Midterm A&P Lab 1
most digestive organs
Abdominal
tissue stores fat.
Adipose
Identify the tissue where you would find abundant adipocytes.
Adipose tissue
________ is located under the skin in the hypodermis, around kidneys and eyeballs, and in the abdomen.
Adipose tissue
If a student uses a parfocal compound light microscope, which of the following would be true?
After the initial focus adjustments are made, the image should remain in focus as the specimen is viewed with each objective lens.
Carry impulses away from the cell body
Axons
________ conduct impulses away from the cell body.
Axons
Identify the tissue where you would find platelets.
Blood
What tissue would you be examining if you found abundant erythrocytes?
Blood
What is included in the dorsal cavity?
Both cranial and vertebral cavities
Which of the following lists, in correct order, the phases of interphase?
G1, S, and G2
Which organelle functions to package, modify, and segregates proteins for secretion?
Golgi apparatus
Which organelle functions in ATP synthesis?
Mitochondrion
How is total magnification calculated?
Multiply the power of the ocular lens and the objective lens in use Submit
produces movement, generates heat
Muscular
integration and coordination
Nervous
Cells that nourish and support
Neuroglia
: Main conductive cells in nervous tissue
Neurons
________ are the main cells involved in information processing and in sending and receiving impulses.
Neurons
Esophagus; vagina; oral cavity
Nonkeratinized stratified squamous
Name the three components of a typical cell.
Nucleus, plasma membrane, and cytoplasm
Which cavity contains the urinary bladder and reproductive organs?
Pelvic cavity Submit
heart
Pericardial
Metabolizes fats; synthesizes certain phospholipids
Peroxisome
Which organs belong to the respiratory system?
Pharynx, trachea, and lungs
lungs
Pleural
Which region is only visible on the posterior/dorsal body surface?
Popliteal
Which directional term indicates the back side of the body?
Posterior
During which phase of the cell cycle do centrioles migrate to opposite poles?
Prophase
columnar epithelium appears to be stratified, but is actually a single layer or cells.
Pseudostratified
Respiratory tract; nasal cavity
Pseudostratified columnar
Which ciliated variety of epithelial tissue lines the trachea and most of the upper respiratory tract?
Pseudostratified columnar
Which epithelial tissue functions mainly in the propulsion of mucus by ciliary action?
Pseudostratified columnar
sexual function, hormone production
Reproductive
Identify the tissues where you can find abundant fibroblasts.
Reticular connective tissue and loose connective tissue
What phase of the cell life cycle does replication of DNA occur?
S phase
Digestive tract; gallbladder
Simple columnar
Which epithelial tissue lines most of the digestive tract and gallbladder?
Simple columnar
Kidney tubules; ducts of glands
Simple cuboidal
Which epithelial tissue is found in the kidney tubules, ducts of small glands, ovary surface, and thyroid follicles?
Simple cuboidal
: Air sacs of the lungs; glomerular capsule
Simple squamous
support, protection, blood cell production
Skeletal
Which stage of the cell cycle is characterized by the sister chromatids reaching the opposite poles and uncoiling to form chromatin?
Telophase
removes metabolic wastes from blood
Urinary
What is the serous membrane on the surface of most abdominal organs called?
Visceral peritoneum
Muscles that are under conscious control.
Voluntary muscle
During ________, the shortest phase of mitosis, chromosomes are pulled toward the poles of the cell.
anaphase
During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes separate?
anaphase
Sister chromatids split and move to opposite poles.
anaphase
The phase of mitosis where the separation of the chromosomes occurs is __________.
anaphase
The forearm -
antebrachial
In anatomical position, the palm is oriented ________.
anterior
The armpit -
axillary
The dorsal body cavity is subdivided into the _______ and ______cavities.
cranial; vertebral
The anterior surface of the leg -
crural
The elbow -
cubital
During cell division, the process of a dividing the cytoplasm is called:
cytokinesis
What process ultimately pinches a dividing cell to produce two daughter cells?
