Midterm

Of the following presidents, which one served as vice president? Warren G. Harding Franklin D. Roosevelt Calvin Coolidge Woodrow Wilson Herbert Hoover

Calvin Coolidge

According to the theories of Sigmund Freud, our conscious mind is much larger and more powerful than our sub-conscious mind.

False

By the early part of the 1900's, it had become clear that several of the most popular sports would have to undergo some rules and policy changes in order to become more profitable for the professional sports leagues that controlled over 90% of all U.S. sporting activities.

False

By the late 1800's, the United States had all of the ingredients in place to become a first-rate industrial nation, except for adequate numbers in the work force.

False

During the Progressive Era, a "muckraker" was another name for city sanitation worker.

False

From the Virtual Reader of the United States: By 1897, Andrew Carnegie controlled almost all of the railroad companies in the United States.

False

In the late 1800's, the general public whole-heartedly supported the formation of labor unions for workers.

False

In the poem from the Virtual Reader, "Booker T. and W.E.B.," W.E.B. DuBois was critical of blacks who pursued what he considered pointless educational pursuits, instead of putting their focus on making a decent living.

False

President Wilson suffered a temporarily incapacitating stroke in France while negotiating the peace treaty.

False

The Progressive Movement including a number of wealthy and powerful participants, but allowed for no participation among the poor and needy.

False

The passage of the 18th Amendment made abortion illegal throughout all of the United States and territories.

False

The Treaty of Versailles included all of these points except one. Which was the EXCEPTION? Germany was stripped of most of its military power. France was allowed to annex portions of West Germany and East Germany as part of its compensation for being attacked. Germany had to pay billions of dollars in damages (reparations). Germany was assigned guilt for causing the war. Germany lost its overseas colonies.

France was allowed to annex portions of West Germany and East Germany as part of its compensation for being attacked.

Now that you have read a number of resources relating to the meat-packing practices of this era, what does this political cartoon tell us about sausage-making in the late 1800's and early 1900's? This product is healthy and safe. Just about any ingredient could end up in a sausage product Be sure to get enough iron in your diet. Having variety in one's diet is a positive thing. Non-digestable additives will make the digestive process more effective.

Just about any ingredient could end up in a sausage product

(From the Virtual Reader) The author of the song, "I'm Going to Leave Old Texas Now," plans to leave Texas. What is his destination? California Mexico Heaven New York City England

Mexico

From the Virtual Reader: What point is the author making in the political cartoon, "Looking Backward?" Americans predicted that most immigrants would end up in poverty and isolation. Immigrants were always welcome in America. Often, those who currently opposed immigration were once immigrants themselves. The immigrant is deciding which successful American would be his role model. Only the rich Americans opposed immigration.

Often, those who currently opposed immigration were once immigrants themselves.

By the 1920's, the KKK had taken positions against all of the following groups EXCEPT ONE. Which of the following groups WAS NOT attacked by the Klan? the political left wing Jews Protestant Christians Catholics supporters of Darwin's theories

Protestant Christians

All of the following nations BUT ONE fought on the side of the Central Powers during WWI. Which is the EXCEPTION? the Ottoman Turks Russia Germany Austria-Hungary

Russia

In which section of the country would one most likely receive the POOREST quality of public school education in 1900? East North South West

South

In order to acquire the Canal Zone, the United States supported Panama's revolt against: Venezuela. Colombia. Nicaragua. Mexico. Costa Rica.

Colombia

The United States gained influence and control in Panama by convincing the Panamanians to declare their independence from Colombia.

True

Wilson's Fourteen Points endorsed all of the following EXCEPT: an end to secret treaties. the creation of a "league" of nations. freedom of the seas. U.S. colonies in Africa and Asia. removal of trade barriers.

U.S. colonies in Africa and Asia.

The process of horizontal integration could best be described as moving the parts horizontally along an assembly line. as a merger or takeover of similar businesses. as a mixing of races and genders within the work force. controlling the production from the raw material to the consumer.

as a merger or takeover of similar businesses.

