missed/hard question part 2

Spine-like pseudopods are characteristic for the trophozoite for which amoeba?

Acanthamoeba species

Which stain is used specifically to detect Histoplasma capsulatum in blood and bone marrow? a. Periodic acid-Schiff b. Fontana-Masson c. Calcofluor white d. Giemsa

d. Giemsa

Which of the following statements reflect accurate identifications of Enterococcus species? a. Gram positive cocci in chains, catalase negative, esculin positive, PYR negative: Enterococcus species. b. Gram positive cocci in pairs, catalase negative, esculin positive, PYR positive, vancomycin intermediate, nonmotile, nonpigmented: Enterococcus gallinarum. c. Gram positive cocci in pairs or chains, catalase negative, black colonies on bile esculin agar, no growth in 6.5% salt broth: Enterococcus species. d. Gram positive cocci in pairs or chains, catalase negative, esculin positive, PYR positive, vancomycin intermediate, motile, yellow pigment: Enterococcus casseliflavus.

d. Gram positive cocci in pairs or chains, catalase negative, esculin positive, PYR positive, vancomycin intermediate, motile, yellow pigment: Enterococcus casseliflavus.

Which organism matches the reactions shown? Left tube: Motility agar (note subsurface flare) Middle tube: Esculin hydrolysis (+) Right tube: Voges-Proskauer(VP) (+) a. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae b. Arcanobacterium haemolyticum c. Corynebacterium spp. d. Listeria monocytogenes

d. Listeria monocytogenes

Neisseria species can be traditionally differentiated by their fermentation of sugars. Identify the biochemical reaction that goes with the correct species of Neisseria given. a. N. gonorrheae = Glucose +, maltose -, lactose + b. N. lactamica =Glucose -, maltose -, lactose - c. N. cinera = Glucose +, maltose +, lactose + d. N. meningitidis = Glucose +, maltose +, lactose -

d. N. meningitidis = Glucose +, maltose +, lactose -

What is the proper method for examining a trichrome-stained smear using bright field microscopy? a. Scan the slide using fluorescent microscopy, not bright field microscopy. b. Scan the thick areas of the slide using oil immersion (100X) only. c. Scan the thin areas of the slide on low power (10X or 40X) only. d. Scan the slide on low power (10X or 40X) first, then switch to oil immersion (100X) and scan the thin areas of the slide.

d. Scan the slide on low power (10X or 40X) first, then switch to oil immersion (100X) and scan the thin areas of the slide.

Illustrated in the top photograph are colonies on blood agar after 48-hour growth at 37° C incubation. The colonies are non-hemolytic, small, entire, smooth, and gray-white. Small Gram-positive cocci arranged in short chains are seen on Gram stain as illustrated in the lower photomicrograph. The key to the identification is the rapid production of esculin and not growing in 6.5% NaCl broth. What is the identification of this organism? a. Enterococcus species b. Streptococcus agalactiae c. Streptococcus pyogenes d. Streptococcus equinus

d. Streptococcus equinus

What is the term for human infection from a blood and tissue Nematode? a. Schistosomiasis b. Filariasis c. Zoonoses d. Swimmer's itch

b. Filariasis

Many organisms have developed resistance to antibiotics. What mode of resistance has MRSA acquired? a. Acquisition of new targets b. Enzymatic inactivation of antibiotics c. Efflux d. Target site modification

a. Acquisition of new targets

What organism matches the tissue morphological features of separate hyphae, 5-10 µm in diameter that exhibit dichotomous branching? a. Aspergillus species b. Histoplasma capsulatum c. Blastomyces species d. Coccidioides species

a. Aspergillus species

Cultures from a post-abdominal cellulitis specimen grew Gram-negative pleomorphic rods with the following characteristics: Grows on KV agar but does not show fluorescenceProduces black colonies BBE agarResistant to penicillin Which of the following is the MOST likely identification? a. Bacteroides fragilis b. Fusobacterium nucleatum c. Prevotella species d. Veillonella species

a. Bacteroides fragilis

Which of the following is a selective media recommended for the isolation of Clostridioides difficile? a. Cefoxitin-cycloserine-fructose agar (CCFA) b. Buffered-charcoal yeast extract(BCYE) agar c. Kanamycin Vancomycin laked blood (LKV) agar d. Thiosulphate citrate bile salts sucrose (TCBS) agar

a. Cefoxitin-cycloserine-fructose agar (CCFA)

A 35-year-old man presented to his doctor with fever, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and epigastric discomfort. Upon questioning the patient, it was learned that he travels extensively for business and loves to try new varieties of raw fish. The patient is most likely suffering from: a. Clonorchiasis b. Sheep liver rot c. Paragonimiasis d. Schistosomiasis

a. Clonorchiasis (Chinese liver fluke)

