Modern Dental Assisting 11th Edition Chapter 17 recall

What is the malignant condition that involves the lymph nodes of patients with HIV/AIDS?

Lymphoma

What is the term for abnormally large jaws?

Macrognathia

What is the term used for abnormally small teeth?

Microdontia

What type of condition appears as a white patch or area?

Leukoplakia is a general term that means "white patch."

What is the difference between attrition and abrasion?

Abrasion, the abnormal wearing away of tooth structure, is caused by a repetitive habit Attrition is the normal wearing away of tooth structure during chewing

What is the condition in which inflammation causes severe pain and high fever?

Cellulitis

What is another term for "canker sore?"

Chancre

Which lesions are below the mucosal surface?

An ulcer is a break in the mucosa that looks like a punched-out area, similar to a crater. An ulcer may be as small as 2 mm or as large as several centimeters. An erosion of the soft tissue is a shallow injury in the mucosa caused by mechanical trauma, such as chewing. (Trauma means wound or injury.) The margins may be ragged and red and quite painful. An abscess is a collection of pus in a specific area. Abscesses are commonly found at the apex of a tooth (periapical abscess). An abscess may be caused by bacteria in a badly decayed tooth or by bacteria resulting from a severe periodontal infection (see Chapter 14). A cyst is a fluid or semisolid, fluid-filled sac. The material within the cyst is not always infectious. In dentistry, a cyst may form around the crown of an unerupted tooth (Fig. 17-13).

Which lesions extend above the mucosal surface?

Blisters, also known as vesicles, are filled with a watery fluid. (They look like the blisters that appear on feet as a result of poorly fitting shoes.) They are rarely seen in the oral cavity because they tend to rupture, leaving ulcers with ragged edges. A pustule looks like a blister, but it contains pus. A hematoma is also similar to a blister, but it contains blood. A plaque is any patch or flat area that is slightly raised from the surface. (Note: This is not the same as dental plaque, which is discussed in Chapter 13.)

What condition is caused by yeastlike fungal infection?

Candidiasis is a superficial infection caused by the yeastlike fungus

What is the term for a malignant lesion in the epithelial tissue of the oral cavity?

Carcinoma

What is a congenital disorder?

Congenital disorders are present at birth. They can be inherited or developmental, but the exact cause of most congenital abnormalities is unknown.

Which teeth are most often affected by ankylosis?

Deciduous molars

What is the dental term for "tooth within a tooth?"

Dens in dente

What is the hereditary condition that affects the dentin?

Dentinogenesis imperfecta

What term is used to describe two teeth that are joined together?

Fusion

What is an oral indication of bulimia?

Generalized erosion of the lingual surfaces of the teeth

What is the condition in which a pattern on the tongue changes?

Geographic tongue.

What is the term for an inflammation of the tongue?

Glossitis

What is the condition that is frequently seen on the lateral border of the tongue of patients with HIV/AIDS?

Hairy Leukoplakia

Which opportunistic infection is seen as purplish lesions on the skin or oral mucosa of patients with HIV/AIDS?

Kaposi's Sarcoma

What type of cancer affects the blood-forming organs?

Leukemia

What is the condition in which the body does not absorb vitamin B12?

Pernicious anemia

What are three potential complications of orofacial piercing?

The dental complications of this practice can include chipped teeth, broken teeth, and serious infection at the sites of the piercings. Infection can spread throughout the head and neck area with serious results

What is the difference between developmental disorders and inherited disorders?

The development of the human body is an extremely complex process. When cells in the body divide, developmental disorders may occur. The result is usually a deformity of part of the body. Inherited disorders are different from developmental disorders because they are caused by an abnormal gene in an individual and are transmitted from parent to child through the egg or sperm.

What lesion is even with the mucosal surface?

These lesions lie flat or even with the surface of the oral mucosa and are well-defined areas of discoloration. An ecchymosis, which is the medical term for bruising, is an example of this type of lesion.

What is a more common term for ankyloglossia?

Tongue-tie

What is the term for bony growths in the palate?

Torus

What is the term for lack of saliva?

Xerostomia

What causes radiation caries?

lack of saliva

What is a common precancerous lesion among users of smokeless tobacco?

precancerous leukoplakia and oral cancer that occur among users of smokeless tobacco. In addition, cancers of the pharynx, larynx, and esophagus