Which of the following presidential candidates would receive the widest support from well-established American manufacturers? Grover Cleveland William McKinley James B. Weaver William Jennings Bryan

William McKinley

You run a small manufacturing plant that directly competes with British and German industry. Which candidate will get your vote in 1896? William McKinley Theodore Roosevelt William Jennings Bryan James B. Weaver Grover Cleveland

William McKinley

The impact of the transcontinental railroad system included all of the following EXCEPT: Railroad land sales abroad attracted hundreds of thousands of settlers to America. Coast-to-coast rail lines made national markets and brands possible. Railroads consumed such quantities of raw material they helped to create other giant industries. With the coming of the transcontinental system, railroads were able to undergo much needed consolidation to avoid cut-throat competition.

With the coming of the transcontinental system, railroads were able to undergo much needed consolidation to avoid cut-throat competition.

You have many skills, a broad variety of work experiences and a college degree. Do you favor the Pendleton Act? Yes only in the southern states No only in the eastern industrial regions

Yes

Prosperity returned to the United States by 1898 PRIMARILY thanks to the Dingley Act which increased tariff rates. because McKinley's election reassured business investors. because new deposits of gold as well as new techniques for extracting the gold ore caused the supply of currency to increase dramatically. due to the passage of the Gold Standard Act, which guaranteed the dollar's value.

because new deposits of gold as well as new techniques for extracting the gold ore caused the supply of currency to increase dramatically.

President Wilson's policies toward Mexico between 1913 and 1917 included all of the following EXCEPT naval bombardment and occupation of Vera Cruz. carrying out the assassination of the Mexican bandit, Pancho Villa. sending U.S. troops across the southern border into Mexico. non-recognition of the Huerta government.

carrying out the assassination of the Mexican bandit, Pancho Villa.

Which of the following was NOT a problem faced by farmers of the latter 19th century? declining crop production unfair freight rates from train companies high interest charges inadequate currency in circulation

declining crop production

By the early 20th century, the Women's Christian Temperance Union (W.C.T.U.) won substantial support from immigrants and working-class voters. remained a model of administrative inefficiency and political ineptitude. demanded the complete prohibition of the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages. was widely ridiculed by the Progressive Movement members as a collection of busy-bodies and do-gooders.

demanded the complete prohibition of the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages.

The effect of the National Origins Act of 1924 was to discriminate heavily against immigrants from southern and eastern Europe. determine the religious preference of all immigrants who had come to the U.S. between 1800 and 1924. promote the study of the Revolutionary War in both elementary and secondary schools. prohibit the entry of Central and South Americans into the U.S.

discriminate heavily against immigrants from southern and eastern Europe.

The major themes in the song, "Over There," (Virtual Reader) were ___________ and ____________. love and honor caution and fear loneliness and sorrow duty and patriotism hatred and aggression

duty and patriotism

All of the following EXCEPT ONE could be considered part of the United States traditional leadership--those generally in power from the signing of the Constitution through WWI. Which of these groups is NOT part of the "old" leadership? Anglo-Saxon capitalists whites males independent-minded young people

independent-minded young people

All of the following groups reacted negatively to widespread immigration at the turn of the century EXCEPT ONE. Which of the following groups DID NOT despise the "bad" immigrants? Protestant clergy industrial employers professional educators "Anglo-Americans" in the work force

industrial employers

During WWI, Britain violated America's neutrality by obstructing American trade with the Central Powers. imposing an embargo on American trade with England. refusing American citizens the right to travel on passenger ships. sinking American merchant ships.

obstructing American trade with the Central Powers.

Queen Liliuokalani: welcomed American sugar planters to Hawaii. forged a partnership with Dole Pineapple Corporation that went awry. opposed the Americanization of Hawaii. was forced by Americans living in Hawaii to claim the Hawaiian throne and establish a monarchy in 1899. was an American pretender to the Hawaiian throne.

opposed the Americanization of Hawaii.

