MT History Final
Richard Rodgers
(1902-1979) Produced many of the finest songs of the 20th C., in collaboration with lyricists Lorenz Hart and Oscar Hammerstein II. Wrote musical "Oklahoma!" with Oscar Hammerstein II in 1943
The Phantom of the Opera
(Andrew Lloyd Webber; Charles Hart & Richard Stilgoe; Richard Stilgoe & Andrew Lloyd Webber; 1986). At the Paris Opera in 1881, the mysterious Phantom lures the soprano Christine Daae to his lair ("The Music of the Night"). Christine falls in love with the opera's new patron, Raoul, so the Phantom drops a chandelier and kidnaps Christine. They kiss, but he disappears, leaving behind only his white mask. Adapted from the eponymous 1909 novel by Gaston Leroux, it is the longest-running show in Broadway history.
My Fair Lady
(Frederick Loewe; Alan Jay Lerner; Alan Jay Lerner; 1956). As part of a bet with his friend Colonel Pickering, phonetics professor Henry Higgins transforms cockney flower girl Eliza Doolittle into a proper lady. After Eliza falls for Freddy Eynsforth-Hill, Higgins realizes he is in love with Eliza. Eliza returns to Higgins' home in the final scene. It is adapted from George Bernard Shaw's play Pygmalion.
Annie Get Your Gun
(Irving Berlin, Herbert Fields, and Dorothy Fields, 1946). Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show comes to town, and performer Frank Butler challenges anyone to a shooting contest. Annie Oakley wins the contest and joins the show. She and Frank fall in love, but Frank quits out of jealousy that Annie is a better shooter than he is. The title role was originated by Ethel Merman, and songs in the show include "There's No Business Like Show Business," "Doin' What Comes Natur'lly," and "Anything You Can Do."
West Side Story
(Leonard Bernstein; Stephen Sondheim; Arthur Laurents; 1957). Riff and Bernardo lead two rival gangs: the blue-collar Jets and the Sharks from Puerto Rico. Tony, a former Jet, falls in love with the Bernardo's sister Maria and vows to stop the fighting, but he kills Bernardo after Bernardo kills Riff in a "rumble." Maria's suitor Chino shoots Tony, and the two gangs come together. Notable songs include "America," "Tonight," "Somewhere," "I Feel Pretty," and "Gee, Officer Krupke." Adapted from Romeo and Juliet, it was made into an Academy Award-winning 1961 film starring Natalie Wood.
South Pacific
(Richard Rodgers, Oscar Hammerstein II, and Joshua Logan, 1949). During the Pacific Theater of World War II, Nellie Forbush, a U.S. Navy nurse, has fallen in love with Emile, a French plantation owner. Emile helps Lt. Cable carry out an espionage mission against the Japanese. The mission is successful, and Emile and Nellie reunite. Featuring the songs "Some Enchanted Evening," "There is Nothing Like a Dame," and "I'm Gonna Wash that Man Right Outta My Hair," it is adapted from James Michener's Tales of the South Pacific.
The Sound of Music
(Richard Rodgers; Oscar Hammerstein II; Howard Lindsey & Russel Crouse; 1959). Maria, a young woman studying to be a nun in Nazi-occupied Austria, becomes governess to the seven children of Captain von Trapp. She teaches the children to sing ("My Favorite Things," "Do-Re-Mi"), and she and the Captain fall in love and get married. After Maria and the von Trapps give a concert for the Nazis ("Edelweiss"), they escape Austria ("Climb Ev'ry Mountain"). It was adapted into an Academy Award-winning 1965 film starring Julie Andrews.
