Midterm MUSIC 101
the musical "Hamilton" won the pulitzer prize for drama in 2017 true or false
False
Which instrument famously occupies two distinct roles-accompaniment and solo-in the fifth Brandenburg Concerto?
Harpsichord
Which pair of instruments would have potentially played the continuo part in a Baroque piece?
Harpsichord and cello
Which statement about Henry Purcell is NOT true?
He composed anthems for the Lutheran church
Which statement about Handel's time in Italy is true?
He composed over 100 cantatas while in Italy
Which statement about J.S. Bach's life and work in Leipzig is NOT true?
He derived great joy from teaching Latin at the Thomas School.
How was Bach an international composer?
He drew inspiration from the music of Corelli and Vivaldi.
Which of the following was one of J.S. Bach's tasks in Weimar?
He maintained and repaired organs
In what was was Dufay a forward-looking composer
He occasionally used secular melodies as foundations for sacred masses
Which is the best definition of the word "oratorio?"
Large-scale musical work, usually narrative, that treats a Biblical subject and is traditionally performed without costumes or scenery
Which author famously wrote a novel based on a fugal structure?
Joyce
Which of Handel's oratorios celebrates the event celebrated in the Jewish celebration of Hanukah?
Judas Maccabaeus
Which is the best definition for "cantata?"
Large-scale composition for vocal soloists, chorus, and orchestra
what family category is timpani
percussion
What is the correct distinction between a chorus and a choir
the latter is typically smaller than the former and is often associated with sacred music
Upbeat is
final "weak" beat in a measure which prepares the listener for a new measure
Which movements of Bach's Cantata No. 140 are restatements of the chorale melody?
1,4,7
When did modern orchestra develop
18th century
Roughly how many concertos did Vivaldi compose during his lifetime?
500
"See the Conquering Hero Comes" from Judas Maccabaeus is frequently interpreted as a reference to the military defeat of what historical figure?
A grandson of James ll
What is the Fitzwilliam Virginal Book?
A manuscript of nearly 300 compositions for the harpsichord
Phrase is
A melodic portion of a piece of music
Which of the following features would identify a piece of music as one of Monteverdi's "songs of war?"
A rapidly repeated instrumental figure
Which of the following elements of "my shot" provides a constant, unifying foundation?
A rising bass line repeated throughout
Which of the following best describes Hildegard of Bingen's piece, O viridissima virga?
A setting of the Proper in honor of the Virgin Mary
Description of Motet
A type of polyphony that took two-part and added new texts to the upper voices
Match the form to the appropriate example Themes and Variations:
A,A1, A2, A3, etc...
Match the form to the appropriate example Binary:
AB
match the form to the appropriate example Tertiary:
ABA
What did Gesualdo of Venosa use to create unpredictable music that was both fragmented and spontaneous?
Abrupt changes in rhythm and texture
A Baroque dance in slow duple meter would be a(n):
Allemande
Melodic music in an opera that is introduced by recitative is commonly called:
An aria
What is the term for the new musical style that became popular in the 14th century?
Ars Nova
For what Shakesepearean play did Thomas Morley write "It was a lover and his lass?"
As you like it
Which statement about Bach's notoriety is true?
Bach lived and worked within a fairly small area of central Germany, and thus was not widely known.
Which statement about Bach's family life is NOT true?
Bach was born in Belgium, but grew up in Leipzig.
Which is the proper term for a system of shorthand notation used to suggest harmonies above or below the bass part on a score?
Basso continuo
How do we know that the anonymous first composers of Western polyphony were educated church clerics?
Because the new music required notation
Which of the following is NOT a similarity between Monteverdi's "Possente spirtu" and Purcell's "When I am laid in earth"?
Both are about the portrayal of one unified emotion: grief
Which of the following statements is NOT true of both Bach and Handel?
Both were renowned for composing opera
Which painter based a famous work on an ancient sculpture owned bu Lorenzo di Medici
Botticelli
A rebec is a ....
Bowed stringed instrument
What is a trumpets family category
Brass
Guillame Dufaywas likely born near which major city
Brussels
Which of the following is NOT true about Machaut's poetry? A He was greatly admired by Geoffrey Chaucer B He produced several long, narrative poems C All of his secular poetry was written in Latin D Many of his poems used the standard templates of medieval secular poetry
C All of his secular poetry was written in Latin
A bass-line pattern that announces arrival in a particular key is commonly called a ____.