Which piece of legislation most upset Teddy Roosevelt during the Taft administration? passage of the amendment that allowed for the direct election of senators passage of the Federal Reserve Act passage of the Payne-Aldrich Tariff passage of the income tax amendment

passage of the Payne-Aldrich Tariff

Toward the end of their lives, John D. Rockefeller and Andrew Carnegie engaged in _________. lobbying for increased governmental controls. philanthropy and public donations. attempts to monopolize their respective industries. vicious criticism of each other.

philanthropy and public donations.

The film, The Birth of a Nation: documented America's independence from England. urged Americans to return to the values of the Founding Fathers. portrayed blacks as depraved, lustful, and dangerous. was repudiated by President Wilson.

portrayed blacks as depraved, lustful, and dangerous.

One of the effects of the creation of trade associations in the 1920's was to promote competition among rival companies in the same industry. put American industry at a competitive disadvantage in relation to European companies. strengthen the position of organized labor. promote cooperation among rival companies in the same industry.

promote cooperation among rival companies in the same industry.

The Open Door policy: closed Chinese immigration except for spouses and children of men already in America. allowed Cubans to enter the United States and Americans to enter Cuba freely. proposed that foreign powers keep the China trade open to all nations on an equal basis. allowed a certain number of Japanese immigrants into the United States each year in return for special trading rights with Japan. pledged economic aid to struggling Latin American republics.

proposed that foreign powers keep the China trade open to all nations on an equal basis.

John D. Rockefeller did all of the following to make his oil business succeed EXCEPT ONE. Which is the EXCEPTION? relentless cost-cutting through efficient use of resources. using his control of the industry to ultimately drive his prices (and profits) up. engaging in cut-throat competition. refusing to spend money on vertical integration techniques.

refusing to spend money on vertical integration techniques.

The central idea behind "welfare capitalism" was government-provided financial aid for troubled industries. government food allotments to the urban poor. company-provided bonuses for management. relatively minor, company-provided benefits for workers.

relatively minor, company-provided benefits for workers.

The Harlem Renaissance: sought to promote black folk culture. made the connection between the African American experience and the legal structure of Rome. emphasized socialism as the means to black empowerment. embraced Booker T. Washington's conciliatory strategy. was confined to jazz.

sought to promote black folk culture.

How successful was President Wilson at getting the U.S. Senate to ratify the Treaty of Versailles? a forced ratification of the Treaty, due to the public's pressure on Congress. This treaty was ultimately ratified by President Harding. a complete voluntary ratification of the Treaty. edits being made to the Treaty that made it more acceptable to Congress. the Senate never ratified the treaty of Versailles.

the Senate never ratified the treaty of Versailles.

When the United States and Colombia could not agree on a price for the Canal Zone: the United States lent support to a separatist rebellion in the Colombian province of Panama. the United Fruit Co. brought in Venezuelan and American mercenaries. Colombian leaders offered the deal to the British. Roosevelt sent the army to Colombia to force Colombian leaders to accept the American offer. the matter was submitted to an international board for arbitration.

the United States lent support to a separatist rebellion in the Colombian province of Panama.

All of the following EXCEPT ONE were reasons why the United States and Spain went to war. Which is the EXCEPTION? yellow journalism the sinking of the U.S. Maine the de Lome letter the United States' backlash against the policies of the Catholic Pope

the United States' backlash against the policies of the Catholic Pope

Western imperialism in the late nineteenth century was stimulated by all of the following EXCEPT: an ongoing quest for markets. an ongoing quest for raw materials. the fear that Communist / Bolshevik ideas might advance around the globe. notions of racial superiority. the desire to Christianize Africa and Asia.

the fear that Communist / Bolshevik ideas might advance around the globe.