cytokinesis
left upper quadrant
diaphragm ,stomach, spleen
Which of the following is not a major function of proteins in the cell membrane?
forming the entire glycocalyx
Plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions is
frontal/coronal
Where should broken glass be placed?
glass disposal container
The buttocks -
gluteal
Where in a typical eukaryotic cell would you expect to find genes?
in the DNA within the cell's nucleus
The groin -
inguinal
DNA is replicated
interphase
DNA replication occurs during __________.
interphase
From the time it is formed until it reproduces, the cell undergoes growth and carries out its functions in the body. What is the name for this portion of the cell's life cycle?
interphase
right upper quadrant
liver, gallbladder
prevents edema, functions in immunity
lymphatic
Which of the following acts as the digestive system of the cell, breaking down materials?
lysosome
Which of the following answer choices includes organelles that are surrounded by a double membrane?
nucleus, mitochondria
The ear
otic
The outermost layer of the serous membrane surrounding the heart is called the _________ pericardium.
parietal
The portion of the membrane lining the abdominal cavity is called the
parietal peritoneum
The foot -
pedal
urinary bladder, internal reproductive organs
pelvic
What part of a cell membrane is usually in contact with the interstitial fluid?
phosphate heads of phospholipids
Which of the following is the main component of the cell membrane?
phospholipids
The sole of the foot -
plantar
The thumb -
pollical
The posterior surface of the knee -
popliteal
During this phase of mitosis, the mitotic spindle forms and the nuclear envelope fragments.
prophase
During which of the following phases does chromatin condense and become chromosomes?
prophase
Nuclear envelope breaks down.
prophase
What stage of mitosis do chromosomes become visible in the nucleus?
prophase
You are observing a slide that contains cells undergoing cell division, and you have focused on a cell that has darkly staining X-shaped chromosomes that appear loose throughout the cell. You cannot see a nuclear envelope. This cell is in ________.
prophase
Which of the following lists, in correct order, the phases of mitosis?
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
delivers oxygen to blood, removes carbon dioxide from the body
respiratory
Which of the following is NOT one of the three major components of a typical eukaryotic cell?
ribosome
Plane that divides the body into left and right portions is
sagittal
Your instructor identifies the location of the sharps container, which is used to dispose of _____________.
scalpel blades
Which of the following is a characteristic of the cell membrane?
semipermeable
Anaphase is characterized by ________.
separation of the sister chromatids
The ankle -
tarsal
Sister chromatids reach opposite poles.
telophase
In which phase(s) of mitosis do the chromosomes contain a single copy of DNA?
telophase and anaphase
Plane that divides the body into superior and inferior portions is
transverse/horizontal
left lower quadrant
urinary bladder
The portion of the membrane on the surface of the heart is called the
visceral pericardium (epicardium)
The portion of the serous membrane on the surface of the lung is called the
visceral pleura
The distance between the objective lens and the microscope stage is called the ________.
working distance
Taxol is a chemotherapeutic drug that will attach to the spindle fibers and prevent their function thereby killing the cancer cell. Which process does this drug prevent from occurring?
Anaphase
Which directional term describes a body part closer to the midline of the body?
Medial
Where do most people have blood taken when they donate blood?
Antecubital region
Which stage of the cell cycle is characterized by the chromosomes lining up along the equator of the cell?
Metaphase
Which epithelial tissue allows passage of materials by diffusion and filtration?
Simple squamous
________ epithelium is located in kidney glomeruli and air sacs of the lungs.
Simple squamous
Which organs belong to the integumentary system?
Skin, hair, and nails
Site of lipid synthesis
Smooth ER
Which description matches smooth muscle?
Spindled shaped with central nuclei
Identify the tissues where you would find osteocytes?
Spongy bone and compact bone
epithelium consists of a single layer of flat cells that resemble scales.
