MS Quiz 19 Review | Respiratory Disorders and Medications

33. A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride 30 mEq PO daily. The amount available is potassium chloride 20 mEq/15mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth/whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

22.5 mL

32. A nurse is preparing to administer amoxicillin 350 mg PO. Available is amoxicillin 250 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round to the nearest whole number.)

7 mL

3. Which nursing intervention enhances the nutritional status of a patient with COPD? a. Offer small, frequent meals. b. Encourage extra liquids with meals. c. Assist the patient to exercise before meals. d. Supply information about nutrition.

a. Offer small, frequent meals.

31. A nurse is collecting data from a school-age child who has asthma. The nurse should identify which of the following findings? a. Periodic episodes of wheezing b. Cough productive of blood-flecked sputum c. Low-grade fever in the afternoon d. Abrupt onset of sharp pleuritic pain

a. Periodic episodes of wheezing

5. What is the result of status asthmaticus that is not corrected? a. Pneumothorax, severe hypoxemia, and respiratory arrest b. Hypertension, cerebrovascular accident (CVA), and cardiac arrest c. Respiratory alkalosis, pneumonia, and death d. Lung abscess, cor pulmonale, and respiratory failure

a. Pneumothorax, severe hypoxemia, and respiratory arrest

25. What signs and symptoms are characteristic of a patient with chronic blue bloater bronchitis? (Select all that apply.) a. Productive cough b. Peripheral edema c. Discolored teeth d. Exertional dyspnea e. Elevated red blood cell count

a. Productive cough b. Peripheral edema d. Exertional dyspnea e. Elevated red blood cell count

6. What should a nurse focus on when assessing for major sources of infection in a patient with COPD? a. Stasis of respiratory secretions b. Low body weight c. Episodes of postural hypotension d. Delayed antigen-antibody response

a. Stasis of respiratory secretions

20. A newly diagnosed patient with non small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is anxious about upcoming surgery. Which intervention by the nurse would be most helpful? a. Support the patient in preparation for surgery. b. Educate the patient regarding the high survival rate with this type of carcinoma. c. Assure the patient that chemotherapy and radiation can be used in this sort of cancer. d. Refer the patient to the American Cancer Society for postdischarge follow-up.

a. Support the patient in preparation for surgery.

27. A nurse is caring for a client who was placed on isolation precautions for active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? (Select all that apply.) a. Use an alcohol-based hand cleaner unless hands are visibly soiled. b. Remind the client to cover her mouth with a tissue when coughing. c. Determine whether the client lives alone or with others.

a. Use an alcohol-based hand cleaner unless hands are visibly soiled. b. Remind the client to cover her mouth with a tissue when coughing. c. Determine whether the client lives alone or with others.

9. A patient with TB asks the nurse how long he will have to take his TB medications. What is the nurse's best response? a. "Generally about 2 weeks." b. "Depending on the drug, it may be as long as 2 years." c. "TB drugs are usually taken throughout the lifespan." d. "People frequently ask that question. It depends on many things."

b. "Depending on the drug, it may be as long as 2 years."

13. A nurse is assigned to care for a patient with the diagnosis of centriacinar (centrilobular) emphysema. What is a characteristic of this type of emphysema? a. No significant smoking history in the patient b. Enlarged and broken down bronchioles with intact alveoli c. Hypoelastic bronchi and bronchioles d. Deficiency of the enzyme inhibitor alpha1-antitrypsin.

b. Enlarged and broken down bronchioles with intact alveoli

35. A home health nurse is visiting a client who has COPD and is receiving oxygen at 2 L/min via nasal cannula. The client tells the nurse she has been having difficulty breathing. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority currently? a. Increase the oxygen flow to 3L/min b. Evaluate the client's respiratory status c. Call EMS for the client d. Have the client cough and expectorate secretions

b. Evaluate the client's respiratory status

21. A nurse documents and reports the presence of foul, bulky stool in a patient with cystic fibrosis (CF). What does this finding indicate about the patient? a. Is being adequately maintained on the present dose of pancreatic enzyme b. Is not adequately digesting food c. Has diarrhea related to excess mucus in the bowel d. Has inadequate hydration

b. Is not adequately digesting food

A patient with asthma asks the purpose of learning how to use a peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) device. What is the nurses best response regarding PEFR? a. Dilates the bronchi to relieve dyspnea b. Measures expired air to evaluate ventilation c. Soothes inflamed bronchi, reducing spasm d. Liquefies sputum for easier expectoration

b. Measures expired air to evaluate ventilation

7. A young patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) reports debilitating night sweats. Why should the home health nurse suggest that the patient visit the clinic? a. To get a prescription for antibiotics b. Tuberculosis (TB) screening c. Complete blood count (CBC) d. Treatment with an aerosol inhalant

b. Tuberculosis (TB) screening

8. A nurse is caring for an 80-year-old patient with COPD and suspects right-sided heart failure after assessing and recording the data. What should decrease with right-sided heart failure? a. Blood pressure b. Urine output c. Respirations d. Heart rate

b. Urine output

19. A patient with COPD delightedly tells the nurse that he has quit smoking and is using chewing tobacco. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention? a. Congratulate him on his quitting smoking. b. Warn him of the dangers of oral cancer. c. Suggest that he add nicotine patches in addition to the chewing tobacco. d. Point out that he is still addicted and is using tobacco.

b. Warn him of the dangers of oral cancer.

30. A nurse is evaluating teaching on a client who has a new prescription for montelukast to treat asthma. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I'll rinse my mouth after taking this medication." b. "I'll take this medication when I get an asthma attack." c. "I'll take this medication once a day in the evening." d. "I'll use a spacer device when I inhale this medication."

c. "I'll take this medication once a day in the evening."