What was the major difference between the so-called "good" immigration before 1896 and the "bad" immigration after? After 1896 European nations began sending their criminals and other undesirables to America. immigration was almost exclusively Chinese, who worked very, very cheaply and drove down wages. the immigrants were non-English speaking, non-Protestant, with little experience with democracy. American businessmen had to pay the transportation costs of their indentured workers.

the immigrants were non-English speaking, non-Protestant, with little experience with democracy.

In the course of WWI, all of the following infringed on American civil liberties except for one. Which was the EXCEPTION? the issuance of government War Bonds the limitations on free speech and free press the imprisonment of Eugene V. Debs the Espionage Act vigilantism against German-Americans

the issuance of government War Bonds

The Harlem Renaissance referred to the spread of jazz music from the South to the cities of the North. the rapid development of black culture during the 1920's. the movement of disaffected American intellectuals to Europe. a movement in New York to improve the conditions of recent immigrants to the U.S.

the rapid development of black culture during the 1920's.

Harding's administration is most remembered for: the fact that he died while in office. his promotion of the arts and culture. the poor state of the economy while he was president. its overwhelming popularity with the American people. the scandals that plagued it.

the scandals that plagued it.

All of the following are true of the turn-of-the-century life for lower-class city-dwellers EXCEPT many children and mothers worked in factories. air and water pollution were common. there was a movement of the lower-classes to the suburbs. there was little realistic chance for advancement to middle class.

there was a movement of the lower-classes to the suburbs.

All of the following EXCEPT ONE are reasons why workers failed to unionize significantly by the turn of the century. Which is the EXCEPTION? the tremendous power and influence of the employers the disorganization of the work force there were usually more jobs than available workers the negative public opinion against unions

there were usually more jobs than available workers

Similar to Warren Harding, Calvin Coolidge attempted to regulate the dangerous and unfair practices of big business. took a low-key, conservative approach to the presidency. was tolerant of corruption among his cronies. led a loose, debauched lifestyle.

took a low-key, conservative approach to the presidency.

The Zimmerman telegram: urged the Mexican government to invade the United States. caused the United States to break diplomatic relations with Germany. tipped off J. Edgar Hoover that Germans had infiltrated the FBI. announced the addition of three countries to the Central Powers. announced Germany's decision to wage unrestricted submarine warfare.

urged the Mexican

The Democrats lost 113 seats in the House of Representatives in the CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS of 1894. Why did this most likely happen? (Think about it.) Because many of the major urban areas (Democratic strongholds) were captured by the Populist Party. Due to deteriorating race relations, African-Americans failed to support the Democratic party. The Democrats actually gained seats in the elections of 1894. A severe economic depression began in 1893 while the Democrats were in power.

A severe economic depression began in 1893 while the Democrats were in power.

In physics, the theory of relativity was developed and explained by: Isaac Newton. Max Planck. Sir Francis Bacon. Werner Heisenberg. Albert Einstein.

Albert Einstein.

Out of all the successful businessmen of the Industrial Age, who best epitomizes the "rags-to-riches theme? Andrew Carnegie John D. Rockefeller J.P. Morgan Gustavus Swift

Andrew Carnegie

Which ONE of the following situations regarding civil liberties in the U.S. during WWI is true? The Department of Justice conducted illegal raids on suspected Communists. Any person could be arrested for criticizing the U.S. involvement in WWI. Anti-war newspaper editors were deported to Germany. Only Wilson's pardon kept the Socialist Party leader out of jail.

Any person could be arrested for criticizing the U.S. involvement in WWI.

What was the purpose of the "subtreasury plan"? It allowed farmers to secure low-interest government loans and gave the farmers some latitude concerning when to sell. It reestablished the gold standard. It reclaimed unused land from the railroads. It promoted deflation by withdrawing silver certificates from circulation. It said that the national bank could pull supplemental cash from private banks.

It allowed farmers to secure low-interest government loans and gave the farmers some latitude concerning when to sell.

