Module 1 Exam Review

A nurse is caring for a postoperative client who had general anesthesia during surgery. What independent nursing intervention may prevent an accumulation of secretions?

frequent changes of position

A nurse, caring for a client with uncontrolled diabetes, suspects that a client is experiencing hypoglycemia in response to insulin administration. What clinical manifestations lead the nurse to this conclusion? Select all that apply

headache, confusion, profuse sweating

Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) 2.5 g intravenous piggyback (IVPB) every 8 hours is prescribed for a client with a severe infection. The pharmacy sends a vial labeled 5 g per 10 mL. What volume of ceftriaxone should the nurse add to the IVPB solution? Record your answer using a whole number. ___mL

5 mL

A nurse in the postanesthesia care unit is caring for a client who received a general anesthetic. Which finding should the nurse report to the health care provider?

BP drops from 130 to 90

A client is receiving an intravenous infusion after a lobectomy for cancer of the lung. The nurse should monitor the client for which complication of intravenous therapy related specifically to postoperative lobectomy

Pulmonary edema

A client is scheduled to receive general anesthesia during an upcoming surgery. The nurse provides education about common side effects of general anesthesia. The nurse concludes that the teaching has been effective when the client states, "Immediately after surgery I may experience:

a sore throat

The occurrence of which condition would warrant the nurse calling the primary health care provider to discontinue the intravenous (IV) fluids?

crackles in the lungs

A health care provider prescribes 500 mg of an antibiotic intravenous piggyback (IVPB) every 12 hours. The vial of antibiotic contains 1 g and indicates that the addition of 2.5 mL of sterile water will yield 3 mL of reconstituted solution. How many milliliters of the antibiotic should be added to the 50 mL IVPB bag? Record your answer using one decimal place. __ mL

1.5 mL

A nurse teaches a client with type 2 diabetes how to provide self-care to prevent infections of the feet. The nurse evaluates that the teaching was effective when the client says, "I should:

Control my BG with diet, exercise, and medication

When teaching an adolescent with type 1 diabetes about dietary management, what instruction should the nurse include?

A ready source of glucose should be available.

Daily Humulin R insulin has been prescribed for a client with type 1 diabetes. The nurse administers the insulin at 8 AM. When should the nurse monitor the client for a potential insulin reaction?

Before lunch

The nurse administers an intravenous (IV) solution that is piggybacked into a primary IV line using gravity flow tubing; the nurse hangs the secondary infusion bag higher than the primary infusion bag. After completion of the infusion, the client expresses concern about air in the piggyback tubing. The client asks if that means an air embolism is probable. What is the nurse's best response?

The solution of the large IV bad begins to flow when the solution from the smaller bag ceases to flow.

An obese client is diagnosed with diabetes. What increased physiological response to excessive weight should the nurse include when explaining the need for weight loss?

insulin requirements

The laboratory data for a client with prolonged vomiting reveal arterial blood gases of pH 7.51, Pco2 of 50 mm Hg, HCO3of 58 mEq/L, and a serum potassium level of 3.8 mEq/L. The nurse concludes that the findings support what diagnosis?

metabolic alkalosis

A nurse explains to a client with diabetes that self-monitoring of blood glucose is preferred to urine glucose testing because blood glucose testing is

more accurate

The nurse provides education related to manifestations of hyperglycemia to a client with type 1 diabetes. Which signs and symptoms identified by the client indicate that the teaching was effective? Select all that apply.

thirst, fruity breath, polyuria

A client is transferred to the postanesthesia care unit after abdominal surgery. The client begins vomiting. What nursing action is most important when caring for this client?

turning the client onto the side

When assessing the laboratory values of a client with type 2 diabetes, the nurse expects the results to reveal:

urine negative for ketones and glucose in the blood

A nurse is caring for a client who has a 20-year history of type 2 diabetes. The nurse should assess for what physiological changes that are associated with a long history of diabetes?

vision changes

When obtaining the history of a client recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, the nurse expects to identify the presence of:

weight loss

A client is diagnosed as having type 2 diabetes. A priority teaching goal is, "The client will be able to:

Identify symptoms of hypo/hyperglycemia

A client with type 2 diabetes is taking one oral hypoglycemic tablet daily. The client asks whether an extra pill should be taken before exercise. The best response by the nurse is:

No, but watch for symptoms of hypoglycemia

The nurse is caring for a client whose arterial blood gases (ABGs) values are: Po2 89 mm Hg, Pco2 35 mm Hg, and pH of 7.37. These findings indicate that the client is experiencing:

acid-base balance

What principle of teaching specific to an older adult should the nurse consider when providing instruction to such a client recently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus?

continued reinforcement is advantageous

A client who is feeling increasingly tired seeks medical care. Type 1 diabetes is diagnosed. The nurse explains that the increased fatigue is the result of:

decreased production of insulin by pancreas

A client had spinal anesthesia for surgery. On the second day after surgery the client complains of a headache. The nurse should:

encourage the client to drink at least 2 L of fluids in 24 hours

The nurse is caring for a client with type 1 diabetes. For which signs or symptoms of insulin reaction should the nurse particularly be observant? Select all that apply.

headache and diaphoresis

A client newly diagnosed as having type 1 diabetes is taught to exercise on a regular basis primarily because exercise has been shown to

improve cellular uptake of glucose

When caring for clients who receive anesthesia, the nurse observes the loss of physiological functions during the stages of anesthesia induction. The last function the client loses is:

respiratory movement

The health care provider prescribes daily fasting blood glucose levels for a client with diabetes mellitus. The goal of treatment is that the client will have glucose levels within the range of:

70-105

A client has undergone surgery with general anesthesia. Within how many hours after surgery should the nurse notify the health care provider if the client does not void?

8 hours