Module 12 - Stress, Lifestyle & Health

Lydia is often described as having an easy, laid-back outlook on life. She tends to be very relaxed, is not particularly competitive, and rarely feels or demonstrates anger or hostility. Lydia exemplifies a Type ________ behavior pattern. •A •B •C •D

B

________ is stress-reduction technique whereby electronic equipment measuring a person's involuntary (neuromuscular and autonomic) activity helps him gain a level of voluntary control over these processes. •Biofeedback •Meditation •Relaxation response technique •The Selye Method

Biofeedback

Which of the following individuals is demonstrating an optimistic outlook on life? •Cary, who gets angry when his favorite baseball team is losing a game. •Carlotta, who has had enough of her job and doesn't feel it will ever make her happy. •Carla, who is in a relationship that is just "for now" while waiting for the love of her life. •Carl, who tends to see the good in situations and always looks on the bright side of things.

Carl, who tends to see the good in situations and always looks on the bright side of things.

________ is the kind of stress that exceeds the optimal level, is no longer a positive force, and becomes excessive and debilitating. •Distress •Eustress •Type A stress •Type B stress

Distress

________ is/are the kind of stress associated with positive feelings, as well as optimal health and performance. •Peak experiences •Distress •Eustress •Anastress

Eustress

________ is having an experience that is so engaging and engrossing that it becomes worth doing for its own sake. During this state a person might say that they feel that they "lose themselves" in the activity. •Flow •Completion •Chi •Zen

Flow

Which of the following is an example of a primary appraisal of a stressor? •Ava decides to quit her job because her employer is so unpleasant. •Humphrey judges the man with the gun to be a moderate threat. •Mekhi weighs his options on dealing with the bully who is harassing him. •Sophia decides to get a divorce because her husband is cheating on her.

Humphrey judges the man with the gun to be a moderate threat.

What do studies show about the relationship between stress and memory? •Intense stress can enhance both immediate and delayed recall of educational material. •Moderate stress can enhance both immediate and delayed recall of educational material. •Recall of educational material is best under stress-free conditions. •Stress has no effect on remembering educational material.

Moderate stress can enhance both immediate and delayed recall of educational material.

Which of the following is an example of eustress? •getting a divorce •losing a job •recovering from a car accident •buying a new home

buying a new home

Heather considers taking a new job. She focuses on the increased opportunities for promotion and the higher salary rather than her increased responsibilities; therefore, she views the new position as a ________ rather than a ________. •hassle; major life event •challenge; threat •distress; eustress •Type A stressor; Type B stressor

challenge; threat

Lamont cares for his aging father, who suffers from dementia. This is an example of a(n) ________ stressor. •acute •chronic •non-threatening •threatening

chronic

Noticing that you have difficulty concentrating during and after periods of prolonged stress exemplifies how stress can have a negative ________ impact. •cognitive •emotional •physical •social

cognitive

Which term refers to mental or behavioral efforts used to manage problems relating to stress, including the cause and the unpleasant feelings and emotions it produces? •autopilot •biofeedback •coping •distress

coping

Anna is a school counselor. She hates going to work and wants to lock the door and cry whenever a student comes to her for help. She just doesn't feel like she has anything left to give. What dimension of job burnout does this exemplify? •dimension 1 - exhaustion •dimension 2 - depersonalization •dimension 3 - diminished personal accomplishment •dimension 4 - giving up

dimension 1 - exhaustion

Doug is an emergency room nurse in a large, underfunded, public hospital. Lately, he finds himself assuming that the patients he sees are just trying to get free drugs to feed an addiction. Just yesterday a little boy was brought in with a broken arm, and Doug found that he was completely indifferent to the boy's pain. What aspect of job burnout does this exemplify? •dimension 1 - exhaustion •dimension 2 - depersonalization •dimension 3 - diminished personal accomplishment •dimension 4 - giving up

dimension 2 - depersonalization

Jade hears a rattle. When she turns around she sees a rattlesnake inches from her leg. Her pupils dilate, her heart pounds, and she begins to sweat. This response is called the ________ response. •emotion-threat •eustress-distress •fight-or-flight •social supportive

fight-or-flight

Hypertension is a major risk factor for heart disease because it ________. •forces the heart to pump harder, which puts more physical strain on the heart •places stress on the thyroid system, which inflames the arteries •restricts a person's salt intake, which suppresses the immune system •slows the heart rate, which leads to less efficient distribution of oxygen through the body

forces the heart to pump harder, which puts more physical strain on the heart

A flat tire in the morning, realizing that you forgot to get your homework done, and getting into an argument with a buddy are all examples of ________. •traumatic events •hassles •life changes •eustressors

hassles

The process by which one's physiological defense system becomes less efficient at fighting illness is called ________ and this process is enhanced by elevated stress levels. •problem-focused stressors •exhaustion • biopsychosocial flux •immunosuppression

immunosuppression

Which option is the greatest risk factor for the development of burnout? •a Type A problem •resistance •an absence of eustressors •job strain

job strain

Developing stomach ulcers during a prolonged period of stress exemplifies how stress can have a negative ________ impact. •cognitive •mental •morbid •physiological

physiological

Brizan has just lost his job. He is proactive in trying to resolve this source of stress; he immediately uses the internet to look up other jobs in his field and plans to eliminate non-essentials from his budget to make his savings last longer. Which type of coping approach is Brizan using? •proactive •emotion-focused •problem-focused •stress reduction

problem-focused

Advice, guidance, encouragement, acceptance, emotional comfort, and tangible assistance are all different forms of ________. •the relaxation response technique •achieving flow •health maintenance •social support

social support

The relaxation response technique is a stress reduction technique that combines elements of relaxation and ________. •chi focusing •biofeedback •transcendental meditation •the practice of tai chi

transcendental meditation

According to three separate surveys, administered in 1983, 2006, and 2009, which statement about the relationship between stress and sex is the most accurate? •Men and women report experiencing approximately the same amount of stress. •Men report experiencing more stress than women. •While women report experiencing less stress later in life, men report experiencing more stress later in life. •Women report experiencing more stress than men.

Women report experiencing more stress than men.

Which aspect of the definition of happiness gives the impression that it is a long-term state rather than a brief mood that we experience from time to time? •feelings of joy •a state of contentment •a sense of wonder •a feeling that ones' life has meaning and value

a feeling that ones' life has meaning and value

Which dimension of the Type A behavior pattern is most predictive of heart disease? •impatience •competitiveness •time urgency •anger/hostility

anger/hostility