Mitigation Final

Insurance

the equitable transfer of the risk of a loss, from one entity to another in exchange for payment

Risk

the potential losses associated with a hazard, defined in terms of expected probability and frequency, exposure and consequenses

Vulnerability Assessment

the process of identifying, quantifying, and prioritizing (ranking) the vulnerabilities in a system

Recurrence Interval

the time between hazard events of similar size in a given location

Repetitive Loss Property

those with 2 or more losses of at least $1,000 each have been paid under the NFIP within any 10 year period since 1978.

National Preparedness Goal

"a secure and resilient nation with the capabilities required across the whole community to prevent, protect against, mitigate, respond to, and recover from the threats and hazards that pose the greatest risk."

The THIRA process

1. Identify threats and hazards of concern 2. Give threats and hazards context 3. Establish capability targets 4. Apply the results

Mission Areas Identifies in the PPD-8

1. Prevention 2. Protection 3. Mitigation 4. Response 5. Recovery

4 Categories of Credit

1. Public Information 2. Mapping and regulation 3. Flood damage reduction 4. Flood preparedness

Two Levels of State Plans

1. Standard Plans 2. Enhanced Plans

Robert T. Stafford Act

1988. It constitutes the statutory authority for most federal disaster response activities especially as they pertain to FEMA and FEMA programs. It was later amended by DMA 2000 and was amended again by PETS 2006.

WHO NEEDS A PLAN?

County. Incorporated City. Public Authority. School District. Special District. Council of Governments. Indian Tribe.

STAPLE/E

Criteria to evaluate a mitigation plan/action Social Technical Administrative Political Legal Economic Environmental

Project Impact

Identify and build constructive partnership within communities Identify and examine potential risks for disasters Guide communities with targeting financial resources Emphasize community resilience

Steps in the Risk Assessment Process

Identify hazards Profile hazard events Inventory assets and population (impact and vulnerability assessment) Estimate losses Describe land uses and vulnerability trends Form conclusions

Benefit Cost Review (BCR)

Includes the qualitative benefits of implementing a particular action. For example: quality of life, natural benefits, etc. Human life = $1.74 million

SLOSH: Sea, Lakes, Overland, Surges from Hurricanes Model.

It is a computerized model developed by the National Weather Service to estimate storm surge depths resulting from historical, hypothetical, or predicted hurricanes.

PPD-8: Presidential Policy Directive 8

Organized around six elements: • National Preparedness Goal • National Preparedness System • National Planning Framework • Federal Interagency Operational Plans • Annual National Preparedness Report • Ongoing effort to build and sustain preparedness

Mitigation Actions

Specific proposals for reaching mitigation goals. Actions articulate how goals will be attained.

SHMO and HIPO

State Hazard Mitigation Officer and Historic Preservation Officer

Plan Update Cycles

States: 3 years County: 5 years

Flood Mitigation Assistance Program

program provides funds for projects to reduce or eliminate risk of flood damage to buildings that are insured under the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) on an annual basis.

National Flood Insurance Program

Three Aspects: 1. Floodplain Identification and Mapping 2. Floodplain Management 3. Flood Insurance

Community Rating System (CRS)

provides reduced NFIP premiums to policyholders in communities that undertake specified measures to reduce flood hazard risks

Benefit Cost Analysis (BCA)

quantitative procedure that assesses the desirability of a hazard mitigation project by taking a long-term view of avoided future damages to insurable structures as compared to the cost of the project.

Severe Repetitive Loss Property

residential properties that have at least 4 NFIP PAYMENTS OVER $5,000 EACH and the cumulative amount of such claims exceeds $20,000, or at least two separate claim payments within the cumulative amount exceeding the market value of the building.

Emergency Operations Plan

a plan which guides emergency responders when prompt and effective response actions are needed. Includes these four things: 1) emergency assessment, 2) hazard operations, 3) population protection, 4) incident management.

Probability

a statistical measure of the likelihood that a hazard will occur.

THIRA

a tool that allows a jurisdiction to understand its threats and hazards and how the impacts may vary according to time of occurrence, season, location, and other community factors. This knowledge helps a jurisdiction establish informed and defensible capability targets

State Preparedness Report (SPR)

an annual capability assessment. The Post-Katrina Emergency Management Reform Act of 2006 (PKEMRA) requires an SPR from any state/territory receiving federal preparedness assistance administered by the Department of Homeland Security. Each state submits an SPR to FEMA

HAZUS-HM

computer modeling system developed by FEMA to estimate losses from earthquake hazards, high winds and flooding. NOT wildfire.

Mitigation Goals

general guidelines that describe what the community hopes to achieve. Are usually broad, policy-type statements

Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000

new section emphasized the need for state, tribal, and local entities to closely coordinate mitigation plans as a condition of disaster assistance, creates incentives for increased coordination--"standard" v. "enhanced" plans.