MNGT Test 1 Book
Frederick Winslow Taylor is known as
"the father of scientific management."
Traditional stores such as Target and Walmart are competing with online retailers such as
Amazon and Zappos.
_____link to and coordinate the organization with key elements in the external environment.
Boundary-spanning roles
___ are organizations within the same industry or type of business that vie for the same set of customers.
Competitors
_________ systems use information technology to keep in close touch with customers, collect and manage large amounts of customer data, and provide superior customer value.
Customer relationship management (CRM)
___ are part of the task environment and include people and organizations that acquire goods or services from the organization.
Customers
W. Edwards ______ is known as the "father of the quality movement."
Deming
Managerial work and technical work are amenable to specialization to produce more and better work with the same amount of effort.
Division of work.
_____ emphasized worker participation and empowerment, shared goals, and facilitating rather than controlling employees. _______ contributions include the acceptance theory of authority.
Follett Barnard's
_______ partnerships reduce boundaries and increase collaboration with other organizations.
Interorganizational
Management scholar ______ classic 1946 book Concept of the Corporation sparked a dramatic increase in the academic study of business and management.
Peter Drucker's
_____ have come to dominate decision making in financial firms, and the Wall Street meltdown in 2007-2008 shows the danger of relying too heavily on a quantitative approach.
Quants
A chain of authority extends from the top to the bottom of the organization and should include every employee.
Scalar chain.
emphasizes scientifically determined jobs and management practices as the way to improve efficiency and labor productivity
Scientific management
______ include online community pages, social media sites such as Facebook and LinkedIn, microblogging platforms such as Twitter, and company online forums that enable managers to interact electronically with employees, customers, partners, and other stakeholders.
Social media programs
____ are events and forces that alter an organization's ability to achieve its goals.
Strategic issues
___ provide the raw materials the organization uses to produce its output.
Suppliers
Managers at Illumination Entertainment are concerned both with keeping costs low (efficiency) and producing animated films such as
The Lorax that are critically and financially successful (effectiveness).
_____ uses management science to solve the problem of long lines for popular rides and attractions at its theme parks.
The Walt Disney Company
_____ on management emphasized the importance of understanding human behaviors, needs, and attitudes in the workplace, as well as social interactions and group processes.
The humanistic perspective
________ focuses on managing the total organization to deliver quality to customers.
Total quality management
Each subordinate receives orders from one—and only one—superior.
Unity of command.
Similar activities in an organization should be grouped together under one manager.
Unity of direction.
The human resources perspective suggests that jobs should be designed to meet people's higher-level needs by
allowing employees to use their full potential.
Many current management ideas and practices can be traced to the
behavioral sciences approach.
When managers think systemically and understand subsystem interdependence and synergy, they can get a
better handle on managing in a complex environment.
A systematic approach developed in Europe that looked at the organization as a whole is the
bureaucratic organizations approach
Traditional management competencies could include a
command-and-control leadership style, a focus on individual tasks, and standardizing procedures to maintain stability.
Turbulent environmental forces have caused a significant shift in the
competencies required for effective managers.
Modern management is a lively mix of ideas and techniques from varied historical perspectives, but new
concepts continue to emerge.
necessary skills for managing a department or an organization can be placed in three categories:
conceptual, human, and technical
Nonprofit organizations don't have a conventional bottom line, so managers often struggle with what
constitutes effectiveness
Managers can identify important _______ that help guide their decisions regarding the organization.
contingencies
The ________ tells managers that what works in one organizational situation might not work in others.
contingency view
Systems thinking means looking not just at discrete parts of an organizational situation but also at the
continually changing interactions among the parts.
New management competencies include the ability to be an enabler rather than a
controller, using an empowering leadership style, encouraging collaboration, leading teams, and mobilizing for change and innovation.
Managers get things done by
coordinating and motivating other people.
Looking at history gives managers a broader perspective for interpreting and responding to
current opportunities and problems.
Subsystems are parts of a system that
depend on one another for their functioning.
The ______ represents the general economic health of the country or region in which the organization operates.
economic dimension
The success of Twitter and Square can be attributed to the
effectiveness of its innovative managers.
Four significant elements of TQM are
employee involvement, focus on the customer, benchmarking, and continuous improvement.
These new approaches require managers to think in fresh ways about managing their relationships with
employees, customers, and business partners.
Management and organizations are shaped by
forces in the larger society.
Managers in these organizations adjust and integrate the various management
functions, activities, and roles to meet the unique challenges they face.
The______ indirectly influences all organizations within an industry and includes five dimensions.
general environment
An organization is a social entity that is
goal directed and deliberately structured.