10. A patient with TB asks how to protect family members from the disease. Which discharge instruction given by the nurse is most informative? a. "Your family will need to take treatments to prevent infection." b. "You will need to wear a mask at home to protect your family members." c. "You should always cover your mouth and nose if coughing or sneezing." d. "You should avoid intimate contact with everyone."

c. "You should always cover your mouth and nose if coughing or sneezing."

11. A nurse is providing education to a patient taking rifampin as a result of an exposure to TB. What side effects of this drug should the nurse include? a. Extreme drowsiness b. Illness if aged cheese or smoked meats are consumed c. Body fluids to become red-orange d. Oral contraceptive pills to become ineffective

c. Body fluids to become red-orange

23. What nursing action should be implemented to help combat anorexia in a patient with COPD? a. Recommend a large meal in the middle of the day. b. Suggest taking only cold liquid nutritional drinks. c. Perform oral hygiene before meals. d. Gently exercise for 10 minutes before a meal.

c. Perform oral hygiene before meals.

15. A nurse recognizes that a patient diagnosed with COPD has a rising level of partial pressure of carbon dioxide (CO2) in arterial blood (PaCO2). How should the nurse interpret this assessment? a. More arterial O2 is available than is needed. b. The ventilation-perfusion ratio is becoming balanced. c. Respiratory acidosis has begun. d. The anticholinergic medications are effective.

c. Respiratory acidosis has begun.

2. What is a characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease that places a patient at risk for the nursing diagnosis of Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements? a. Increased metabolism b. Anxiety c. Chronic constipation d. Excessive respiratory effort

d. Excessive respiratory effort

18. What should a nurse expect when assessing the CBC results of a patient with chronic bronchitis? a. Decreased platelets b. Decreased white blood cells (WBCs) c. Increased eosinophils d. Increased red blood cells (RBCs)

d. Increased red blood cells (RBCs)

1. A nurse assesses wheezes in a patient with asthma. What should the nurse know is the cause of wheezes? a. Increased thickness of respiratory secretions b. Use of accessory muscles of respiration c. Tachypnea and tachycardia d. Movement of air through narrowed airways

d. Movement of air through narrowed airways

24. A nurse cautions a group of individuals with COPD that using O2 at levels greater than 1 to 3 L/min can cause the loss of their _____. (Fill in the blank)

hypoxic drive

16. A patient with COPD asks a nurse if nicotine patches are very effective for smoking cessation. What is the best response by the nurse? a. No. Only about 25% are successful. b. Yes. The success rate is between 50% and 60%. c. No. Prescriptions such as Wellbutrin are 90% effective. d. Yes. Individual success has been obtained with a combination of patches and gum.

a. No. Only about 25% are successful.

4. Which walking program would be the most effective for the nurse to recommend as part of a progressive walking program for an obese patient with COPD? a. 10 to 15 minutes a day b. 20 to 30 minutes a day c. 45 to 60 minutes a day d. Up to 2 hours a day

a. 10 to 15 minutes a day

26. A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the parents of a child who has cystic fibrosis and a prescription for pancrelipase capsules. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Administer the medications with meals and snacks. b. Tell your child to chew the capsules thoroughly. c. Discontinue the medication when the child's symptoms resolve. d. Observe for signs of bleeding.

a. Administer the medications with meals and snacks.

29. A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching on actions that improve gas exchange to a client diagnosed with emphysema. Which of the following instructions should be included in the teaching? a. Breathe in through her nose and out through pursed lips. b. Take three deep abdominal breath, bend forward, and cough while saying the word "who" on exhalation. c. Lie flat on back, splint the thorax, take two deep breaths and cough. d. Take several rapid, shallow breaths and then cough forcefully.

a. Breathe in through her nose and out through pursed lips.

14. A patient with COPD has a nursing diagnosis of Activity intolerance, related to inability to meet O2 needs. Which intervention is inappropriate for this diagnosis? a. Bunch all nursing activities and treatments close together. b. Schedule rest periods during the day. c. Assist the patient only when needed to encourage independence. d. Provide daily ambulation to build tolerance.

a. Bunch all nursing activities and treatments close together.

28. A nurse is caring for a client who has COPD. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Encourage the client to drink at least 8 glasses of water every day. b. Initiate oxygen therapy and reassess the client in 10 minutes. c. Draw blood for an ABG analysis and send the client for a chest x-ray. d. Administer ordered bronchodilators

a. Encourage the client to drink at least 8 glasses of water every day.

22. What should a patient that had the BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Gurin) vaccine 2 years ago anticipate? a. False-positive result from TB skin tests b. Being at risk for contracting TB c. 3-week prophylactic protocol of rifampin or isoniazid (isonicotinic acid hydrazide [INH]) d. Needing a booster every 2 years

a. False-positive result from TB skin tests

17. A patient with cystic fibrosis (CF) furiously refuses any more manual chest physiotherapeutic treatment. Which alternative is appropriate for the nurse to suggest? a. Flutter mucus device b. Increase ambulation to 1 to 2 hours a day c. Steam inhalator several times a day d. Drink 3 quarts of fluid per day

a. Flutter mucus device

34. A provider is discharging a client with a prescription for home oxygen therapy. The nurse should reinforce which of the following instructions with the client and his family? (Select all that apply) a. Make sure the straps on the mask are secure but not too tight. b. Check the tops of his ears regularly for skin breakdown. c. Post "no smoking" warning signs at home in a prominent location. d. Increase dietary intake of raw vegetables.

a. Make sure the straps on the mask are secure but not too tight. b. Check the tops of his ears regularly for skin breakdown. c. Post "no smoking" warning signs at home in a prominent location.