Cadence
Which is the term for an extended virtuoso passage for a soloist alone
Cadenza
A medium-length narrative work for chorus, soloists, and orchestra is called a____.
Cantata
Which of the following describes the genre known as the trio sonata?
Chamber work in several movements that featured two treble instruments supported by a bass and a continuo
Early medieval church music, which was primarily passed down as part of an oral tradition, was known by many names-which of the following is NOT one of them? Chant Plainchant Plainsong Chant-song
Chantsong
At the dramatic climax of Orfeo, which mythological character does Orpheus lull to sleep?
Charon, the ferryman for the river Styx
Which of the following is NOT a common feature of the Lutheran cantata?
Concerti
Placing choirs in separate galleries in a church is what
Cori spezzati
Which term describes the practice of setting musical lines against each other-literally "note against note"?
Counterpoint
Which of the following is NOT a method for manipulating the subject of a fugue?
Courrante
Where did Bach live while he composed the Brandenburg concertos?
Cöthen
Which term properly describes the form of "Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion" from Messiah?
Da capo Aria
Which term is NOT matched with the correct definition?
Diminution: doubling the rhythmic values of the subject so that it slows down considerably
Which of the following is the term for successive shifts in increasing or decreasing volume?
Dominant cadences
In which of the following films was J.S. Bach's Toccata and Fugue in D minor NOT featured?
Dracula, 1929
Composers from which nation first experimented with triads
England
Match the national style of secular song to its nation of origin. Consorts:
England
What was the title of Handel's first English oratorio?
Esther
While the harpsichord is a versatile instrument overall, what can it not provide?
Extreme dynamic levels of loud and soft
A few centuries after Hildegard of Bingen composed her visionary chants, a radically different type of music-polyphony-was developing. True or false
False
A true classical orchestra employs only groups of woodwind, brass, and percussion True or False
False
Around the ninth century CE, the five-line staff became the common method of musical notation true or false
False
During the 15th and 16th centuries, composers still drew on courtly love poetry from the Middle Ages for their secular music, but lost all interest in using Gregorian plainchant or church modes. True or false
False
Frustrated with the abuses prevalent in the Catholic Church, Martin Luther nailed his 95 Theses to the door of the Wittenberg church in order to split the Catholic Church. True or False
False
Hildegard of Bingen wrote volumes of work regarding personal theology, expressing little interest in social or ecological issues. True or false
False
Hildegard of Bingen's text in O viridissima virga likens Christ to a fountain of refreshing water in parched lands. True or false
False
In all medieval chants, the musicians sing in unison-having a soloist perform alone was prohibited as a dangerous invitation to pride. True or False
False
In northern France, the troubadours' counterparts were known as Minnesingers. True or false
False
One of the many innovative features of "my shot" is that it features no textual 'refrain', or repeated text true or false
False
Palestrina served as choirmaster under a grand total of two popes at the Vatican. True or False
False
Renaissance humanists reaffirmed the ancient Greek idea that music could powerfully shape and influence human behavior. True or false
False
The madrigal genre arrived in England in 1588, the year of the Spanish Army's defeat. True or false
False
Transplanted composers at the beginning of the Renaissance left their homes for London, serving the English monarchy.
False
Unlike Byrd, Dowland was a Catholic-thus, he was forced to leave England and find favor in foreign courts. True or false
False
While Josquin's music was little known during his lifetime, the printing press-invented shortly after his death-helped spread his fame posthumously. True or false
False
Aeneas, the male lead in Dido and Aeneas, is the mythical personage commonly held responsible for:
Founding the city of Rome
Match the national style of secular song to its nation of origin. Chansons:
France
Which Prussian monarch did Bach visit late in his life?
Frederick the great
Which of the following is described as an intellectually demanding display of counterpoint?
Fugues
Which piece studied in this chapter contributed to Handel's decision to turn from Italian opera to English oratorio?
Gay's The beggar's Opera
Match the national style of secular song to its nation of origin. Lieder:
Germany
The german poet * blank* described *blank* as "frozen music"
Goethe/ architecture
Out of the 53 parts of the Messiah, roughly how many are written for full chorus?
Half
Which composer studied in this section wrote a piece of music intended to be performed on a boat?
Handel
Which statement about Vivaldi's life and career is true?
He was known to boast about how quickly he could write a concerto.
Which is NOT an accurate statement about Corelli's sonatas?