Cole Porter
- Anything Goes - Kiss Me Kate
Andrew Lloyd Weber
- Cats, began commercialism/selling product - Phantom of the Opera, rock music -Joseph and the Technicolor Dream Coat, rock music -Jesus Christ Superstar, once again... ROCK MUSIC -British composer
Lorenz Hart
- Jewish - homosexual - drank himself to death - phenomenal lyricist - Richard Rodgers' first partner (before Oscar Hammerstein II)
Alan Jay Lerner & Frederick Lowe
- My Fair Lady - golden age
Ethel Merman
-"Trumpet-voiced" actress who became famous after singing "I Got Rhythm" in 1930 -Annie Get Your Gun, Gypsy
Of Thee I Sing
-1933 with music by Jerome Kern, and lyrics and book by Otto Harbach. The musical is based on the novel Gowns by Roberta by Alice Duer Miller
Julie Andrews
-Actress cast at the age of 19 as Eliza Doolittle in "My Fair Lady" -Sound of Music movie
George M. Cohan
-American composer famous for his World War I songs: "Over There" and "You're A Grand Ole Flag" - magical quick changes, patriotism
Michael Friedman
-BBAJ -victim of HIV/AIDS
Sweet Charity
-Bob Fosse -Sweet Charity is a musical with music by Cy Coleman, lyrics by Dorothy Fields and book by Neil Simon. It was directed and choreographed for Broadway by Bob Fosse starring his wife and muse Gwen Verdon alongside John McMartin. It is based on the screenplay for the Italian film Nights of Cabiria
Bob Fosse
-Chicago -Sweet Charity -Cabaret -choreo -new style of dance
John Kander & Fred Ebb
-Chicago -Cabaret -golden age?
Lin-Manuel Miranda
-Hamilton -In the Heights
Stephen Sondheim
-Into the woods -Sweeney Todd -lyrics for West Side Story
Show Boat
-Jerome Kern & Oscar Hammerstein II -blends the INTEGRATION of opera & musical comedy -covered many musicals & dramatic styles -pop songs were sometimes brought in to be used -one of the 1st shows that showed real humans in real situations (realism) -shocking to audiences -still currently in regular use
Ira Gershwin
-Man who wrote lyrics to his brother's musical compositions -
Oklahoma!
-Oklahoma! is the first musical written by the team of composer Richard Rodgers and librettist Oscar Hammerstein II. The musical is based on Lynn Riggs' 1931 play, Green Grow the Lilacs -first fully integrated musical -music, choreography, and book -Agnes de Mille
Helen Morgan
-Played the role of Julie in original Broadway version of Showboat, as well as in the movie version -- known for being more experienced, risk-ay and mature. -"Bill" -"Cant Help Lovin' That Man"
The Schubert Brothers
-Schubert theatre -directors and producers -established Broadway district (family name)
Kurt Weill
-The Threepenny Opera -worked with Brecht -German
Michael Bennett
-choreo for A Chorus Line
Jerome Robbins
-choreographed West Side - ^ Fiddler - ^ The King and I
Gower Champion
-directed Hello Dolly - choreographed and director of 42nd Street -in Showboat -golden age
George Abbott
-director -directed 26 musicals -wrote all or part of many of the librettos in his shows -"The Abbott Touch" -streamlined scripts -appreciated the importance of dance
Julie Taymor
-director of The Lion King -director of Spiderman Turn Off The Dark
Fanny Brice
-excelled as both a chanteuse and a comedienne -eventually appeared in more Follies than any other performer -first Jewish american entertainer to attain stardom while waving her ethnicity like a banner
Irving Berlin
-jazz golden age -rag -White Christmas
Anna Held
-married to Ziegfeld -pretended to be French -started idea for Ziegfeld Follies -was eventually left by Ziegfeld
Florenz Ziegfeld
-most powerful producer in the american musical theater for the early 1900's -raised the bar of Broadway production values -elevated the place of showgirls and comedians in entertainment
Kiss Me, Kate
-musical written by Samuel and Bella Spewack with music and lyrics by Cole Porter -based on Taming of the Shrew
Name two different ways Stacy Wolf argues you can read Maria in The Sound of Music to view her through a feminist lesbian lens.
1. Maria is "different" she breaks the status quo of how women are supposed to be 2. no real relationship with the Captain
No, No, Nanette
1925 musical based on the play My Lady Friends three couples in an Atlantic City blackmail scheme Jimmy Smith, Sue Smith, Nanette "Tea for Two", "I Want to Be Happy".
