Module 6 - Science and Sources for Vitamins, Minerals and Water

Minerals are organic compounds.

False

Which of the following B vitamins is especially important for women of childbearing age to prevent neural tube defects?

Folate

The chief ion used to maintain the volume of fluid outside cells is:

Sodium

Populations of people with high intakes of vegetables and fruits rich in antioxidant nutrients have low rates of:

Cancer

For women and men in the 19-50 year old range, the calcium DRI is _________ milligrams.

1000

Which of the following appear to help prevent and treat hypertension in certain populations?

All of the above adequate calcium adequate potassium weight reduction (if overweight to start with) limit sodium intake

Thiamin deficiency disease is known as:

Beriberi

Water excretion is regulated by which organs?

Brain Kidneys

Which of the following minerals hardens and stabilizes the crystals of the teeth and makes the enamel resistant to decay?

flouride

which of the following statements are true about water-soluble vitamins? quizlet

they are easily excreted in the urine they can be leached out of foods by cooking in water.

Vitamin A plays an important role in :

vision reproduction

Researchers state that the immune system is positively affected by:

vitamin C

Which of the following must be available to the body for thyroxine to be synthesized?

iodine

Vitamin C supplements enhance the absorption of ___________.

iron

You have a friend who has very little exposure to the sun and she consumes very few calcium-rich foods. In addition, she has a 2 year old child and 3 month old twins. Your friend is at very high risk for developing:

osteomalacia (weak bones)

In the U.S. scurvy is seldom seen today except in:

people addicted to alcohol

Which of the following is the principal positively charged ion inside the body cells.

potassium

A compound in food that can be converted into an active vitamin inside the body is known as a(an):

precursor or a provitamin

The principal food source of chloride is:

salt

Effects of protein-energy malnutrition on the body's defense system include:

skin becomes thinner with less connective tissue. antibody secretions and immune cell number are reduced

Preferred ways to cook vegetables include:

steamed with a little water microwaved with just a little water

The more processed a food typically:

the more sodium it contains the less potassium it contains

In which of the following ways do B vitamins interact with energy-yielding nutrients?

They are not a source of energy, but they are needed to convert the foods we eat into usable energy form for our body.

The first sign of dehydration is:

Thirst

A resting blood pressure of 118 over 76 is considered within the "normal" range for good health.

True

Chocolate is a food source of magnesium.

True

Eating a meal high in salt (or sodium) can temporarily increase the body's water content.

True

Fat soluble vitamins can have toxic effects when over-supplemented.

True

An uninformed strict vegetarian (vegan) is at special risk for ________ deficiency.

Vitamin B12

All of the following are fat-soluble vitamins except:

Vitamin C

Which of the following makes up about 60 percent of the body's weight?

Water

By definition, a vitamin is all of the following except:

a non-essential nutrient

Vitamin E serves as a (an):

antioxidant

Vitamin K is best described as:

being involved with blood clotting

Which of the following substances is converted to Vitamin A in the body?

beta-carotene

Milk is a rich food source of which mineral?

calcium

Which of the following is the most abundant mineral in the body?

calcium

Foods rich in beta carotene include:

carrots mango

The B vitamins act as part of:

coenzymes

Osteoporosis is most often associated with

underweight

Antioxidant nutrients that actively scavenge and quench free radicals in the body include:

Vitamins E and C