Mink Muscles (Name, Insertion, Origin, Function)

Atlantoscapularis

Origin: Atlas Insertion: Dorsal Edge of scapula Action: Pulls scapula forward

Levator scapulae ventralis

Origin: Atlas Insertion: Metacromion process of scapula Action: Pulls scapula forward

Sternohyoid

Origin: Cartilage of first rib Insertion: Basihyal Action: Pulls tongue backward

External Abdominal Oblique

Origin: Caudal ribs and lumbodorsal fascia Insertion: Linea alba Action: Compresses abdomen and flexes trunk

Clavodeltoid

Origin: Clavicle Insertion: Deltoid ridge of humerus Action: Pulls humerus forward

Cleidomastoid

Origin: Clavicle Insertion: Occiput Action: Turns head

Biceps brachii

Origin: Cranial edge of coracoid process of scapula Insertion: Bicipital tuberosity or radius Action: Flexes the forelimb

Latissimus dorsi

Origin: Dorsal fascia of thorax Insertion: Medial surface of proximal humerus Action: Pulls humerus backward

Spinotrapezius

Origin: Dorsal midline of thorax Insertion: Scapular spine Action: Rotates scapula backwards

Longus colli

Origin: First six thoracic vertebrae and transverse process of cervical vertebrae Insertion: Transverse process of 6th cervical vertebra and centra of cranial cervical vertebrae Action: Bends neck ventrally and laterally

Vastus lateralis

Origin: Greater trochanter of femur Insertion: Vastus medilais and recuts femoris Action: Extends hindlimb

Extensors or Forearm

Origin: Humerus Insertion: Metacarpals/Digits Action: Extends the forearm

Flexors of Forearm

Origin: Humerus Insertion: Phalanges/Metacarpals Action: Flexes the forearm

Sartorius

Origin: Ilium Insertion: Knee Action: Extends hindlimb, adducts thigh

Rectus femoris

Origin: Ilium Insertion: Tibial crest Action: Extends hindlimb

Gluteus maximus

Origin: Ilium and Sacrum Insertion: Femur near greater trochanter Action: Abducts thigh

Tensor fascia lata

Origin: Ilium and fascia of surrounding hip muscles Insertion: Fascia latae covering gluteus medius and vastus lateralis Function: Extends hindlimb

Transversus abdominis

Origin: Inner surface of caudal rib cartilage, transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae, ilium and crural ligament between ilium and pubis Insertion: Linea alba Action: Compresses abdomen and flexes trunk

Semimembranosus

Origin: Ischium Insertion: Medial surface of knee and hindlimb Action: Extends thigh and flexes hindlimb

Brachialis

Origin: Lateral surface of humerus Insertion: ulna Action: Flexes elbow

Dorsoepitrochlearis

Origin: Latissimus dorsi and teres major Insertion: Olecranon process of ulna Action: extends elbow

Internal Abdominal Oblique

Origin: Lumbodorsal fascia and crural ligament between crest of ilium and pelvis Insertion: Linea alba Action: Compresses abdomen and flexes trunk

Geniohyoid

Origin: Mandibular symphysis Insertion: Hyoid apparatus Action: Pulls tongue and hyoid forward

Genioglossus

Origin: Mandibular symphysis Insertion: Tongue Action: Manipulates tongue

Mylohyoid

Origin: Medial surface of mandible Insertion: Basihyal (meets adjacent muscle at midline) Action: Raises floor of mouth

Digastric

Origin: Paraoccipital process and mastoid process Insertion: Ventral surface of mandible Action: Depresses mandible

Rectus abdominis

Origin: Pubic tubercle Insertion: 1st and 2nd costal cartilages and sternum Action: Compresses abdomen and flexes trunk

Adductor longus

Origin: Pubis Insertion: Femur Action: Adducts thigh

Gracilis

Origin: Pubis and ischium Insertion: Medial surface of knee and hindlimb Action: Adducts thigh

Adductor femoris

Origin: Ramus of pubis and ischium Insertion: Shaft of femur Action: Adducts thigh

Triceps Brachii (altogether)

Origin: Scapula/Humerus Insertion: Olecranon process of ulna Action: Extend Elbow

Vastus medialis

Origin: Shaft of femur Insertion: Patella and head of tibia Action: Extends hindlimb

Acromiotrapezius

Origin: Spine of axis to spinous process of 4th thoracic vertebra Insertion: Acromion process of scapula Action: adducts and stabilizes scapula

Splenius

Origin: Spine of first thoracic vertebra Insertion: Lamboidal ridge of skull Action: Elevates head

Rhomboideus capitis

Origin: Spines of first 4 thoracic vertebrae and occiput Insertion: Vertebral border of scapula Action: Adducts scapula and pulls it cranially

Rhomboideus cervicis

Origin: Spines of first 4 thoracic vertebrae and occiput Insertion: Vertebral border of scapula Action: Adducts scapula and pulls it cranially

Rhomboideus thoracis

Origin: Spines of first 4 thoracic vertebrae and occiput Insertion: Vertebral border of scapula Action: Adducts scapula and pulls it cranially

Sternomastoid

Origin: Sternum Insertion: Occiput Action: Turns head

Pectoral Minor

Origin: Sternum Insertion: Pectoral Ridge of humerus Action: Adducts forelimb

Temporalis

Origin: Temporal fossa Insertion: Coronoid process of mandible Action: Lifts mandible

Caudofemoralis

Origin: Transverse processes of second and third caudal vertebrae Insertion: Lateral surface of femur near patella Action: Abducts and extends thigh

Semitendinosus

Origin: Tuberosity of ischium Insertion: Crest of tibia Action: Extends thigh and flexes hindlimb

Biceps femoris

Origin: Tuberosity of ischium Insertion: Dorsal border of tibia and patella Action: Abducts thigh, flexes hindlimb

Masseter

Origin: Zygomatic Arch Insertion: Masseteric fossa of mandible Action: Elevates Mandible

Clavotrapezius

Origin: occiput and dorsal midline of neck Insertion: Clavicle Action: Pulls humerus forward

Pectoralis major

Origin: sternum Insertion: Pectoral ridge of humerus Action: Adducts forelimb