A ___ is a figure who exemplifies the deeds, character, and attributes of a strong culture.
hero
When external factors change rapidly, the organization experiences
high uncertainty.
The Hawthorne studies were important in shaping ideas concerning
how managers should treat workers.
The behavioral sciences approach draws from psychology, sociology, and other social sciences to develop theories about
human behavior and interaction in an organizational setting.
The human relations movement stresses the satisfaction of employees' basic needs as the key to
increased productivity.
Becoming a new manager requires a shift in thinking from being an
individual performer to playing an interdependent role of coordinating and developing others.
Managers at every level perform ten roles, which are grouped into
informational roles, interpersonal roles, and decisional roles
The _______ includes elements within the organization's boundaries, such as employees, management, and corporate culture.
internal environment
The _______of the external environment represents events originating in foreign countries, as well as opportunities for U.S. companies in other countries.
international dimension
A ____ is a strategic alliance or program by two or more organizations.
joint venture
Organizational culture is the set of
key values, beliefs, understandings, and norms shared by members of an organization.
The ___represents the people available for hire by the organization.
labor market
Good management is just as important for small businesses and nonprofit organizations as it is for
large corporations.
The ______ includes government regulations at the local, state, and federal levels, as well as political activities designed to influence company behavior.
legal-political dimension
becoming a manager means a profound transformation in the way people think of themselves, called personal identity, which includes
letting go of deeply held attitudes and habits and learning new ways of thinking
Managers are always on the lookout for new techniques and approaches to
meet shifting organizational needs.
A ____ occurs when two or more organizations combine to become one.
merger
As environmental turbulence increases, strategic issues emerge
more frequently.
Mary Parker Follett and Chester Barnard were early advocates of a
more humanistic approach to management.
The _____ includes all elements that occur naturally on Earth, including plants, animals, rocks, and natural resources such as air, water, and climate.
natural dimension
Three subsets of management science are
operations research, operations management, and information technology.
An _______ includes organizations in all the sectors of the task and general environments that provide the resource and information transactions, flows, and linkages necessary for an organization to thrive.
organizational ecosystem
The _______, consisting of both general and task environments, includes all elements existing outside the boundary of the organization that have the potential to affect the organization.
organizational environment
Good management is important because
organizations contribute so much to society.
Management is defined as the attainment of organizational goals in an effective and efficient manner through
planning, organizing, leading, and controlling organizational resources.
The two major reasons that managers fail are
poor communication and poor interpersonal skills.
Efficiency pertains to the amount of resources—raw materials, money, and people—used to
produce a desired volume of output.
The ___________ is associated with Japanese companies, but it emerged partly as a result of American influence after World War II.
quality movement
Management science, also called the ______, uses mathematics, statistical techniques, and computer technology to facilitate management decision making, particularly for complex problems.
quantitative perspective
Managers have complex jobs that
require a range of abilities and skills.
Performance is defined as the organization's ability to attain its goals by using
resources in an efficient and effective manner.
three subfields of the classical perspective, each with a slightly different emphasis:
scientific management, bureaucratic organizations, and administrative principles
A role is a
set of expectations for a manager's behavior
The ______ includes demographic characteristics, norms, customs, and values of a population within which the organization operates.
sociocultural dimension
Managers in small businesses often see their most important roles as being a
spokesperson for the business and acting as an entrepreneur.
A __ is a narrative based on true events and is repeated frequently and shared among organizational employees.
story
A ____ is an object, act, or event that conveys meaning to others.
symbol
The concept of ______ says that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. The organization must be managed as a whole.
synergy
A ______ is a set of interrelated parts that function as a whole to achieve a common purpose. An organization is a _____.
system
The _____ includes the sectors that conduct day-to-day transactions with the organization and directly influence its basic operations and performance.
task environment
The ______ of the general environment includes scientific and technological advances in society.
technological dimension
Many of today's popular techniques are related to the transition to a
technology-driven workplace.
Effectiveness refers to the degree to which
the organization achieves a stated goal.
Because of the interdependent nature of management, new managers often have less freedom and control than
they expect to have.
The job of a manager is highly diverse and fast-paced, so managers need good
time management skills.
Innovative management is critical in
today's turbulent world.
administrative principles approach focused on the
total organization.
Managers in nonprofit organizations direct their efforts toward generating some kind of social impact rather than
toward making money for the organization.
Managers tend to look for innovative ideas and approaches particularly during
turbulent times.
A manager's weaknesses become more apparent during stressful times of
uncertainty, change, or crisis.
Time management refers to
using techniques that enable you to get more done in less time and with better results, be more relaxed, and have more time to enjoy your work and your life
Managerial activity is characterized by
variety, fragmentation, and brevity
Management often is a different experience from
what people expect.