His chamber sonatas are typically in six movements.
Which statement about Bach's life and work in Cöthen is true?
His employment there only began after his former employer, the duke of Weimar, released him from prison over the fact that Bach wanted to leave.
Which of the following is a key distinction between Handel's operas and his oratorios?
His oratorios do not include exit arias
Which is the best definition of "chorale?"
Hymn tunes commonly used in Lutheran worship
which of the following is a probable reason for the loss of most medieval music
Illiteracy was widespread during medieval era, so most music was not preserved
Which of the following is the correct definition for 'program music'?
Instrumental music meant to tell a story or explore different non-musical ideas, identified or hinted at by the title
Major is
Is eight pitches total with half steps between the 3rd and 4th pitches and the 7th and 8th pitches
How is Handel's Messiah different from his other oratorios
It does not tell a story but rather provides a commentary on the Christian experience
Why is the Mass in B Minor considered unsuitable for performance during a service?
It is too long
Which statement about the traditional French overture is NOT true?
It typically consisted of three sections of drastically different character
Which statement about The Messiah is true?
It was originally performed as a benefit for charity
Why is Handel's opera Rinaldo historically unique?
It was the first Italian opera composed for England
Match the national style of secular song to its nation of origin. Frottolas:
Italian
In which nation did the renaissance NOT first arise in music
Italy
In which city did Handel NOT work during his lifetime?
Leipzig
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the galant style of music?
Lengthy, drawn out phrases
Dramatic text of opera
Libertto
Which statement about Lully's career is NOT true?
Lully's operas were carefully calibrated to extol the parliamentary checks and balances that were integral to the French political regime under Louis XIV.
Which of the following is the term for a musical instrument made from a tortoise shell with strings stretched across it
Lyre
Ascending and descending phrases that suggest rising and falling, respectively, are examples of what technique?
Madrigalisms
What two new modes were introduced during the Renaissance that became the basis for a new system of understanding music?
Major and Minor scales
Which of the following terms is used to describe the new musical system of structuring melodies and harmonies that became prevalent during the Baroque era?
Major-minor tonality
Which statement about troubadours is true?
Many troubadours wrote epic poems and composed songs about the Crusades.
Augmentation is a method for altering what musical element of a fugal subject?
Meter
Which of the following is the definition of "basso ostinato"?
Music that features a repeated bass pattern with melodic and harmonic material in higher registers
Which of the following types of music is not featured within the musical "Hamilton" Gospel, Rap, or Show tunes
NONE OF THE ABOVE
Which of the following is NOT listed as one of the wide variety of medieval instruments? Guitar Castanet Bagpipes Nafers
Nafers
Which of the following is NOT a similarity between early medieval and ancient Greek music
Neither accepted the use of instruments other than the human voice
Which term is used to describe music written for specific events?
Occasional music
What is the term for a new type of opera that featured a few characters singing tuneful arias and recitatives, usually within the context of a comedic story?
Opera buffa
Handel was famous for writing in many genres during his lifetime; which one first thrust him into the public eye?
Operas
Which of the following is a key distinction between the operas Orfeo and Coronation of Poppea?
Orfeo was intended for performance at court, while Coronation of Poppea premiered in a public Venetian opera house.
What was William Byrd's official title
Organist at London's Chapel Royal
Which city was the center of a vibrant new style of polyphony during the late 12th and early 13th centuries?
Pairs
In Spring from The Four Seasons, how does Vivaldi depict a thunderstorm?
Rapid pitches and sweeping scales in the orchestra
Which of the following was NOT one of the many roles that Hildegard of Bingen filled in her life? Abbess Illustrator Pianist Poet
Pianist
When a stringed instrument usually played with a bow is instead played by plucking the strings, the effect is called:
Pizzicato
A lute is ....
Plucked stringed instrument
Palestrina composed a mass that served as a defense of polyphony in church music and named it after which figure in the Church's history?
Pope Marcellus
How are Baroque preludes and suites different from one another?
Preludes were more freely conceived as improvisational pieces, while suites were based on specific successions of well known dances.
The composer Léonin likely held what position or title?
Priest
Which did Monteverdi NOT do while working in Venice
Produce madrigals, but only for voice alone (no instruments)
A returning orchestral theme that is frequently restated between solo sections of a concerto is known as a ____.
Ritornello
What musical feature of the fifth Brandenburg Concerto is also found in the concertos of Vivaldi?
