Module 10 (Chapter 47)

The nurse is teaching the patient how to administer insulin. What information is essential to include in the plan? "For the most consistent absorption, inject the insulin into the abdomen." "Avoid administering the insulin into your arm." "Inject the insulin at a 30-degree angle between the fat and muscle." "Do not mix any insulins in the same syringe."

"For the most consistent absorption, inject the insulin into the abdomen."

Which statement indicates to the nurse that the patient needs additional teaching on oral hypoglycemic agents? "I will limit my alcohol consumption." "I will report symptoms of fatigue and loss of appetite." "I will take the medication only when I need it." "I will monitor my blood sugar daily."

"I will take the medication only when I need it."

The patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus asks, "Why can't I take a sulfonylurea like my friend who has diabetes?" What is the nurse's best response? "Sulfonylurea increases beta-cell stimulation to secrete insulin, and with your type of diabetes, the beta cells do not contain insulin. This medication will not work for you." "You must be mistaken. If your friend has diabetes mellitus, she is taking insulin." "Sulfonylurea will lower your blood sugar too much, and you will be hypoglycemic." "You are unable to store glucose, because you do not have insulin, and sulfonylurea helps with glucose storage."

"Sulfonylurea increases beta-cell stimulation to secrete insulin, and with your type of diabetes, the beta cells do not contain insulin. This medication will not work for you."

A male patient 24 h post-op tells the nursing student that his nurse "gave him an extra shot of insulin and there must be some mistake." The nursing student verifies the patient received a sliding scale dose of insulin. What information should the nursing student provide to the patient? "You received extra insulin today because you have not been eating." "The effects of surgery result in a decrease in your metabolic rate; this increases secretion of glucagon and increases your glucose levels." "Surgery often results in infection, and infection raises your glucose levels." "Surgery can produce stress, which can produce stress; an additional small amount of insulin helps provide a constant glucose level."

"Surgery can produce stress, which can produce stress; an additional small amount of insulin helps provide a constant glucose level."

The patient newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus has been ordered insulin glargine. What information is essential for the nurse to teach this patient? "This medication should be mixed with the regular insulin each morning." "This medication is very short acting. You must be sure you eat after injecting it." "This medication is very expensive, but you will be receiving it only a short time." "This medication has a duration of action of 24 h."

"This medication has a duration of action of 24 h"

What information will the nurse teach the patient who has been prescribed an alpha glucosidase inhibitor? "This medication will stimulate pancreatic insulin release." "This medication will increase the sensitivity of insulin receptor sites." "This medication will delay the absorption of carbohydrates from the intestines." "This medication cannot be used in combination with other antidiabetic agents."

"This medication will delay the absorption of carbohydrates from the intestines."

The nurse would include which statement when teaching a patient about insulin glargine? "You should inject this insulin just before meals because it is very fast acting." "The duration of action for this insulin is approximately 8-10 h, so you will need to take it twice a day." "You can mix this insulin with Lente insulin to enhance its effects." "You cannot mix this insulin with any other insulin in the same syringe."

"You cannot mix this insulin with any other insulin in the same syringe."

The nurse is teaching a patient who has been prescribed repaglinide. Which information will the nurse include in the teaching plan? "You will need to be sure you eat as soon as you take this medication." "This medication is compatible with all of your cardiac medications." "This medication will not cause hypoglycemia." "This medication has no side effects."

"You will need to be sure you eat as soon as you take this medication"

What is the nurse's best action when finding a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus unresponsive, cold, and clammy? Administer subcutaneous regular insulin immediately. Administer glucagon. Start an insulin drip. Draw blood glucose level and send to the laboratory.

Administer glucagon.

Which technique is most appropriate regarding mixing insulin when the patient must administer 30 units regular insulin and 70 units NPH insulin in the morning? Draw up the regular insulin into the syringe first, followed by the cloudy NPH insulin. Draw the medication into two separate syringes but inject into the same spot. Administer these insulins at least 10 min apart, so that you will know when they are working. Use the Z-track method for administration.

Draw up the regular insulin into the syringe first, followed by the cloudy NPH insulin.

The nurse is providing patient teaching for the drug miglitol for the patient with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. Which group of side effects should the nurse include in the patient teaching? Dehydration, hypoglycemia, and thirst Flatulence, hypoglycemia, and diarrhea Hypoglycemia, diaphoresis, and hypokalemia Rash, gingivitis, and hypoglycemia

Flatulence, hypoglycemia, and diarrhea

Which is the most appropriate action for the nurse who is told that a patient typically takes his glipizide with food? Immediately check the patient's blood glucose level. Inform the patient that it is better to take the medication 30 min before a meal. Inform the patient that the medication must be taken 15 min after a meal. Immediately call the health care provider.

Inform the patient that it is better to take the medication 30 min before a meal

A patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus has been ordered insulin aspart 10 units at 7:00 AM. What nursing intervention will the nurse perform after administering this medication? Perform a fingerstick blood sugar test. Have the patient void and dipstick the urine. Make sure the patient eats breakfast immediately. Flush the IV.

Make sure the patient eats breakfast immediately.

The nurse administers NPH insulin at 8 AM. What intervention is essential for the nurse to perform? Assess the patient for hyperglycemia by 10 AM. Monitor fingerstick at 2 PM. Make sure patient eats by 5 PM. Administer the insulin via IV pump.

Make sure the patient eats by 5 PM