MKT 230 Exam 2

After purchasing a product, postpurchase evaluation may result in cognitive dissonance. Cognitive dissonance is a. doubts that occur because the buyer questions whether the decision to purchase the product was right. b. the congruence between external and internal searches for product information. c. a function of the manner in which the manufacturer of the product describes its attributes. d. dissatisfaction with the purchase. e. the establishment of criteria for comparing products.

a. doubts that occur because the buyer questions whether the decision to purchase the product was right.

Shane spends most of his free time participating in extreme sports and traveling to exotic locations with a group of close friends who share his interests and opinions about most things. This is a description of Shane's a. lifestyle. b. role. c. self-concept. d. attitudes. e. personality.

a. lifestyle.

The width of a product mix is measured by the number of product a. lines a company offers. b. specialties a company offers. c. features in each brand. d. items in the product line. e. dimensions in the product line.

a. lines a company offers.

MADD (Mothers Against Drunk Driving) is a nonprofit organization that primarily markets a. tangible products. b. goods. c. features. d. services. e. ideas.

e. ideas.

Brand equity is a customer's favorable attitude toward a specific brand and, depending on strength, some likelihood of consistent purchase of the brand when needs for a product in this product category arise. True False

False

When the value of imports outweighs the value of exports, there is a trade surplus. True False

False

Protectionism refers to countries' use of legal barriers, exchange barriers, and psychological barriers to restrict the entry of unwanted goods. True False

True

Dannon Yogurt represents what type of product for most consumers? a. Convenience b. Durable c. Specialty d. Business e. Shopping

a. Convenience

Mattel has a contractual agreement to let Colgate use the Barbie name and image on kids' toothpaste and toothbrushes. Colgate pays Mattel a fee for the use of the Barbie name and image. This is an example of __________. a. brand licensing b. co-branding c. mixed branding d. brand equity e. brand personality

a. brand licensing

Procter & Gamble makes at least eight different laundry detergents. This is most relevant to the issue of a. depth of product mix. b. product mix consistency. c. a market mix. d. width of product mix. e. a promotion mix.

a. depth of product mix.

A run-out policy of product deletion a. exploits any strengths left in the product. b. occurs when production cannot keep pace with demand because of material shortages. c. is an immediate-drop decision. d. raises the price of the product continually to secure as much profit as possible before the product is priced out of the market. e. lets the product decline without changing the product strategy

a. exploits any strengths left in the product.

All of the following are marketer-dominated sources of information except a. friends. b. salespeople. c. displays. d. advertising. e. packaging.

a. friends.

Coca-Cola has expanded to Diet Coke, Cherry Coke, and Caffeine-free Coke, to name a few. These are examples of a. product line extensions. b. product lining. c. functional modifications. d. aesthetic modifications. e. product modifications.

a. product line extensions.

The ____ is the difference in value between a nation's exports and its imports. a. net trade value b. export/import ratio c. gross domestic product d. balance of payments e. balance of trade

e. balance of trade

In your market research into the buying behavior of a target market, you have confirmed that members of the group do in fact exhibit varying levels of involvement when buying certain products. For example, you confirmed the group has a __________ level of involvement when they are purchasing cars and clothing. When they are shopping for groceries, they exhibit a __________ level of involvement. a. Low; High b. High; Low c. Enduring; High d. High; Enduring e. Low; Enduring

b. High; Low

The ____________________ is primarily responsible for regulating world trade, making sure nation-states adhere to the rules laid down in trade treaties signed by its member states, eliminating trade barriers, and facilitating the establishment of additional multinational agreements between its member states. a. European Union b. World Trade Organization c. World Bank d. International Monetary Fund e. United Nations Development Program

b. World Trade Organization

Morgan is interested in upgrading to a new sofa for her apartment. Morgan looks online to see what new models her favorite sofa brand has available and can get information on the style and color; however, she can't actually sit on the sofa to determine its comfort level. Morgan is able to evaluate the __________ modifications to the sofa, but not the __________ . a. functional; aesthetic b. aesthetic; functional c. aesthetic; quality d. quality; aesthetic e. functional; quality

b. aesthetic; functional

The three major types of reference groups are: a. memberships, aspirational, and advocacy. b. aspirational, disassociative, and membership. c. advocacy, avoidance, and approach. d. actual, implied, and desired. e. family, peer group, and media.

b. aspirational, disassociative, and membership.

The phase of new-product development in which a small sample of potential buyers are presented with a product idea through a written or oral description in order to determine their attitudes and initial buying intentions regarding the product is called a. customer response testing. b. concept testing. c. screening. d. idea analysis. e. test marketing.

b. concept testing.

The stage of the product life cycle when marketers consider eliminating products that are not contributing to profitability or the overall effectiveness of a product mix is the _________ stage. a. growth b. decline c. maturity d. reorganization e. introduction

b. decline

High school seniors who are trying to decide which college to attend; and newlyweds looking to buy their first home exhibit the same behavior with respect to their level of involvement in their buying process. Which of the following best describes this common buying behavior? a. Intensive problem solving behavior b. Rationalized problem solving behavior c. Extended problem solving behavior d. Routinized problem solving behavior e. Limited problem solving behavior

c. Extended problem solving behavior

Ava, a purchasing agent for Trailsend Transport, is currently buying carpet from CarpetOne Inc. for use in an office area at Trailsend. While she is discussing the details of this carpet, the representative from CarpetOne tells her that she can see the actual product in one of their retail stores before finalizing the purchase. While in the retail store at CarpetOne, Ava not only approves the purchase for the office, but also decides she would like to purchase some of the same carpet for her home. The first carpet purchase is considered a ____ and the second carpet purchase is considered to be a ______. a. business product; business product b. consumer product; consumer product c. business product; consumer product d. consumer product; business product e. personal purchase; business purchase

c. business product; consumer product

A customer shopping for a fax machine tells a salesperson that it is important for the fax machine to have several attributes. It must use plain paper, be able to make copies, be compatible with all other fax machines, and not require a separate phone line. The buyer has express his or her a. framing characteristics. b. information search criteria. c. evaluative criteria. d. service characteristics. e. consideration set.

c. evaluative criteria.