Ritornello
Where was Palestrina born
Rome
In what genre did Vivaldi NOT compose?
Secular madrigal
Henry Purcell composed several masques that increasingly took on the trappings of opera-these were described as:
Semi-operas
the "octave" is divided up into twelve steps, each of which is defined as * blank*
Semitone
Which statement about Hildegard of Bingen's early life is NOT true? A She took vows at the age of 14 and entered a convent. B She was educated by Carmelite nuns. C Her parents offered her to the church as a tithe, as she was their tenth child. D Her parents were members of the nobility.
She was educated by Carmelite nuns.
Grave is
Slow, solemn
What family category is Cello
String
Which of the following was NOT a component of a standard Baroque organ?
Strings
Which of the following is the best definition of the word "melody"?
Succession of musical pitches into a particular shape
Which is NOT a feature of the madrigal Composed for four or five voices Texts in Latin Texts of high literary quality Set for one singer per part
Texts in Latin
Which of Bach's pieces features a contrapuntal treatment of his own name?
The Art of Fugue
What was the name of Catholic Church's response to the Protestant Reformation ?
The Counter- Reformation
Who was an important patron of Josquin
The Duke of Ferrara
Which of the following works demonstrated Monteverdi's mastery of polychoral composition?
The Vesper settings of 1610
Which piece by J.S. Bach contains a cycle of pieces written in each of the 24 major and minor keys?
The Well-Tempered Clavier
What are the three parts of The Messiah about?
The birth, crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus
How does a 'concerto grosso' differ from a 'concerto?'
The concerto grosso alternates full orchestra with a small group of soloists rather than just one soloist
"Continuo" can refer to which two things?
The ensemble entrusted with the task of accompanying soloists or featured instruments; the practice of providing a bass line with numerical symbols that indicated the chords to be played above the notes
Which statement about the church of St. Thomas in Leipzig is NOT true?
The famous reformer John Calvin preached there in 1539.
Which of the following is the definition for the term "fugal exposition"?
The initial statement of a fugal subject at the beginning of the piece by one part alone
Which statement about recitative is NOT true?
The melodic line is lyrical and sweeping, with little regard to the accents and inflections of the text.
Johann Nepomuk Mälzel is credited with inventing which musical device
The metronome
Which instrument discussed in this chapter has its roots in ancient Greco-Roman hydraulic pumping mechanisms?
The organ
Which instrument was by far the most complex musical instrument available during the medieval era?
The organ
Which statement about The Four Seasons is NOT true?
The piece is one concerto in four movements
What was Donato Bramante's Tempietto commissioned to mark?
The presumed site of St. Peters crucifixion
What historical event in the early 1300s contributed to the waning influence of the Catholic Church on many facets of medieval life, including music?
The relocation of the papacy to avignon
Consider the following statement and choose the best response: "The defeat of Charles Edward Stuart, often known as Bonnie Prince Charlie, came at the hands of the Duke of Wellington, who was then honored in a chorus composed by Handel for one of his oratorios." true or false
The statement is false because Charles Edward Stuart was defeated by the Duke of Cumberland.
Consider the following statement and choose the best response: "After deciding not to pursue a career in law, Handel moved to Hamburg where he played the harpsichord for the municipal orchestra." true or false
The statement is false because Handel played violin in the municipal orchestra.
Consider the following statement and choose the best response: "J.S. Bach composed nearly 300 cantatas, or five annual cycles, of which about half are lost." True or false
The statement is false because J.S. Bach's cantatas represent fourteen annual cycles.
Consider the following statement and choose the best response: "Jean-Baptiste Lully, a Portuguese composer living in Paris, established French opera while working under a royal patent granted by Louis XIV." True or False
The statement is false because Lully was Italian
Consider the following statement and choose the best response: "J.S. Bach fathered 20 children in his life: seven in his marriage to Maria Barbara Bach, who died while her husband was accompanying his employer to the court of Louis XIV, and the rest in his marriage to Anna Magdalena Bach, a singer and skilled musician who produced copies of her husband's work." True or false
The statement is false because Maria Barbara Bach died while her husband was accompanying his employer on an extended trip to a spa.
Consider following statement and choose the most appropriate response: "Baroque composers were particularly concerned with relating music and text; as Italian composer Claudio Monteverdi described it, they inherited a growing interest in clarity of text in music from their Renaissance predecessors."
