MIS Chapter 1

technical and behavioral

Information systems is divided into what two academic fields ? pg 61-62

Operational management

People who monitor the day-to-day activities of the organization.

Business Functions

consist of sales and marketing, manufacturing and production, finance and accounting, and human resources pg 52

Processing

converts this raw input into a meaningful form pg 49

Computers

provide the equipment for storing and processing information

Operation Excellence

Walmarts "Retail link" is an example of what ? pg 46

Business processes

refer to the set of logically related tasks and behaviors that organizations develop over time to produce specific business results and the unique manner in which these activities are organized and coordinated pg 44

competitive strength.

the ways organizations accomplish their business processes can be a source of what ? pg 44

service workers

those whose work involves providing a service to businesses or individual clients, customers, or consumers rather than manufacturing goods

Management Information Systems (MIS)

tries to achieve this broader information systems literacy. MIS deals with behavioral issues as well as technical issues surrounding the development, use, and impact of information systems used by managers and employees in the firm.

Six Strategic Business Objectives

1. Operational excellence 2. New products, services, and business models 3. Customer and supplier intimacy 4. Improved decision making 5. Competitive advantage 6. Survival

True

Knowing how computers and computer programs work is important in designing solutions to organizational problems, but computers are only part of an information system. True or False pg 50

Digital Firm

Organization where nearly all significant business processes and relationships with customers, suppliers, and employees are digitally enabled, and key corporate assets are managed through digital means. pg 44

Customer and Supplier Intimacy

The Mandarin hotel uses use computers to keep track of guests' preference. This an example of what ? pg 46

Digital firms sense and respond to their environments far more rapidly than traditional firms, giving them more flexibility to survive in turbulent times. True or False

True.

Customer and supplier intimacy

Use information systems to develop strong ties and loyalty with customers and suppliers pg 46

improved decision making

Verizon Corporation, uses a Web-based digital dashboard to provide managers with precise real-time information on customer complaints, network performance for each locality served, and line outages or storm-damaged lines.This an example of ? pg 47

competitive advantage

When firms achieve one or more of these business objectives—operational excellence; new products, services, and business models; customer/supplier intimacy; and improved decision making—chances are they have already achieved what ? pg 47

Complementary Assets

are those assets required to derive value from a primary investment. Ex: to realize value from automobiles requires substantial complementary investments in highways, roads, gas stations etc. pg 58

The assumption to invest in information systems and technology is what ?

assumes that the returns on this investment will be superior to other investments in buildings, machines, or other assets. These superior returns will be expressed as increases in productivity, as increases in revenues pg 57

information system

can be defined technically as a set of interrelated components that collect (or retrieve), process, store, and distribute information to support decision making and control in an organization. pg 48

Input

captures or collects raw data from within the organization or from its external environment

data workers

secretaries or clerks, assist with administrative work at all levels of the firm

sociologists

study information systems with an eye toward how groups and organizations shape the development of systems and also how systems affect individuals, groups, and organizations pg 62.

Psychologists

study information systems with an interest in how human decision makers perceive and use formal information. pg 62

Economists

study information systems with an interest in understanding the production of digital goods, the dynamics of digital markets, and how new information systems change the control and cost structures within the firm. pg 62

technical approach

to information systems emphasizes mathematically based models to study information systems, as well as the physical technology and formal capabilities of these systems

Output

transfers the processed information to the people who will use it or to the activities for which it will be used.

Computer programs,

or software, are sets of operating instructions that direct and control computer processing.

organisation

organization are its people, structure, business processes, politics, and culture. pg 51

Feedback

output returned to appropriate people or activities in the organization to evaluate and refine the input pg 50

middle management

managers who supervise lower-level managers and report to a higher-level manager

Operation Excellence

maximizing the efficiency of the manufacturing or product development process to minimize costs

Space shifting

means that work takes place in a global workshop, as well as within national boundaries. Work is accomplished physically wherever in the world it is best accomplished. pg 44

Time shifting

what refers to business being conducted continuously, 24/7, rather than in narrow "work day" time bands of 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. pg 44

Survival

Citibank introduced the first automated teller machines (ATMs) in the New York region in 1977 to attract customers through higher service levels, its competitors rushed to provide ATMs to their customers to keep up with Citibank. This an example of what ?

business processes,

Developing a new product, generating and fulfilling an order, creating a marketing plan, and hiring an employee are examples of what ? pg 44

information

data that have been shaped into a form that is meaningful and useful to human beings pg 48

A business model

describes how a company produces, delivers, and sells a product or service to create wealth.

Knowledge workers

employees whose main contribution to the organization is specialized knowledge, such as knowledge of customers, a process, or a profession

Culture

fundamental set of assumptions, values, and ways of doing things, that has been accepted by most of its members.

Data

in contrast, are streams of raw facts representing events occurring in organizations or the physical environment before they have been organized and arranged into a form that people can understand and use

Management's

job is to make sense out of the many situations faced by organizations, make decisions, and formulate action plans to solve organizational problems. pg 53

senior management

makes long-range strategic decisions about products and services as well as ensures financial performance of the firm pg 51