MIS terms
Lean
Increases business and process efficiency
Data velocity
Increasing challenge for data mining to manage new data
Moores law
Increasing density of digitizations (transistors)
Gilders law
Increasing speed of communication
Globalization
Increasing the business competition and opportunity
Metcalfes law
Increasing value of networks based on connections
KPI
Key performance indicators (Business metrics)
Six sigma
Reduces process error and variability
The value of an object created by a projection would be same as what function
Sum
Example of Transaction data vs master data
You (Mary Jones) buy one samsung 42-inch tv, part number 1234, from bill roberts at best buy, for $2000, on april 20, 2013. in this example, Master data: "Product Sold," "Vendor," "Salesperson," "Store," "Part number," "Purchase price" and "Date" Transactional data is more specific: "42-Inch samsung tv," "Samsung," "Best buy," "Bill Roberts," "1234," "$2000," and "April 20, 2013"
entity
a specific person, place, or thing or event about which information is maintained
Clickstream Data
data that visitors and customers produce when they visit a website and click on hyperlinks. CD provide a tail of users activities in website. shows viewers tendencies
Transaction data
generated and captured by operational systems/ and they describe the business's activities (AKA transactions)
Exception reporting
identifies metrics outside of tolerance
Knowledge
information that is contextual, relevant, and useful. aka intellectual capital
dashboard
information visualization between tool and decision maker. represents data and easily understood
explicit/explicit
language translation
Commercial (Public) Portal
most popular type of portal; its intended for broad and diverse audiences and offers routine content, some of it in real time
workflow
movement of information as it progresses through the sequence of steps that make up an organizations work procedures
Corporate portal
offers a personalized, single point of access through a web browser to critical business info located inside and outside an organization AKA: Enterprise portals, information portals
affinity portal
opposite of commercial portal, it offers a single point of entry to an entire community of affiliated interests, such as hobby or political group
Structured problem
optimal solution can be reached through single set of steps using a algorithm
what is a business value of data base?
organize, analysis and decision making, communicate and collaborate
Management
process by which organization achieves its goal through the use of resources (people, money, materials, info)
Master Data management
process that spans all organizational business process and applications. it provides companies with the ability to store, maintain, exchange, and synchronize a consistent, accurate, and timely "single version of the truth" for the company's master data
record
refers to collection of items that are all related to a single unique value
Data Rot
refers to problems of media in which the data are stored. over time, temperature, humidity, and exposure to light can cause physical problems with storage media and thus make it difficult to access the data. See term sheet for second factor
Master Data
set of core data, such as a customer, product, employee, vendor, geographic location, and so on, that span the enterprise information systems
foreign key
shared field that allows relational tables to link one another and minimize data redundancy (Teacher id) NOT UNIQUE
Bit
smallest unit a computer can process
Tacit, Sticky knowledge
subjective
Tacit/tacit
ua homecoming traditions
teleconferencing
use of electronic communication technology that enables two or more people at different locations to have conference
data inconsistency
various copies of data don't agree. maintaining multiple copies of the same data in multiple information systems that can be independently updated
Internet telephony
voice over internet protocol or VoIP, phone calls are treated as another type of data
Portal
web-based, personalized gateway to info and knowledge that provides relevant information from different IT systems and the internet using advanced search techniques
Knowledge management (KM)
...process that helps organization manipulate important knowledge that comprises part of organizations memory, usually in an unstructured format
Interpersonal roles
1. Figure head/ leader 2. monitor, disseminator, spokesman, analyzer 3. decisional roles: entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, negotiator
What is the 3 phase decision making process?
1. Intelligence Phase (scoping): collect and translate data into knowledge -- What is the problem? 2. Design Phase (Algorithm): Select a method for considering data -- What are my options? 3. Choice Phase (Execution): Collect alternative -- Pick an option and how to implement it
UA Course Planner Abilities
1. adjust and personalize schedule 2. changing the order of courses 3. double major req. 4. considering new major (What-if)
CSF
Critical success factor: Issue central to the success of task
KMS Cycle (6 Parts)
1. Create Knowledge 2. capture Knowledge 3. refine knowledge 4. store knowledge 5. manage knowledge 6. disseminate knowledge
Purposes of knowledge
1. Descriptive 2. Procedural 3. Reasoning
Data mining
Detection, characterization, and exploitation of actionable patterns in business data
Managers
People who oversee this process (management) in an attempt to optimize it. manager's success measured by ratio between inputs and outputs for which he is responsible. ratio is indication of organizations productivity
SCOR
Provides strategic focus and business alignment
Leaky knowledge
Same as explicit knowledge
data warehouse
a repository of historical data that are organized by subject to support decision makers in the organization."
attribute
a specific characteristic of a particular entity class. students>student name>email>id
primary key
attribute that identifies a record. Must be unique
Variety
big data includes a huge variety of different data in different data formats
parameters
categories of data considered in algorithm
Data Integrity
data meet certain constraints; for example, there are no alphabetical digits in social security field
Field
group of words or ID numbers
Explicit knowledge
objective, rational
Data Redundancy
the same data stored in multiple locations
Drill down
accessing the supporting detailed data
nearest neighbor
also known as proximity search, similarity search or closest point search, is an optimization problem for finding closest (or most similar) points
entity class
an abstract representation of all attributes of particular type of entity
unstructured problem
an algorithm doesn't exist, very complex options, requires time to solve
Data independence
applications and data are independent of one another that is applications and data aren't linked to each other so all applications are able to access same data
data isolation
applications can't access data associated w/ other application
Data Governance
approach to managing information across an entire organization. it involves formal set of business processes and policies that are designed to ensure that data are handled in a certain, well-defined fashion
electronic chat
arrangement whereby participants exchange controversial message in real time
Data Security
because data are "put in one place" in databases, there is a risk of losing a lot of data at once. that's why they have high security
Volume
big data consists of vast quantities of data
Velocity
big data flows into an organization at incredible speeds
Business Intelligence (BI)
broad category of applications, technologies and processes for gathering, storing, accessing, and analyzing data to help business users make better decisions.
tacit/explicit
business franchises
Data File
collection of logically related records
explicit/tacit
company "norms"
Algorithm
computed sequence of steps
Search engine
computer program that searches for specific information by ket words and phrases