Model 4 Computers

button

icons you click to execute commands you need to work with an office app

close button

in a windows title bar, the rightmost button; closes the open window, app, or document

data file

in computer concepts, a file that contains words, numbers, and pictures that you can manipulate. A spreadsheet, a database, a presentation, and a word processing document all are data files

keyboard

input device that contains not only characters such as letters, numbers, and punctuation, but also keys that can issue commands

shortcut

link to a file, folder, or app that appears on the desktop

volatile memory

memory that is lost when the computer is turned off

ios

mobile device operating system that runs only on Apple devices, including the iPhone, iPad, and iPod

chrome os

operating system based on Linux that uses the Google Chrome browser as its user interface; and primarily runs web apps

android

operating system developed by Google based on Linux, and designed to be ran on many types of smartphones and tablets

spooling

placing data into a buffer

closed source

programs that keep all or some of the codes hidden, enabling them to control and profit from the program they create

administrator account

provides full access to the computer; additional responsibilities associated with an administrator account included installing programs and apps, adjusting security settings, and managing network access

ROM

read-only memory

macos server

server operating system that supports all sizes of networks and servers; lets authorities users access servers using their iPhones or other Apple devices

system software

software responsible for the general operation of a computer system, including the operation of hardware, running application software, and file management

software as a service

software that is distributed online and sometimes costs a monthly subscription or an annual fee

default settings

standard settings that control how the screen is set up and how a document looks when you first start typing

resource

the components required to preform work such as the processors, RAM

kernel

the core of an operating system; memory, runs programs, and assigns resources

macos

the operating system used on Apple Macintosh computers. It is distinctive for its elegant graphical user interface which makes the system especially easy to learn and use

virtualization

the practice of sharing or pooling computing resources, such as servers and storage devices

platform

the software or operating system a computer uses

active window

the window you are currently using

kilobyte (kb)

thousands of bites of data

boot process

triggers a series of steps and checks as the computer loads the operating system

utility

usefulness

library

where all the files are stored

operating system

(computer science) software that controls the execution of computer programs and may provide various services

gigabyte (gb)

1 billion bytes

dialog box

A box that displays additional options or information you can use to execute commands.

virtual memory

A capability of the computer's operating system that handles data that cannot fit into RAM when running several programs at once. When RAM is used up, data is stored or "swapped" into virtual memory.

program window

displays a running window on a computer

file

A document that is stored on your computer. In Excel, a file is also known as a workbook.

menu

A list of commands or choices.

shortcut menu

A menu that contains a list of useful commands.

open source

A program in which the source code is available to the general public for use and/or modification from its original design free of charge

file extension

A tag of three or four letters, preceded by a period, which identifies a data file's format or the application used to create the file.

folder

An area for storing files to keep them organized

windows

An operating system by Microsoft that incorporates a user-friendly, graphical interface.

output

Data that has been processed into a useful format.

mobile os

Embedded operating system that controls a smartphone.

virtual machine

Enables computer to run another operating system in addition to one installed

user account

Identifies resources a user can access on a computer

settings app

In Windows 10, the Settings App customizes how the computer looks and functions. It lets you make most configuration changes that used to be done in the Control Panel, if you're familiar with older versions of Windows.

maximize button

enlarges a window so that it fills the entire screen

folder window

Is a window that displays the contents of folders and files on your drives and network.

windows server

Microsoft's server operating system, security has improved over time (firewalls, encryption, minimize number of running applications, etc.)

UNIX

Operating system developed by AT&T. It is considered portable, meaning it can run on just about any hardware platform.

server os

Optimized for providing application services and shared resources

RAM

Random Access Memory

disk cleanup utility

Removes unused files like temporary Internet files from your hard drive

tile

Shortcut to an app or other content

input

Something put into a system, such as resources, in order to achieve a result.

nonvolatile memory

Storage that retains data even when powered down (such as flash memory, hard disk, or DVD storage).

restore down button

The button that returns a window to its previous size.

file format

The structure or organization of data in a file. It is usually indicated by the file name extension.

window

This is what appears when you open a folder, document or program.

flash memory

Type of nonvolatile memory that can be erased electronically and rewritten.

linux

UNIX-based operating system for desktop computers, laptops, and some tablets

bootstrap program

a built-in startup program that executes a series of tests to check components, including the RAM, keyboard, and storage, and identifies connected devices and checks their settings

minimize button

a button that hides a window so that only its program button is visible on the taskbar and temporarily hides a window

control panel

a collection of utility programs that determine how windows appears and performs on your computer

graphic user interface

a collective term for all the ways you interact with the device, a GUI controls how you interact with menus, programs and apps, and visual images such as icons by touching, pointing, tapping, or clicking buttons and other objects to issue commands

personal computer

a computer designed for use by one person at a time.

web server

a computer that delivers requested webpages to your computer or mobile device

pointing device

a device used to point to and select specific objects on the computer screen

cache

a holding area where your browser keeps a copy of each webpage you view. This temporary storage helps speed up processing in time

web app

a program that resides on a server on the internet rather than a user's device, and is run through a web browser

icon

a small picture that represents a program, file, or hardware device

clipboard

a temporary Windows storage area that holds the selections you copy or cut

megabyte (mb)

a unit of storage measuring roughly one million bytes

buffer

an area of memory that stores data and information waiting to be sent to an input or output device

desktop operating system

an operating system installed on a single computer

desktop

an operating system screen that contains icons for programs and files, as well as toolbars, taskbars, menus, and buttons you can use to start programs and apps

memory

consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed and the data needed by those instructions

executable file

contains the instructions that tell a computer how to perform a specific task