The statement is false because Monteverdi claimed that Baroque composers were in reaction against their Renaissance predecessors and their excessive use of polyphony.
Consider the following statement and choose the best response: "Claudio Monteverdi, who published his first piece at the age of 15, worked for more than 20 years at the ducal court of Venice before taking over the post of music director at the cathedral of St. Mark's." True or false & why
The statement is false because Monteverdi took over the post of music director at the basilica of St. Paul's.
Consider the following statement and choose the best response: "Nicknamed 'the Red Priest' for his fiery hair, Vivaldi's pupils came from the households of widely known public figures, but they performed half concealed in a gallery behind latticework." true or false
The statement is false because Vivaldi's pupils were orphans living at a convent for girls.
Consider the following statement and choose the best response: "Handel composed four anthems for the coronation of King George II, including the famous Zadok the Priest, which was then used in the coronation services for every English monarch until Queen Victoria." true or false
The statement is false because Zadok the Priest has been performed during the coronation of every English monarch since George II, up to and including Elizabeth II.
Consider the following statement and choose the best response: "Named after the Latin word for 'flight,' the fugue is a musical form with roots in Renaissance polyphony that features successive statements of a main theme, or subject, between two and only two competing parts or 'voices.'" True or false
The statement is false because fugues could have many more than two parts stating the subject.
Consider the following statement and choose the best response: "An opera, which is a dramatic work set to continuous music and acted out on a stage, always includes a chorus, orchestra, and cast of solo singers." true or false & why
The statement is false because operas may, but do not always, include a chorus.
Consider the following statement and choose the most accurate response: "Scholars agree that J.S. Bach wrote the famous Toccata and Fugue in D Minor, but debate whether or not he originally wrote it for the harpsichord or for the organ." True or false
The statement is false because scholars are not in agreement as to Bach's authorship of this piece. and because no scholar argues that Bach composed this piece for the harpsichord first.
Consider the following statement and choose the most appropriate response: "Derived from an Italian word meaning 'to sound,' the sonata developed during the Baroque era as a genre of music written for solo violin. True or False
The statement is false because sonatas were written for a variety of solo instruments and ensembles.
Consider the following statement and choose the best response: "Depressing the keys of a harpsichord activates a mechanism that drives a stiff quill fixed to a strip of wood (known as a 'jack') downward so that it plucks the instrument's strings, generating a distinctive sound." true or false
The statement is false because the 'jack' is driven upward by depressing the keys of the harpsichord.
Consider the following statement and choose the best response: "All six of Bach's famed Brandenburg Concertos feature a string orchestra in four parts-violins, violas, cellos, and double-bass-with a solo ensemble consisting of harpsichord, flute, and violin." True or false
The statement is false because the concertos do not all feature the same instruments in the solo ensembles.
Consider the following statement and choose the best response: "Toward the end of the Baroque era, the emphasis on ornate and magnificent splendor began to be seen as overly emotional; music and the other arts began to resist the extravagance of the Baroque in favor of a resurgence of spiritual renewal known as the Protestant Reformation." true or false
The statement is false because the end of the Baroque saw a movement towards increased interest in intellectualism, commonly called the Enlightenment.
Consider the following statement and choose the best response: "The rococo style developed in northern Italy during the late Baroque period, featuring lighter forms of opera that featured dances and scenes from everyday life." true or false
The statement is false because the rococo style developed in France.
Consider the following statement and choose the best response: "During the rousing 'Hallelujah Chorus' in Handel's Messiah, King George II reportedly rose to his feet and began clapping in time with the music; the audience was compelled to follow the lead of their monarch, leading to a lasting tradition that endures to this day. True or false
The statement is false because the tradition merely states that the monarch rose to his or her feet.
What famous 20th-century political event is directly tied to St. Nicholas's church in Leipzig?
The toppling of Berlin wall
What is the correct description of the relationship between all major keys
They are transpositions or reputations of the same patterns starting on different pitches
How did Renaissance composers think of their music differently than their medieval counterparts?
They thought of the different parts simultaneously as they created their works
Which of the following accurately describes a way that Baroque composers exhibited the pervasive cultural interest in human passions?
They used intense contrasts of loud and soft music.
Why are the Brandenburg Concertos so named?
They were composed at the request of the Margrave of Brandenburg.
Which of the following describes "ternary form?"
Three sections of music, of which the third is a repetition of the first
Why was the Royal Academy of Music founded?
