Module 5
monitoring of drug levels is required during the parenteral Because this category of drug may cause permanent hearing loss and kidney damage?
Aminoglycosides
A patient has been prescribed oral ciprofloxacin [Cipro] for a skin infection. When administering the medication, it is most important for the nurse to do what?A. Monitor for a decrease in the prothrombin time (PT) if the patient is also taking warfarin [Coumadin]B. Withhold antacids and milk products for 6 hours before or 2 hours afterwardC. Inform the healthcare provider if the patient has a history of asthma D. Assess the skin for Stevens-Johnson syndrome
B
A patient is prescribed acyclovir [Zovirax] by mouth. The nurse should assess the patient for which adverse effects associated with oral acyclovir therapy? A. Stomatitis and gastritis B. Nausea, vomiting, and diarrheaC. Hives, difficulty breathing, and angioedemaD. Tinnitus and decreased hearing
B
A patient is prescribed cefixime. The nurse should teach the patient to immediately report any signs of what? A. Milk intolerance B. Skin rash, hives, or itching C. Constipation, nausea, or vomiting D. Headache, contusions, or seizures
B
A patient is prescribed celecoxib [Celebrex] and warfarin [Coumadin]. The nurse should monitor the patient for what? A. Renal toxicity B. Bleeding C. Stroke symptoms D. Dysrhythmias
B
This is ordered for a client only 32 weeks pregnant and having regular labor contractions?
Betamethasone
A patient has been prescribed pharmacologic doses of glucocorticoids. It is most important for the nurse to teach the patient to do what?A.Increase intake of dietary sodium.B.Take antibiotics to prevent infection.C.Never abruptly withdraw therapy.D.Have an eye examination every year
C
A patient is receiving amphotericin B to treat a systemic fungal infection. To prevent renal damage, it is most important for the nurse to do what?A. Administer the medication through a central venous access deviceB. Administer potassium supplementsC. Administer 1000 mL of 0.9% salineD. Administer the medication orally
C
A patient who takes warfarin is prescribed itraconazole [Sporanox] to treat a fungal infection. The nurse will teach the patient to do what?A. Take the medication with famotidine [Pepcid] to reduce gastric upsetB. Prepare for long-term intravenous administration of itraconazoleC. Avoid taking esomeprazole [Nexium] with itraconazole therapyD. Double the dose of warfarin
C
A patient has been prescribed docosanol [Abreva] cream for herpes labialis. Which statement will the nurse include in patient teaching?A. Apply the cream twice a day.B. Use of the cream will cut the duration of the herpes simplex lesion in half.C. Many serious adverse effects are associated with use of this medication.D. Apply the cream at the first sign of recurrence.
D
A patient is prescribed cefazolin. It is most important for the nurse to teach the patient to avoid which substance while taking cefazolin? A. Warfarin B. Milk products C. Digitalis D. Alcohol
D
A patient is prescribed vancomycin orally for antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis. The nurse will monitor the patient for what? a. Leukopenia b. "Red man" syndrome c. Liver impairment d. Ototoxicity
D
A patient who takes over-the counter-diphenhydramine [Benadryl] for seasonal allergy symptoms complains of drowsiness. What should the nurse do?A. Instruct the patient to drink caffeinated beverages.B. Recommend taking the medication with meals.C. Ask the patient's health care provider to prescribe hydroxyzine [Vistaril].D. Tell the patient to take cetirizine [Zyrtec] instead of diphenhydramine.
D
A prescriber states that a patient will need to receive penicillin intravenously. The nurse anticipates administering which drug?A. Penicillin V B. Procaine penicillin G C. Benzathine penicillin G D. Potassium penicillin G
D
It is most important for the nurse to avoid administering oral ciprofloxacin to this patient with which food?A. BananasB. Baked chickenC. Grapefruit juiceD. Milk
D
These drugs are given to slow the progression of joint disintegration.
DMARDS
How are glucocorticoids side effects?
Elevates blood glucose promotes storage of glucose in the form of glycogen reduces muscle mass decreases the protein matrix of bone causes thinning of the skin negative nitrogen balance lipolysis redistribution of fat "moon face" "buffalo hump"
20 minutes after taking amoxicillin a client develops SOB and a cough what medication should be administered stat?
Epinephrine
After an intramuscular injection of penicillin, a patient develops severe difficulty breathing and a swollen tongue. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer?
Epinephrine
A category of medications most commonly used for respiratory tract infections skin infections, and genitourinary infection.
Macrolides
This medication would be selected to treat a two-month-old child for oral candidiasis?
Nystatin
this drug is most effective when begun within two days after flu symptom onset?
Oseltamivir
This drug can reduce the child's resistance to certain infectious processes and, as an anti-inflammatory medication, mask infection
Prednisone
What is aldosterone?
Secreted from the adrenal cortex and promotes sodium, chloride, and water reabsorption in the kidneys.
Blistering skin may occur in a nursing infant if the breastfeeding mother takes medications in this category?
Sulfonamides
The client should avoid taking this drug with dairy products to help prevent chelation?
Tetracycline
is the best treatment for MRSA?
