Movements of Synovial joints

Hyperextension

extension is greater than 180 degrees, bening the trunk backward.

Extension

A movement that increases the angle of a joint and the distance between two bones or parts of the body (straightening the knee or elbow); the opposite of flexion

Flexion

A movement, generally in the sagittal plane, that decreases the angle of the joint and reduces the distance between the two bones.

4 terms refer to movements of the foot

Inversion, eversion, dorsiflexion, plantar flexion

Rotation

Movement of a bone around its longitudinal axis without lateral or medial displacement. Rotation, a common movement of ball-and-socket joints, also describes the movement of the atlas around the odontoid process of the axis.

Abduction

Movement of a limb away from the midline or median plane of the body, generally on the frontal plane, or the fanning movement of fingers or toes when they are spread apart.

Adduction

Movement of a limb toward the midline of the body or drawing the fingers or toes together, the opposite of abduction.

Supination

Movement of the palm from a posterior position to an anterior position (the anatomical position); the opposite of pronation. During supination, the radius and ulna are parallel.

Pronation

Movement of the palm of the hand from an anterior or upward-facing position to a posterior or downward-facing position. The distal end of the radius moves across the ulna.

Circumduction

A combination of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction commonly observed in ball-and-socket joints like the shoulder. The proximal end of the limb as a whole outlines a cone. Condyloid and saddle joints also allow circumduction

eversion

a movement htat results in the lateral turning of the sole of the foot; the opposite of inversion

dorsiflexion

a movement of the ankle joint in a dorsal direction (standing on one's heels)

plantar flexion

a movement of the ankle joint in which the foot is flexed downward (standing on one's toes or pointing the toes).

Inversion

a movement that results in the medial turning of the sole of the foot