To generate income to support productions of Italian opera
Western Composers typically construct melodies around a prominently recurring pitch commonly known as the * blank*
Tonic
Which of the following is the strongest association between chords used in tonal harmony?
Tonic-dominant
For what genre was Arcangelo corelli particularly famous for
Trio sonatas
"form" is the term for an overarching plan that holds a piece of music together True or false
True
A "chanson" is a love song with French text set for one, two, or three parts. True or Fale
True
A sharp (#) is slightly higher than a basic pitch, and a flay ( ó) is slightly lower true or false
True
Consider the following statement and choose the best response: "Baroque composers sought above all to highlight unity of mood within a composition, capturing one particular emotion-such as rage, sorrow, joy, or grief-through various musical 'figures of speech' that represented these moods." True or false
True
Consider the following statement and choose the best response: "In Bach's monumental St. Matthew Passion, the composer set the story of the Passion of Christ, taking special care to use red ink to denote texts taken directly from the Bible and black ink for non-biblical texts." True or false
True
Consider the following statement and choose the best response: "The English court's favored form of entertainment in the late 17th century was the masque, allegorical spectacles that typically centered on topics such as peace and love in performances that featured poetry and music." True or false
True
Consider the following statement and choose the best response: "The chorale on which Bach's Cantata No. 140 is based fills out a 3-part form (often labeled AAB) in which the final B section includes a repeat of the third phrase of the A section." true or false
True
Consider the following statement and choose the best response: "While the repeated A section in a da capo aria slows down the progress of the story, the repeated material allowed singers to showcase their voices through trills, runs, and other ornaments." true or false
True
During the medieval era, most recorded music was created for use in the context of the "liturgy," or pattern of text and music used in the worship services of the Catholic Church. True or false
True
French became the preferred language in compositions for motets, which likewise became increasingly secular in tone. True or false
True
Italian architect Brunelleschi was inspired in part by the circular designs of ancient Roman buildings in designing his famous dome for the cathedral in Florence. True or false
True
Josquin developed a new style of polyphony based on motives, or short musical themes, that he exchanged and imitated among the parts. True or false
True
Léonin's practice of taking existing musical material and layering his own complementary music against it is similar to the common practices of jazz improvisation in the 20th and 21st centuries. True or False
True
Miranda's "Hamilton" treats the American Revolution as a metaphor for broader revolutionary change that continues to this day true or false
True
Notated music intended solely for instruments was not unheard of before the late Renaissance, but it's not until the 16th century that we find substantial quantities of such music. True or False
True
Renaissance composers for instrumental music often invented a bass pattern which they repeated frequently throughout a composition in order to provide a stable foundation. True or False
True
Secular medieval music was primarily transmitted by oral tradition or improvised as needed, rather than being written down and preserved. True or false
True
Since authorship was a largely unfamiliar concept, very few names of musicians associated with Gregorian chant have come down to us. True or false
True
The "courtly love" tradition idealized women as "noble damsels." True or False
True
The greek system of "modes: on which medieval music is based, is similar to our modern scales in that both consist of a stepwise pattern of pitches that fill out an octave true or false
True
Tonality is a system of musical organization that depends on a network of harmonic relationships, all centered on dissonant triads ? true or false
True
Weelkes was eventually dismissed from his position as organist and choirmaster at Chichester Cathedral due to his chronic drunkenness. True or false
True
most discussions of musical form assign capital letters ( eg, A and B) to different sections of music true or false
True
What is indicated by the common musical notation ||: A :||: B :|| ?
Two contrasting sections are each repeated once in what is known as 'binary form'
What is signified by the following shorthand? ||: A :||: B :|| ?
Two different sections of music-the first i splayed twice, then the second is played twice
Chromatic is
Uses all twelve steps within each octave
Which of the following is the term for a Renaissance bowed string instrument played upright?
Viol
Corelli and Vivaldi were widely known as virtuosic performers on what instrument?
Violin
In Bach's Cantata No. 140, the composer uses a steadily treading bass line to provide a driving energy-what is the name of this technique?
Walking bass
What family category is Contrabassoon
Woodwind
Hildegard of Bingen had a vision of flames descending from heaven, touching her in her monastic cell, and revealing the meaning of scriptures-this experience inspired her to do what?