Compared to the foreign environment variables, which of the following uncontrollable variables is least likely to affect a domestic marketer? a. Political forces b. Competitive structure c. Economic climate d. Cultural forces e. Legal forces

d. Cultural forces

Grant Turner makes an appointment to visit with a new dermatologist in town because of a recent bad sunburn. When he arrives at the dermatologist's office, Grant notices a foul odor in the air, worn floor coverings, cluttered rooms that have paint peeling from the walls, and poor lighting. However, the other patients in the waiting room were talking about how much they liked the doctor. While Grant viewed the dermatologist as competent, Grant decided not to visit him again even though the dermatologist recommended a follow-up. Which situational influences are most likely to have affected Grant's decision? a. Social surroundings b. Antecedent states c. Momentary mood d. Physical surroundings e. Purchase reasons

d. Physical surroundings

Which of the following is the most critical difference between domestic marketing and international marketing? a. The difference in marketing principles being followed b. The different concepts of marketing c. The difference in marketing theories being followed d. The environment in which marketing plans must be implemented e. The basic processes used to market products and services

d. The environment in which marketing plans must be implemented

During the introduction stage of the successful product, profits are usually a. positive and increasing. b. at their highest point. c. negative and decreasing. d. declining. e. negative and increasing.

e. negative and increasing.

When a product experiences an increase in the number of competitors, it is usually in the _______ stage of the product life cycle; however, when that competition becomes intense, it is in the __________ stage. a. growth; decline b. introduction; growth c. introduction; maturity d. growth; maturity e. maturity; decline

d. growth; maturity

In the consumer buying decision process, the information search stage a. occurs immediately after evaluation of alternatives. b. is not necessary when the buyer is involved in extensive decision making. c. involves a buyer becoming aware of the need for a product. d. yields a group of brands that a buyer views as possible alternatives. e. is lengthy for routine response buying behavior.

d. yields a group of brands that a buyer views as possible alternatives.

Which of the following is the best example of a functional modification? a. The manufacturer of the primer and sealer, Kilz, introduces an odorless variety. b. Motorola uses a battery that allows its cell phones to charge back up more quickly. c. Campbell;s puts more of a higher-grade chicken in its classic chicken noodle soup. d. Friskies changes the ingredients in its cat food to a taste that is preferred by most cats. e. A smoke alarm is modified to be more sensitive to smoke at farther distances.

e. A smoke alarm is modified to be more sensitive to smoke at farther distances.

A product line is defined as a. products that an organization makes available to consumers. b. a specific group of products that are offered to the market. c. products that can be designated as a unique offering among the organization's products. d. products that are sold by the same firm or a division of a firm. e. a group of closely related products that are considered a unit because of marketing, technical, or end-use considerations.

e. a group of closely related products that are considered a unit because of marketing, technical, or end-use considerations.

When asked where Laser Tools, Inc., markets its products, company president and founder Roger Helms says that "the world is just one big market." He feels anyone not taking this stance is systematically passing up profitable business. Helms's strategy is best described as a. Infrequent foreign marketing b. Test marketing c. No direct foreign marketing d. International marketing e. Global marketing

e. Global marketing

Which of the following falls on the minus side of the U.S. balance of payments? a. Payments to the United States for insurance b. Payments of dividends and interest on investments abroad c. Return on capital invested abroad d. New foreign investments in the United States e. Spending by American tourists overseas

e. Spending by American tourists overseas

Mario and his friend have been talking about their love of Bose headphones and speakers. Mario's friend mentions a consumer report that he read the week before that stated Bose products had higher prices but lower quality than in previous years. Mario thought to himself that perhaps his friend had misread the report, because Bose had always been the best. This perceptual process is known as selective a. organization. b. exposure. c. information. d. retention. e. distortion.

e. distortion.

Jose went skiing one weekend with several of his friends. While at the slope, Jose injured his leg and needed to see a doctor. Jose is likely going to view solutions to his problem as a. specialty products. b. shopping products. c. installations. d. convenience products. e. unsought products.

e. unsought products.

Depending on the length of time it takes them to adopt a new product, people can be divided into five major adopter categories: early adopters, early majority, late majority, laggards, and a. innovators. b. nonadopters. c. late adopters. d. middle majority. e. middle adopters.

a. innovators.

_____ is a controllable element in both domestic and international marketing environments. a. Economic climate b. Competition within the home country c. Price of products d. Political force e. Foreign policy

c. Price of products

Minerals, chemicals, timber, and agricultural products are considered a. MRO supplies. b. process materials. c. raw materials. d. accessory materials. e. component parts.

c. Raw materials.

A product in the introduction stage of the product life cycle should have which of the following marketing objectives? a. to maintain brand loyalty b. to reveal a marketing niche c. to gain awareness and stimulate trial d. to stress differentiation e. to gain as much distribution as possible

c. to gain awareness and stimulate trial

The unconscious reference to one's own cultural values, experiences, and knowledge when encountering new and different cultures is known as a. self-space principle b. segregation principle c. integration criterion d. space command criterion e. self-reference criterion

e. self-reference criterion