Which one of these parasites is hermaphroditic in its adult phase? a. Clonorchis sinensis b. Schistosoma haematobium c. Wuchereria bancrofti d. Trichuris trichiura

a. Clonorchis sinensis

What nematode egg is characteristically flattened on one side? a. Enterobius vermicularis b. Paragonimus westermani c. Schistosoma japonicum d. Trichuris trichiura

a. Enterobius vermicularis

The long, pencil-shaped, multi-celled, thin, and smooth-walled macroconidia a. Exserohilum species b. Bipolaris species c. Drechslera species d. Candida species

a. Exserohilum species

large spherical ovum measuring 130 µm that was found in a stool specimen. These ova often have brown staining that suggests passage through a biliary duct on its way to the large intestine. Based on the appearance of this ovum, select the correct presumptive identification. a. Fasciola hepatica b. Schistosoma haematobium c. Clonorchis sinensis d. Paragonimus westermani

a. Fasciola hepatica

A microbiologist was surprised when he could not recover Helicobacter pylori from gastric biopsies in which organisms were seen in the tissue sections. He was advised to switch from the Campy BAP selective medium to Skirrow's blood agar because the latter is: a. Free of cephalothin b. Incorporates lysed horse instead of sheep blood c. Free of amphotericin B d. Has reduced concentrations of vancomycin and trimethoprim

a. Free of cephalothin

Each of the following laboratory characteristics can be used to separate Bacteroides fragilis from the closely related Prevotella/Porphyromonas group of anaerobes EXCEPT: a. Indole production b. Produce brick red fluorescence under UV light c. Growth in 20% bile d. Esculin hydrolysis

a. Indole production

An 18-year-old woman woke up in the morning to find that her left knee was hot, swollen, and very painful. She could not walk to work and a friend offered her a ride to the clinic. She had never had a swollen joint before. Physical exam revealed a tender knee joint which yielded purulent synovial fluid on aspiration. Gram-negative intracellular diplococci were seen on the Gram stain. She also had a cervical discharge that was cultured. The cause of her infection would grow best on: a. Modified Thayer Martin (MTM) agar at 35º C with CO2 b. LIM (Todd Hewitt Broth w/Colistin and Nalidixic Acid) broth with refrigerated temperature c. Blood agar at 42º C with microaerophilic conditions d. V (human blood) agar at 35º C with CO2

a. Modified Thayer Martin (MTM) agar at 35º C with CO2

Which of the following parasites may be contracted by swimming in contaminated water? a. Schistosoma japonicum b. Taenia species c. Clonorchis sinensis d. Hymenolepis diminuta

a. Schistosoma japonicum

This bacterial species shows good growth in 48 hours of entire, white, smooth, non-hemolytic colonies on blood agar (image to the left in the composite), and lightly pink pigmented, smooth entire colonies on chocolate agar (image to the right in the composite). This species is included in the class of motile, oxidase-positive non-fermenters, indigenous in the respiratory tract of domestic animals, but can cause human sinusitis and pneumonia in animal caretakers. Carbohydrate utilization is asaccharolytic except for oxidative utilization of maltose, as illustrated in the lower composite image -- a key reaction is rapid urease production, and nitrates are reduced as also illustrated in the lower composite photograph. Based on these observations, select from the multiple choices the identification of this isolate. a.Bordetella bronchiseptica b.Alcaligenes faecalis c. Acinetobacter baumannii d. Oligelia ureolytica

a.Bordetella bronchiseptica

A patient grew out a Staphylococcus lugdunensis and after susceptibility testing, the isolate gave results indicating probable resistance to oxacillin. Which of the following is the best method to detect the mec-A gene to determine if the organism has true oxacillin resistance? a. Oxacillin agar screen b. Cefoxitin disk diffusion c. Vancomycin agar screen d. D-zone test

b. Cefoxitin disk diffusion

the acid/acid reaction shown in the photograph of a Triple Sugar Iron (TSI) Agar reaction tube indicates the recovery of a bacterial species that ferments both glucose and lactose. Also, the absence of the formation of any black pigment indicates one of the Enterobacteriaceae that does not produce hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Select the species producing this acid/acid, H2S negative reaction. a. Proteus mirabilis b. Escherichia coli c. Providencia stuartii d. Salmonella species

b. Escherichia coli

A sample of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from a patient with Hodgkin's disease was submitted to the laboratory for microscopic examination. Motile organisms with a spherical nucleus and large karyosome as represented by this illustration were observed in the specimen. This organism is known to cause: a. Parasitic meningitis b. Granulomatous amebic encephalitis c. Leishmaniasis d. None; considered non-pathogenic

b. Granulomatous amebic encephalitis

Which of the following organisms has been isolated from nasal secretions and causes atrophic rhinitis, a tissue-destructive disorder in the nose? a.ronobacter sakazakii b. Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. ozaenae c. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis d. Morganella morganii

b. Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. ozaenae

Enterococcus spp. are commonly resistant to all of the following antimicrobial drug types EXCEPT: a. Aminoglycosides b. Phenicols c. Beta-lactams d. Glycopeptides

