Module 5.1 Quiz

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Which receptors are responsible for the perception of color?

Cones only

The optic nerve is composed of axons from which kind of cell?

Ganglion cells

Which statement characterizes the fovea?

It has the greatest perception of detail

Why does the fovea provide the clearest, most detailed visual information?

It has tightly packed receptors

Which statement is TRUE with regard to peripheral vision?

It is easier to recognize single objects in the periphery that are not surrounded by other objects

Why do humans perceive faint light better in the periphery of the eye?

More receptors in the periphery than in the fovea funnel input to each ganglion cell

After you stare at a bright green object for a minute and look away, you see red. Which theory attempts to explain this finding?

Opponent-process theory

_____ modify the _____________ sensitivity to different wavelengths of light

Opsins; photopigments

_____________ are chemicals that release energy when struck by light

Photopigments

In what order does visual information pass through the retina?

Receptor cells, bipolar cells, ganglion cells

Light from the right half of the world strikes which part of the retina?

The left half

Light energy converts 11-cis-retinal to...

all-trans-retinal

In comparison to cones, rods...

are more sensitive to dim light

In the human retina, messages go from the receptors at the back of the eye to...

bipolar cells

The name of the point at which the optic nerve leaves the retina is called the _____ ____

blind spot

According the the retinex theory, we perceive color by...

contrasting the activity in one area of the visual field with that of the others

The law of specific nerve energies states that...

every stimulation of the optic nerve is perceived as light

Bipolar cells send their messages to ______ _____, which are located close to the center of the eye

ganglion cells

Bipolar cells send their messages to _______ _____, which are located close to the center of the eye

ganglion cells

The most common form of color vision deficiency is due to...

long and medium-wavelength cones making the same photopigment

According to the trichromatic theory of color vision...

our perception of color depends on relative activity of three types of cones

Chemicals that release energy when struck by light are called...

photopigments

Light enters the eye through an opening in the center of the iris called the...

pupil

Color constancy is the ability to...

recognize the color of an object despite changes in lighting

Difficulty distinguishing between ___ and _____ is the most common form of color vision deficiency

red; green

Color and brightness constancy are best explained by the _______ theory of color vision

retinex

In comparison to the rods, cones are more...

sensitive to detail

Rods are to ___ _________ as cones are to ___ _____

the periphery; the fovea

At the level of rods and cones, the ____________ theory seems to fit best, while at the level of the bipolar cells, the ________ _______ theory seems to fit best

trichromatic; opponent process

According to the law of specific nerve energies, the brain tells the difference between one sensory modality and another by...

which neurons are active


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