Write poetry and music explaining what she had learned
In Spring by Vivaldi, there is a persistent orchestral figure meant to suggest:
a barking dog
The Mass is ______.
a complex ritual that was and is the symbolic recreation of Christ's Last Supper with the twelve apostles-the principle worship service of the Catholic Church.
Fantasia
a polyphonic composition built around consecutive points of imitation
Triad is
a three-note chord separated by intervals of a third
Divine Office is ______.
an extended series of services beginning at about 4am and continuing at regular intervals throughout the day and evening.
Which term is properly matched to its definition
disjunct: type of melodic motion by "jump" rather than "step"
Whole-tone is
divides the octave into six equal steps
A shawm is a
double-reed instrument
A complete series of *blank* musical pitches is known as a(n) *blank*
eight/ octave
Cadence is
either a rest within or a conclusion at the end of piece of music
Measures is
equal segments of time which contain regular beat patterns
Partials are the
fainter, secondary sounds that are part of musical tone
Britten wrote "the young person's guide to the orchestra" just as world war 1 was ending true or false
false
In dotted note, the dot extends the note by adding twice its value true or false
false
the kithara, a harp-like music, was scorned by plato as he believed its sound to have corrupting effect true or false
false
Pentatonic is
features only five pitches per octave
Diminuendo is
gradually decreasing in volume
Crescendo is
gradually increasing in volume
Mezzo forte is
half loud
Idiophones are
instruments made of solid materials that produce sound when struck or shaken
Aerophones are
instruments that use columns of air to produce sound
Chordophones are
instruments with strings
membranophones are
instruments with tautly stretched membranes that produce sound when struck
Minor is
is eight pitches total, distinguished by its lowered third pitch
Allegretto is
moderately fast
Andante is
moderately slow
Tone is the
musical sound
Match the Gothic architectural innovation to its effect. The flying buttress ______.
offered external support that allowed for taller building
Which statement about Handel's Water Music is true?
originally performed on a barge
Edward Vl
oversaw the publication of the first Book of Common Prayer
The Ordinary are _____.
parts of a larger worship service that remained constant regardless of time of year.
The Proper are _____.
parts of a larger worship service that varied based on holidays, feasts, or seons.
Fundamental is the
principal sound of a musical tone, determined by length or size of vibrating medium
Frequencies are the
rates of vibration that are received by the human ear as sound
Match the Gothic architectural innovation to its effect. The pointed arch _______.
redistributed weight so as seemingly to defy gravity
Dynamics is
relative loudness and softness of pitch
Match the Gothic architectural innovation to its effect. The ribbed vault ______.
required less structural support, allowing for more stained glass windows
Queen Mary
reverted the nation to Catholicism and burned Protestants at the stake as heretics
Queen Elizabeth
reverted to a Protestantism, but used royal power to limit the influence of the most ardent reformers
Pavan
slow, ceremonial dance in duple meter
Where is chamber music ideally performed?
small, intimate settings
Match the national style of secular song to its nation of origin. Villancicos:
spain
Henry Vlll
split from the catholic church by declaring himself head of the english church
Galliard
sprightly, dance in triple meter
Syncopation is
technique in which the accent appears in an unexpected place
Which the correct definition of "tempo"
the basic pace or speed of music
Interval is
the distance between any two pitches
the greek concept that some intervals are fundamentally pleasing while others are naturally harsh and unstable is known as what
the distinction between consonance and dissonance
Which statement about miranda's "Hamilton" is NOT true
the piece traces Hamilton's life starting in his childhood in virginia
For which instrument did Vivaldi NOT compose at least one concerto?
the trombone
Which of the following is NOT an actual feature of the violin?
the violin has five strings
Bar lines
to divide the music into recurring beat patterns
Consider the following statement and choose the best response: "Vivaldi's use of programmatic music was echoed by composers that followed him-for instance, within seventy years of Vivaldi's death Ludwig van Beethoven included bird-calls and thunder in his Pastoral Symphony." True or false
true
The Greek system of "modes," on which much medieval music is based, is similar to our modern scales in that both consist of a stepwise pattern of pitches that fill out an octave. true or false
true
Timbre, or tone color is the quality of sound that differentiates one one instrument from another true or false
true
Musical form can be seen as a compromise between what two necessary factors
unity and variety
Presto is
very fast
Pianissimo is
very soft
"A cappella" music is written for
voices alone
Unison is
when two musicians play or sing the same pitch
A recorder is a ....
wind instrument