Squamous
epithelium has two or more layers.
Stratified
Which epithelial tissue can be keratinized to protect underlying tissues in areas subjected to abrasion?
Stratified squamous
Which epithelial tissue is found in the esophagus, vagina, and epidermis of the skin?
Stratified squamous
Light and dark banding pattern caused by the arrangement of the contractile proteins. Found in Skeletal and cardiac muscle.
Striation
Which directional term indicates a body part closer to the surface?
Superficial
During which of the following phases does DNA replication occur?
Synthesis
In what tissues would you find reticular fibers?
Areolar connective tissue and adipose tissue
digests foods, nutrient absorption
Digestive
________ epithelium contains umbrella cells.
Transitional
The sternum -
sternal
Which epithelial tissue lines the ureters, urinary bladder, and part of the urethra?
Transitional
Which epithelial tissue stretches readily and permits distention?
Transitional
Which description matches cardiac muscle?
Branching, striated, and usually uninucleate cells
: transports gases and nutrients
Cardiovascular
Which organelle helps form the spindle apparatus during cellular division?
Centriole
Aids in division of DNA
Centrioles
What event immediately precedes anaphase?
Chromosomes cluster at the midline of the cell.
________ is/are a contractile ring of actin microfilaments that eventually results in the division of the cytoplasm.
Cleavage furrow
brain
Cranial
Helps maintain the structure of the cell
Cytoskeleton
What happens to the field of view as the magnification of the microscope increases?
Decreases
Carry electrical charges toward the cell body
Dendrites
________ receive information from other cells and send it to the cell body.
Dendrites
Identify the tissue where you would find collagen fibers.
Dense irregular connective tissue
Which directional term describes a body part located toward the tail?
Inferior
protects, regulates body temperature
Integumentary
Junction between cardiac cells that allows them to contract as a unit.
Intercalated disc
During which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replicate?
Interphase
Which stage of the cell cycle is characterized by DNA replication?
Interphase
________ is the period of time when the cell is not dividing.
Interphase
Muscles that are not under conscious control.
Involuntary muscle
Which knob or control is adjusted to change the contrast of an image?
Iris diaphragm
Which part of the microscope controls the amount of light that passes through the stage?
Iris diaphragm
Epidermis of the skin
Keratinized stratified squamous
In anatomical position, the thumbs are in what position in relationship to the hand?
Lateral
Which description matches skeletal muscle?
Long, cylindrical, and multinucleate cells
Which system returns excess tissue fluid to the blood stream and functions in immunity?
Lymphatic system
Urinary bladder; ureter
Transitional
Nervous tissue is found in the ________.
brain, spinal cord, and nerves
The cheek (of face) -
buccal
right lower quadrant
cecum, appendix, small intestine, urinary bladder
The head -
cephalic
The neck
cervical
When a cell is NOT dividing, the DNA is loosely spread throughout the nucleus in a threadlike form called __________.
chromatin
The chin -
mental
Chromosomes line up along the equator
metaphase
What phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell?
metaphase
The division of human cells consists of a series of events, collectively called ________, or nuclear division, and ________, or division of the cytoplasm.
mitosis, cytokinesis
Nervous tissue cells that nourish and support are called ________.
neuroglia
The end product of cell division by mitosis is ________.
2 genetically identical daughter cells
How many stages of mitosis are there? __________
4
What tissue would you examine to find leukocytes?
Blood
Which of the following descriptions correctly describes anatomical position?
Body erect, facing forward, feet slightly apart, arms at the sides, and palms facing forward
What are the long, thin strands of DNA called during interphase?
Chromatin
Identify the tissues where you would find abundant elastic fibers.
Elastic cartilage and elastic connective tissue
Identify the tissues where you would find chondrocytes.
Elastic cartilage and hyaline cartilage
regulates body functions, secretes hormones
Endocrine
Chromatid pairs separate during the metaphase stage of mitosis.
False