more sociii
true
100. In the United States, men have a higher suicide rate than women.
d
79. The term "sociology" was coined in 1838 by a. Karl Marx. b. Herbert Spencer. c. Adam Smith. d. Auguste Comte.
b
80. The ideal of objectivity means that a researcher a. must not care personally about the topic being studied. b. must try to be personally neutral about the outcome of the research. c. must study issues that have no particular value to society as a whole. d. must carry out research that will encourage desirable social change.
c
81. Two of sociology's early founders were a. Auguste Comte and C. Wright Mills. b. C. Wright Mills and Karl Marx. c. Auguste Comte and Karl Marx. d. Robert Merton and Emile Durkheim.
d
82. If we state that children raised in single-parent families are at high risk of being single parents themselves, we have constructed a __________ of family life. a. framework b. principle c. concept d. theory
a
83. Which theoretical approach is closest to that taken by early sociologists Auguste Comte and Emile Durkheim? a. structural-functional approach b. social-conflict approach c. symbolic-interaction approach d. social-exchange approach
a
84. The theoretical approach in sociology that views society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability is the a. structural-functional approach. b. social-conflict approach. c. symbolic-interaction approach. d. social-exchange approach
c
85. What factors contribute to inequality within the educational system in the United States? a. Racism b. Socioeconomic status c. All of the above d. None of the above
d
86. Social structures sometimes have negative consequences for the operation of society. What Concept refers to these negative consequences? a. latent structure b. eufunctions c. manifest functions d. social dysfunctions
b
87. Identify the three sociologists below who played a part in the development of sociology's structural functional approach. a. Auguste Comte, Karl Marx, W. E. B. Du Bois b. Auguste Comte, Herbert Spencer, Emile Durkheim c. Herbert Spencer, Karl Marx, Auguste Comte d. Harriet Martineau, Robert Merton, W. E. B. Du Bois
b
88. The recognized and intended consequences of a social pattern are referred to as a. latent functions. b. manifest functions c. some kind of function d. dysfunctions.
a
89. Unrecognized and unintended consequences of the social structure are called a. latent functions. b. manifest functions. c. eufunctions. d. dysfunctions.
a
90. Which of the following is a social-conflict approach that deals with inequality between women and men? a. feminism and the gender-conflict approach b. the race-conflict approach c. the structural-functional approach d. the symbolic-interaction approach
d
91. Looking at the operation of U.S. schools, the social-conflict approach might lead a sociologist to conclude that a. the function of schools is to teach needed skills. b. the experience of schooling differs from child to child. c. schools have been a major path to social advancement. d. society provides much better schooling to some categories of students than to others.
d
92. For Karl Marx, the point of studying society was a. to understand how it really operates. b. to compare U.S. society to others. c. to encourage support for tradition. d. to reduce inequality.
a
93. The social-conflict approach might lead a sociologist to highlight a. class differences in a high school graduation rates. b. how schooling prepares people for jobs. c. the meanings people attach to schooling. d. how people present themselves to others at school.
c
94. Which early sociologist claimed that his goal was not to simply understand society but to change it? a. Herbert Spencer b. Talcott Parsons c. Karl Marx d. Emile Durkheim
a
95. Charles H. Cooley argued that the "self " emerges from how an individual interacts with Others and then interprets those interactions. He calls this: a. the looking glass self. b. the social self. c. the generalized other. d. the significant other.
b
96. To Marx, conflict between a small number of capitalists and a large number of workers would divide society. He referred to this large number of workers as: a. employees. b. proletariat c. subordinates. d. slaves
d
97. The sociologist who called on his colleagues to be value-free was a. Karl Marx. b. Emile Durkheim. c. Herbert Spencer. d. Max Weber.
c
98. In his study of prison behavior, Philip Zimbardo was trying to learn a. if better nutrition improves the lives of inmates. b. if putting more people in prison reduces crime. c. if prisons themselves create violence. d. why so many people are not concerned about prison violence.
true
99. One consequence of living in a low-income country for women is, on average, having more children than women living in high-income nations.
c
Which of the following statements best illustrates the career advantage a person gains by Studying sociology? a. A researcher discovers a new and effective vaccine. b. A person in retail sales knows how to exceed the monthly sales target. c. A police officer understands which categories of people are at high risk of becoming victims of crime. d. A financial services worker devises a new type of hedge fund.