Mixtures,Solutions, Componds and Elements test

Examples of heterogeneous mixtures

* Sand and pebbles. * Oil and water. * Powdered iron and powdered sulfur.

Homogeneous Mixtures

*A mixture that appears to be the same throughout. *It is "well mixed." * The particles that make up the mixture are very small and not easily recognizable.

Solutions

*A solution is a type homogeneous mixture formed when one substance dissolves in another. *It is the best mixed of all mixtures. *A solution always has a substance that is dissolving and a substance that does the dissolving. *The substance that is dissolved is the solute and the substance that does the dissolving is the solvent.

Compounds

*Compounds are also pure substance. *But compounds are made from more than one element. *Water is a compound. *Water can be broken down into simpler substance-hydrogen and oxygen.

If the answer is no, the matter is a heterogenous mixture.

*Considered the "least mixed." * Does not appear to be the same throughout. * Particles are large enough to be seen and to be separted from the mixture.

Elements

*Elements are the simplest pure substance. *An element can not be changed into a simpler substance by heating or any chemical process. *The smallest particle of an element that has the properties of that element is called an atom. * An atom is the basic building block of matter. * There are more than one hundred known elements in the universe listed on the periodic table of elements. *These elements combine in such a way to create millions of compounds. *All elements are made of atoms. *Atoms of the same element are alike. * Atoms of different elements are different. *In 1813, a system of representing elements with symbols as introdued. * Each symbol consists of one or two letters. * Two letters are needed for a chemical symbol when the first letter of that element's name has already been used.

Colloids

*In a colloid the particles are mixed together but not dissolved. * The particles are relatively trage and are kept permanently suspended. *A colloid will not separate upon standing. *The particles are constantly colloiding, and this allows a colloid to scatter light- thus colloids often seem cloudy.

Water as a solvent

*Many liquid solutions contain water as the solvent. *Ocean water is basically a water solution that contains many salts. *Body fluids are also water solutions.

Examples of Homogeneous Mixtures

*Milk *toothpaste

Why does a helium filled ballon float up when it is release?

A helium filled ballon will float up when released because helium is less dense than air

Aluminum is produced by breaking down the compound ___________ _______

Aluminum Oxide

Which of the following is not a physical or chemical change?

B.weighing

What compound us used by plants in photosynthesis to make carbohydrates?

Carbon dioxide

Which elements make up the compound that helps give carbonated beverages their "fizz"?

Carbon, Oxygen, and hydrogen

What compound helps give carbonated beverages their "fizz"?

Carbonic acid

The only way to break down a compound is through a[n]________ _______

Chemical Change

A poisonous, greenish yellow gas.

Chlorine

A mixture of particles that are relatively small and well mixed.

Colloid

When two or more elements are joined by chemical bonds to form a new pure substance, we call that new substance a[n]______

Compound

When two or more materials combine chemically, they form a[n]________

Compound

Which of the following is Not true about compounds?

Compounds are random combinations of elements.

A measure of the amount of solute dissolved in a solvent is called ________.

Concentration

Which of the following statements is true about the properties of compounds?

Each compound has its own physical properties

Can it be separated by physical means?

If the answer is no,the matter is a pure substance. *An element *Or a compound

Can it be sepatated by physical means?

If the answer is yes, the matter is a homogeneous mixture or solution.

Is it uniform throughout?

If the answer is yes, the matter is homogeneous [looks the same throughout].

Which of the following does NOT describe a suspension?

Particles are soluble

_______ particles tend to dissolve faster than larger ones.

Smaller

A soft, silvery white metal that reacts violently with water.

Sodium

Table salt.

Sodium chloride

Salt is ______ in water because it dissolves in water.

Soluble

In a gaseous or liquid solution, the volume of solvent is greater than the volume of ______.

Solute

The ______is the part of the solution that is dissolved.

Solute

In a solution, the _______ is the substance that is dissolved and the _____is the substance in which it is dissolved.

Solute Solvent

A mixture of two or more uniformly dispersed substance.

Solution

The________ is the part of the solution that does the dissolving.

Solvent

Water is often called the universal _______

Solvent

A mixture of particles that are large enough to scatter or block light.

Suspension

Muddy river water is an example of a ________.

Suspension

What are some common properties that most terriers share?

Terriers are small and they have short hair

Which of the following is NOT true of solutions?

They appear to be more than one substance

In a colloid the particles are _____.

Visible

The Universal solvent:

Water

Mixture -

a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined.

Solution-

a homogenous mixture of two or more substances uniformly dispersed throughout a single phase.

Colloid-

a mixture consisting or tiny particles that are intermediate in size between those in solutions and those in suspensions and that are suspended in a liquid, solid or gas.

Suspension-

a mixture in which particles of a material are more or less evenly dispersed throughout a liquid or gas.

Element-

a pure substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical or chemical means.

Pure Substance-

a sample of matter, either a single element or single compound that has definite chemical and physical properties.

Compound-

a substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds.

A solid solution of metals or nonmetals dissolved in metals is a[n] ______.

alloy

An ____is metal made of two or more solids.

alloy

Nonmetal-

an element that conducts heat and electricity poorly.

Metalloid-

an element that has properties of both metals and nonmetals.

Metal-

an element that is shiny and that conducts heat and electricity well.

The amount of an element present does not affect the element's _______ ________

characteristic properties

Solubility of gases in liquids tends to _______ with an increase in temperature.

decrease

The process in which particles of substance separate and spread evenly through a mixture is known as _________

dissolving

A pure substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical or chemical means is a(n) _____

element

A compound is different from the ______ that reacted to form it.

elements

A _______ mixture is not well mixed

heterogeneous

A ________ mixture is the same throughout.

homogeneous

Solvent-

in a solution, the substance in which the solute dissolves.

Solute

in a solution, the substance that dissolves in the solvent.

Solubility of solids in liquids tends to _______with an increase in temperature.

increase

An element that is shiny and that conducts heat and electric current is a(n) _____

metal

Elements that have properties of both metals and nonmetals are _______

metalloids

A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined is a[n]_______

mixture

A pizza is a[n]_____

mixture

An element that conducts heat and electric current poorly, and can be a solid, liquid or gas is a(n) ________

nonmetal

All elements can be classified as metals, metalloids, or _______

nonmetals

A substance that contains only one type of particle is a(n) ______ ______

pure substance

Compounds:

pure substances that are the unions of two or more elements. They can be broken into simpler substances by chemcial means.

List three examples of compounds you encounter every day.

salt, water, and sugar

Elements:

simplest form of pure substance. They cannot be broken into anything else by physical or chemical means.

Ocean water is a ______.

solution

Solubility is dependent on ______ and ________.

temperature pressure

Solubility-

the ability of one substance to dissolve in another at a given temperature and pressure.

Concentration-

the amount of a particular substance in a given quantity of a mixture.

Mixture:

two or more substances that are not chemically combined with each other and can be separted by physical means. The substances in a mixture retain their individual properties. *Solutions- a special kind of mixture where one substance dissolves in another.