module 3, quiz 3

The most important reason why summers in the Southern Hemisphere are NOT warmer than summers in the Northern Hemisphere is that: over 80 percent of the Southern Hemisphere is covered with water. the earth is closer to the sun in January. the earth is farther from the sun in July. the sun's energy is less intense in the Southern Hemisphere.

over 80 percent of the Southern Hemisphere is covered with water.

The largest annual range of temperatures is found at ____. polar latitudes over land polar latitudes over water middle latitudes near large bodies of water the equator

polar latitudes over land

Which instrument obtains air temperature by measuring emitted infrared energy? radiometer bimetallic thermometer electrical resistance thermometer thermograph

radiometer

The wind-chill index ____. relates body heat loss with wind to an equivalent temperature with no wind indicates the temperature at which water freezes on exposed skin takes into account humidity and air temperature in expressing the current air temperature determines how low the air temperature will be on any given day

relates body heat loss with wind to an equivalent temperature with no wind

In summer, humid regions typically have _______ daily temperature ranges and _______ maximum temperatures than drier regions. larger; higher smaller; higher smaller; lower larger; lower

smaller; lower

For maximum winter warmth in the Northern Hemisphere, large windows in a house should face ____. north south east west

south

In clear weather, the air next to the ground is usually ______ than the air above during the night and ______ than the air above during the day. Question options: warmer; colder warmer; warmer colder; colder colder; warmer

colder; warmer

We are likely to feel colder on a cold, rainy day than on a cold, dry day because water ____ heat away from the body better than air does. condenses convects advects conducts

conducts

In clear weather, the air next to the ground is usually ____ than the air above it at night, and ____ than the air above it during the day. cooler; warmer colder; colder warmer; colder warmer; warmer

cooler: warmer

If your hometown experienced an average mean temperature of 78 degrees, it would be considered a: heating degree day. cooling degree day. isotherm degree day. growing degree day.

cooling degree day.

During an equinox, the: days and nights are of equal length except at the poles. earth's axis is tilted toward the sun earth is tilted away from the sun. noon sun is overhead at the Tropic of Capricorn.

days and nights are of equal length except at the poles.

Which condition would contribute to higher surface air temperatures? moist soil moist soil with high vegetation dry soil with little vegetation dry soil with high vegetation

dry soil with little vegetation

Latitude has no effect on seasonal temperatures. True False

false

The thermometer that has a small barbell-shaped index marker in the bore is called a(n) ____ thermometer. bimetallic maximum electrical minimum

minimum

Hypothermia is most common in ____ weather. hot, humid cold, wet hot, dry cold, dry

cold, wet

Nighttime radiation inversions occur on most ____ nights. clear, windy rainy, windy clear, calm rainy, calm

clear, calm

The diurnal range of temperature is greatest ____ the ground. 100 feet above 2 feet above 100 cm below 500 feet above

2 feet

The north-facing side of a hill in a mountainous region in the United States tends to: have snow on the ground for a longer period of time in winter compared to the south-facing side grow a variety of trees that are typically observed at higher elevation. be a better location for a ski run than the south-facing side. All of the options above are correct.

All of the options above are correct.

The north-facing side of a hill in a mountainous region in the United States tends to: have snow on the ground for a longer period of time in winter compared to the south-facing side. grow a variety of trees that are typically observed at higher elevation. be a better location for a ski run than the south-facing side. All of the options above are correct.

All of the options above are correct.

Which of the following statements is true? If you travel from Miami, Florida, to Saint Paul, Minnesota, in January, you are more likely to experience greater temperature variations than if you make the same trip in July. If two cities have the same mean annual temperature, then their temperatures throughout the year are quite similar. Annual temperature ranges tend to be much greater near the ocean than in the middle of the continent.

If you travel from Miami, Florida, to Saint Paul, Minnesota, in January, you are more likely to experience greater temperature variations than if you make the same trip in July.

One would expect near-ground temperatures to be coldest when the night is ___. clear, damp, and windy cloudy clear, dry, and calm clear, dry, and windy

clear, dry, and calm

Which condition would be equivalent to an air temperature of 45°F, a wind speed of 30 mi/hr, and a wind-chill equivalent temperature of 15°F? a 15°F air temperature and 0 mi/hr winds a 30°F air temperature and 45 mi/hr winds a 30°F air temperature and 15 mi/hr winds a 15°F air temperature and 30 mi/hr winds

a 15°F air temperature and 0 mi/hr winds

In calm air, the air temperature is -10°F. If the wind speed should increase to 30 mi/hr (with no change in air temperature), the thermometer will indicate ____. a much higher temperature than -10°F a much lower temperature than -10°F a temperature of -10°F a temperature of -30°F

a temperature of -10°F

For maximum winter warmth, in the Northern Hemisphere, large windows in a house should face which direction? west north south east

south

During the afternoon, the greatest temperature difference between the surface air and the air a meter or so above occurs on a ____ day. sunny, calm sunny, windy cloudy, calm cloudy, windy

sunny, calm

The minimum daily temperature typically occurs at ____. midnight sunset 3:00 AM sunrise

sunrise

Which area of the human body is most vulnerable to frostbite? chest toes legs arms

toes

For sunlight entering the atmosphere at the poles, the atmosphere is thicker because the sunlight must travel through more of the atmosphere. True False

true

The ground is a better emitter of infrared radiation and cools more quickly than air. True False

true

Two cities can have the same mean annual temperature but different mean annual ranges of temperature. True False

true

The sun is directly overhead at Mexico City (latitude 19 degrees N): twice a year. once a year. four times a year. never.