Vancomycin
What does aldosterone regulate?
volume of fluids in the body
A patient is prescribed doxycycline (Vibramycin). If the patient complains of gastric irritation, the nurse should: Option 1: Instruct the patient to take the medication with milk Option 2: Tell the patient to take an antacid with the medication Option 3: Give the patient food such as crackers or toast with the medication Option 4: Have the patient stop the medication immediately and contact the healthcare provider
3
A patient drinks five to six alcoholic beverages per day and takes acetaminophen [Tylenol] for pain relief. The nurse should caution the patient to do what? A. Limit intake of acetaminophen to less than 2000 mg/day B. Avoid taking acetaminophen for pain C. Take acetaminophen with food to reduce the risk of liver damage D. Avoid taking any pain reliever other than acetaminophen
A
A patient is prescribed an antibiotic to treat a urinary tract infection. What statement by the patient indicates a need forfurther teaching?A. "I can stop the medication as soon as the symptoms have disappeared."B. "I will drink more fluids to help clear up the infection." C. "I will stop the medication and contact the doctor if I develop a rash." D. "I should immediately report vaginal itching or discharge."
A
The patient is being discharged with continued ciprofloxacin therapy. When providing discharge teaching, the nurse should advise the patient to call the healthcare provider immediately if what develops?A. Pain in the heel of the footB. NauseaC. DiarrheaD. Headache
A
The patient is ordered daily divided doses of gentamycin. The patient received an intravenous dose of gentamycin at 4:00 pm. When should the nurse obtain the peak level?A. 4:30 pmB. 5:00 pm C. 5:30 pmD. 6:00 pm
A
Which statement about allergic reactions to penicillin does the nurse identify as true?A. Anaphylactic reactions occur more frequently with penicillins than with any other drug.B. Allergy to penicillin always increases over time. C. Benadryl is the drug of choice for anaphylaxis due to penicillin allergy.D. Patients allergic to penicillin are also allergic to vancomycin.
A
A patient has been receiving long-term prednisone therapy for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The chart indicates that the patient has developed Cushing's syndrome. When performing a physical assessment, the nurse anticipates finding all but which manifestation of Cushing's syndrome?A.Hypoglycemia B.Muscle weakness C.Glucosuria D."Buffalo hump"
A.
Age 28 year old client who is diagnosed with genital herpes after having unprotected sex with multiple partners would be prescribed this medication?
Acyclovir
How does penicillin kill bacteria?
They kill actively growing cells by weakening the peptidoglycan until the bacteria bursts
Nonaspirin NSAIDs differ from aspirin in all but which way? A. They cause reversible inhibition of COX, so their effects decline as soon as their blood levels decline. B. They can suppress platelet aggregation, but they are not used to prevent MI and stroke. C. They increase the risk of MI and stroke and therefore should be used in the lowest effective dosage for the shortest possible time. D. They are safe to use in children with chickenpox or influenza.
B
A patient with a history of a severe anaphylactic reaction to penicillin has an order to receive cephalosporin. What should the nurse do?A. Administer the cephalosporin as ordered.B. Contact the health care provider for a different antibiotic.C. Administer a test dose of cephalosporin to determine reactivity.D. Have an epinephrine dose available when administering the cephalosporin.
B
Before administering gentamycin, it is most important for the nurse to assess the patient for a history of what?A. Hypertension B. Myasthenia gravis C. Diabetes mellitusD. Asthma
B
Which statement about superinfections does the nurse identify as true?A. Superinfections are more common in patients treated with narrow-spectrum drugs.B. Superinfection is defined as a new infection that appears. during the course of treatment for a primary infection. C. Superinfections are caused by viruses. D. Superinfections are easy to treat.
B
which patient should receive prophylactic antibiotic therapy? a. a patient who is to have his teeth cleaned b. a patient who is scheduled for a hysterectomy c. a patient with a white blood cell count of 8000 cells/mm3 d. a patient with a high fever without an identifiable cause
B
Fluoroquinolones should be discontinued immediately if what happens?A. Nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea is experienced.B. Dizziness, headache, or confusion occurs.C. Tendon pain or inflammation develops.D. Theophylline is prescribed for asthma.
C
Which statement about oseltamivir [Tamiflu] does the nurse identify as true?A. Oseltamivir must be administered on an empty stomach.B. The drug is administered via an inhaler.C. Oseltamivir can be used to treat and prevent influenza.D. The drug is approved for use in infants 6 months of age or older.
C
A patient with systemic lupus erythematosus is prescribed prednisone. It is most important for the nurse to monitor the patient for what?A.HypotensionB.Elevated potassium levelsC.Neck and back painD.Hypoglycemia
C.
The nurse is caring for a patient receiving intravenous gentamicin for a severe bacterial infection. Which assessment finding by the nurse indicates the patient is experiencing an adverse effect of gentamycin therapy?A. Blurred visionB. Hand tremorsC. Urinary frequencyD. Tinnitus
D
Which statement by a new nurse about intravenous administration of amphotericin B indicates the nurse needs more education?A. Almost all patients receiving amphotericin B experience some degree of nephrotoxicity.B. Patients receiving amphotericin B should be under close supervision in a hospital.C. Heparin can be used in the infusion site to prevent phlebitis associated with amphotericin B therapy.D. Diphenhydramine plus acetaminophen can minimize rigors associated with amphotericin B therapy.
D
What dos glucocorticoids hormone maintain?
Maintains blood pressure and blood glucose levels
treats C.diff, Gardnerella vaginitis, and H. pylori associated with peptic ulcer disease?
Metronidazole
Places a client at risk for Achilles tendon rupture
ciprofloxacin
The nurse is reviewing laboratory values from a patient who has been prescribed gentamicin. To prevent ototoxicity, it is most important for the nurse to monitor which value(s)?A. Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels B. Trough drug levels of gentamicin C. Peak drugs levels of gentamicinD. Serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels
b