All of the following EXCEPT ONE are reasons why conservatives opposed widespread knowledge of birth control measures. Which is the EXCEPTION? It would promote sexual promiscuity. It would expose women to physically dangerous practices. It would be "racial suicide" for the white race. It was immoral.

It would expose women to physically dangerous practices.

All of the countries below EXCEPT ONE provided the so-called GOOD immigration to the United States. Which country below is the EXCEPTION? Germany Italy France Great Britain

Italy

As a result of the Scopes trial: Tennessee's anti-evolution law was declared unconstitutional. Clarence Darrow's legal career faded into obscurity. William Jennings Bryan's political career was revived. the fundamentalist movement disappeared. John T. Scopes was found guilty of teaching evolution but was only charged a small fine.

John T. Scopes was found guilty of teaching evolution but was only charged a small fine.

(From the Virtual Reader) The author of the song, "I'm Going to Leave Old Texas Now," plans to leave Texas. Why? Things are just not the same since the South's defeat in the Civil War. He is enlisting in the military to fight for his nation. The open range cattle drives have come to an end. Since the Alamo burned down, he had no desire to remain in Texas. He is ready to pursue opportunities in the industrial field.

The open range cattle drives have come to an end.

A major source of urban pollution at the turn of the century (1800's to 1900's) was the solid waste produced by workhorses.

True

According to the theory of the "White Mans' Burden," the more advanced and civilized nations should strongly encourage ideas such as democracy, Christianity, and modernization to the less advanced nations.

True

Achieving "economy of scale" meant that businesses could generally buy more for less.

True

Among the many abuses of American industrialization in the late 1800's, was almost total disregard for protecting the environment.

True

During World War I, popular prejudice associated anything German with disloyalty.

True

Following 1896, up until WWI, most immigration to the United States was from the so-called "bad" sources of Southern and Eastern Europe.

True

In their party platform (the Ocala Demands) (Virtual Reader), the Populists sought to increase the usage of silver as part of the money supply.

True

One major task in big cities was disposing of horse waste.

True

The desire to restore traditional values and social stability in 1920 led voters to elect as president: Warren G. Harding. Calvin Coolidge. William Jennings Bryan. Woodrow Wilson. Theodore Roosevelt.

Warren G. Harding.

The immigration quota laws, such as the National Origins Act, passed in the 1920s: encouraged Asians to immigrate to America. favored immigrants from southern and eastern Europe. favored immigrants from northern and western Europe. set strict limits on immigration from Mexico. rescinded the Gentlemen's Agreement accepted during Theodore Roosevelt's administration.

favored immigrants from northern and western Europe.

The expression, "yellow journalism," refers to the newspapers that emphasized lurid and sensationalist news accounts. peace and pacifism in foreign relations. an extremely liberal viewpoint. the dangers of Oriental immigration.

lurid and sensationalist news accounts.

All of these ideas were included in Wilson's 14 Points EXCEPT ONE. Which is the EXCEPTION? freedom of the seas in war as well as in peace removal of all economic barriers (protective tariffs) to free trade open, not secret, fair and just peace agreements maintenance of substantial armaments to discourage potential aggressor nations

maintenance of substantial armaments to discourage potential aggressor nations

The result of the Platt Amendment (1901) following the Spanish American War was to provide Cuba with U.S. aid to rebuild after the war. guarantee Cuba's complete and unencumbered independence. make Cuba an unofficial American territory. reform Cuba's legal and administrative systems.

make Cuba an unofficial American territory.

Membership in the American Federation of Labor at first: was limited primarily to skilled, white, male craftsmen. was primarily African American. reflected the growing membership of agricultural workers. reflected the growing membership of the unskilled worker. grew rapidly.

was limited primarily to skilled, white, male craftsmen.

Margaret Sanger: was the first woman elected to Congress. was an advocate of Prohibition. was the first person to advocate for birth control for women. was the first pilot to fly solo across the Atlantic. was the first aviator to fly around the world.

was the first person to advocate for birth control for women.