twice a year

What factor below is not very important for controlling seasonal temperature? latitude altitude winds large water body

winds

In the Northern Hemisphere, which of the following days has the fewest hours of daylight? vernal equinox winter solstice autumnal equinox summer solstice

winter solstice

A thermometer with a small constriction just above the bulb is a(n) ____ thermometer. maximum minimum electrical bimetallic

maximum

The "normal" high temperature for a given day is determined from the ____ averaged high temperature for that day. 20-year 30-year weekly monthly

30 year

How many heating degree-days are there for a day with a maximum temperature of 30°F and a minimum temperature of 20°F? (Assume a base temperature of 65°F.) 65 45 40 35

40

Suppose peas are planted in Indiana on May 1. If the peas need 1200 growing degree days before they can be picked, and if the mean temperature for each day during May and June is 70°F, in about how many days will the peas be ready to pick? (Assume a base temperature of 40°F.) 11 30 40 70

40

During the summer months at the North Pole, the sun does not set for ____. 2 months 24 hours 6 months 4 months

6 months

Which latitude below would experience the fewest hours of daylight on December 22? 60 degrees N 20 degrees S 0 degrees (Equator) 20 degrees N

60 degrees N

What parts of the United States experience the lowest Heating Degree Days? Texas and Louisiana Hawaii and Rhode Island Maine and Minnesota North Carolina and Oklahoma

Texas and Louisiana

When it is January and winter in the Northern Hemisphere, it is ____ in the Southern Hemisphere. January and summer January and winter July and winter July and summer

January and summer

When it is January and winter in the Northern Hemisphere, it is ______________ and ______________ in the Southern Hemisphere. July; summer January; summer January; winter July; winter

January; summer

Over Earth as a whole, one would expect to observe the smallest variation in temperature from day to day and from month to month ____. at the North Pole in the center of a large land mass along the Pacific coast of North America on a small island near the equator

on a small island near the equator

The maximum in daytime surface temperature typically occurs ______________ the earth receives its most intense solar radiation. after before exactly when

after

Radiational cooling typically occurs: at night. during the late morning. during the afternoon. at noon.

at night

The greatest variation in daily temperature usually occurs: about the level where thermals stop rising. at the top of a high-rise apartment complex. at the ground. about 5 feet above the ground.

at the ground

The greatest variation in daily temperature usually occurs: about 5 feet above the ground. at the top of a high-rise apartment complex. at the ground. about the level where thermals stop rising.

at the ground

Seasons on Earth are regulated by ___. only the length of daylight hours both the length of daylight hours and the angle sunlight strikes Earth's surface only the angle sunlight strikes Earth's surface only Earth's nearness to the sun

both the length of daylight hours and the angle sunlight strikes Earth's surface

Orchard heaters and wind machines are most useful in preventing damaging low temperatures from occurring next to the ground on: clear, windy nights. cloudy, windy nights. rainy nights. clear, calm nights.

clear, calm nights.

Which area would you expect to have smaller diurnal temperature ranges (assuming all other factors are equal)? coastal cities inland cities inland prairies high deserts

coastal cities

In clear weather, the air next to the ground is usually ______ than the air above during the night and ______ than the air above during the day. warmer; warmer colder; warmer colder; colder warmer; colder

colder; warmer

On a windy day, you would expect to record warmer daytime and warmer nighttime temperatures than on a day with calm winds. True False

false

The Southern Hemisphere has warmer summers and colder winters than the Northern Hemisphere. True False

false

The earth is tilted at an angle of 23.5 degrees with respect to the plane of its orbit around the sun. If the amount of tilt were increased to 40 degrees, we would expect in middle latitudes: hotter summers and milder winters than at present. hotter summers and colder winters than at present. cooler summers and milder winters than at present. cooler summers and colder winters than at present. no appreciable change from present conditions.

hotter summers and colder winters than at present.

In most areas, the warmest time of the day about 5 feet above the ground occurs: in the afternoon between 3 and 5 p.m. in the early evening after 6 p.m. around noon. just before the sun sets.

in the afternoon between 3 and 5 p.m.

After the winter solstice at middle latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere, the length of the day experiencing daylight ____. increases decreases does not change is exactly 12 hours long

increases

Lines on a map connecting points of equal temperature are called ____. isobars isotherms thermals thermographs

isotherms

Northern Hemisphere? March 21 June 21 September 22 July 21

june 21