b. Phenicols

The oocyst for this organism typically contains two mature sporocysts; however, in patient specimens the sporocysts (containing four sporozoites) that are released from the oocyst are seen singly. Which of the following organisms does this represent? a. Cystoisospora belli b. Sarcocystis species c. Cryptosporidium parvum d. Blastocystis hominis

b. Sarcocystis species

The class of protozoa with no apparent organelles for locomotion is known as: a. Mastigophora b. Sporozoa c. Ciliata d. Sarcodina

b. Sporozoa

A CSF spinal shunt specimen grew out an Enterococcus species. What parasitic species should be of concern when an Enterococcus species is isolated from a spinal fluid? a. Trichuris trichiura b. Strongyloides stercoralis c. Necator americanus d. Ancylostoma duodenale

b. Strongyloides stercoralis

A specimen is suspected to contain which one of the following organisms because it may be cultured by placing it on an agar plate with an overlay growth of Escherichia coli? a. Entamoeba coli b. Schistosoma japonicum c. Acanthamoeba species d. Taenia species

c. Acanthamoeba species

Which derivative of PCR testing uses short primers not specifically complementary to a particular sequence of a target DNA? a. Multiplex PCR b. Nested PCR c. Arbitrary primed PCR d. Quantitative PCR

c. Arbitrary primed PCR

The mechanism by which certain strains of Enterococcus species have developed resistance to the synergistic combination of an aminoglycoside and beta-lactam antibiotics is considered: a. Alteration of penicillin binding proteins b. Beta lactamase activity against the beta-lactam moiety c. High level gentamicin resistance d. Efflux of antibiotics from the bacterial cell

c. High level gentamicin resistance

The Knott technique is used to identify: a. Plasmodium vivax b. Babesia microti c. Loa loa d. Strongyloides stercoralis

c. Loa loa

The following are described as rapid growing, opportunistic fungi that are differentiated based on the presence of sporangiospores, the shape of the columella, the presence or absence of rhizoids, and the location of the rhizoids on the stolon. a. Aspergillus species b. Penicillium species c. Mucorales species d. Dermatophyte species

c. Mucorales species

Patients with a diagnosis of malaria who have fever spikes spanning three or four days, are said to have "quartan malaria". Illustrated in the upper photomicrograph is a high power view of a stained peripheral blood smear. Note the infected red blood cell that contains a developing band-shaped trophozoite that distinctively "bridges" between the opposite erythrocyte membranes. The lower photomicrograph illustrates the schizont stage of development in which segments are arranged as a rosette around a central aggregate of malarial pigment. Which of the Plasmodium species is represented in these images? a. Plasmodium vivax b. Plasmodium falciparum c. Plasmodium malariae d. Plasmodium ovale

c. Plasmodium malariae

Which of the following stool pathogens would demonstrate the following reactions: TSI: A/A with H2S production LIA: R/A a. Morganella spp. b. Providencia spp. c. Proteus spp. d. Citrobacter spp.

c. Proteus spp.

A sorbitol fermenting organism from a stool specimen is growing on MacConkey with sorbitol agar. The tech decides to double-check for E.coli O157:H7 and serological testing is performed. The serological testing used to identify the somatic antigen (O157) is positive for agglutination. Quality control also passed. What should the tech do next? a. Report out the organism as E.coli O157:H7 b. Repeat the serological testing to confirm c. Set up biochemical or other testing to identify the organism d. Report out the organism as E.coli, not E.coli O157

c. Set up biochemical or other testing to identify the organism

A Staphylococcus species recovered from blood culture was found to produce acid from sucrose and maltose and showed alkaline phosphatase activity. The Staphylococcus was also coagulase-negative. The same organism was also found in a culture from the central line tip. The most likely identification is: a. Staphylococcus saprophyticus b. Staphylococcus schleiferi c. Staphylococcus epidermidis d. Staphylococcus aureus

c. Staphylococcus epidermidis

This obligate intracellular parasite may be transmitted to humans through accidental ingestion of infective oocysts from cat feces; typically from gardening or changing a litterbox. a. Babesia species b. Trypanosoma cruzi c. Toxoplasma gondii d. Leishmania species

c. Toxoplasma gondii

The organisms Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, and Escherichia coli can produce carbapenemases due to which of the following genes? a. mec A b. van A c. blaKPC d. erm

c. blaKPC

Which organism may be recovered from the eye of a patient suffering from keratitis? a. Entamoeba histolytica b. Paragonimus spp. c. Trichinella spp. d. Acanthamoeba spp.

d. Acanthamoeba spp.

Which of the following protozoa has largest trophozoite? a. Entamoeba histolytica trophozoite b. Endolimax nana trophozoite c. Iodamoeba butschlii trophozoite d. Balantidium coli trophozoite

d. Balantidium coli trophozoite

A tech receives a call from the floor regarding antimicrobial therapy. The patient culture yielded an aerobic Gram-negative bacillus and the physician would like to use an antibiotic that inhibits cell wall synthesis. Which of the following antibiotics would be the best choice? a. Gentamycin b. Tetracycline c. Ciprofloxacin d. Cefazolin

d. Cefazolin