Anything Goes
1934 Cole Porter show of antics on NY to London ship Billy Crocker, Reno Sweeney, Hope Harcourt, Moonface Martin "Anything Goes", "You're the Top", "I Get a Kick Out of You."
The Pajama Game
1954 musical based on the novel 7½ Cents by R. Bissell labor troubles and love in a pajama factory Sid Sorokin, Catherine "Babe" Williams, Myron "Old Man" Hasler, Gladys Hotchkiss "Hey There", "Steam Heat"
Funny Girl
1964 musical about Ziegfeld Follies star Fanny Brice Fanny, Nick Arnstein "People", "You Are Woman, I Am Man", "Don't Rain on My Parade"
Dorothy Fields
1st successful female to come out of Tin Pan Alley; lyricist/librettist; gave strong female voice to musicals
Jersey Boys
2005 docu-musical about The Four Seasons Frankie Valli, Tommy DeVito, Bob Gaudio, Nick Massi "Earth Angel", "Sherry", "Can't Take My Eyes Off of You"
Che!
?
Fred Astaire
A twentieth-century American entertainer who danced in many film musicals with partners such as Ginger Rogers. He was admired for his speed and grace and for his apparently effortless approach to dancing.
Chita Rivera
American actress, dancer, and singer best known for her roles in musical theatre. She is the first Hispanic woman and the first Latino American[1] to receive a Kennedy Center Honors award (December 2002). She was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2009
Bye Bye Birdie
An Elvis-like rock star (Conrad Birdie) appears on the Ed Sullivan Show one last time after being drafted into the Army to the delight of his legion of teenage fans.
Oh! Calcutta!
An avant-garde theatrical revue, created by British drama critic Kenneth Tynan. The show, consisting of sketches on sex-related topics, debuted Off-Broadway in 1969 and then in the West End in 1970. It ran in London for over 3,900 performances, and in New York initially for 1,314
Porgy and Bess
An opera with music by George Gershwin. It depicts life in the African-American community of Charleston, south Carolina. One of the title characters is a handicapped beggar who protects the other title character, only to have her leave town with a rival.
According to Warren Hoffman's The Great White Way: Race and the Broadway Musical, how are Native Americans/First People portrayed in Annie Get Your Gun and Oklahoma!?
Annie: cultural appropriation "I'm an Indian Too" Oklahoma: never seen but are treated as common enemy
Victor Herbert
Babes in Toyland, Naughty Marietta, Copyright Act of 1909; Founding member of ASCAP
Carousel
Carousel is the second musical by the team of Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein II. The 1945 work was adapted from Ferenc Molnár's 1909 play Liliom, transplanting its Budapest setting to the Maine coastline
In what ways did mega-musicals commercialize on their works to create a unique brand for their shows?
Cats has merchandise of every kind.
how would you suggest reading a different golden age heroine to be able to view her through a feminist reading, a lesbian reading, or both?
Eliza Doolittle from My Fair Lady. No true love relation or want with anyone. Strong, independent etc...
How did Rodgers & Hammerstein place character importance at the forefront of their musicals?
Everything drove the plot or a character arch forward
Flora the Red Menace
Flora the Red Menace is a musical with a book by George Abbott and Robert Russell, music by John Kander, and lyrics by Fred Ebb. The original 1965 production starred Liza Minnelli in the title role in her Broadway debut, for which she won a Tony Award for Best Actress in a Musical
Hair
Hair: The American Tribal Love-Rock Musical is a rock musical with a book and lyrics by Gerome Ragni and James Rado and music by Galt MacDermot. A product of the hippie counterculture and sexual revolution of the late 1960s, several of its songs became anthems of the anti-Vietnam War peace movement
I'm Getting My Act Together and Taking It On the Road
I'm Getting My Act Together and Taking It on the Road is a musical with music by Nancy Ford and book and lyrics by Gretchen Cryer. The show premiered Off-Broadway in 1978
Barbra Streisand
Impact recording artist who has delighted audiences on Broadway, in movies, and in concert, also known for her successful LP sales.
In The Heights
In the Heights is a musical with music and lyrics by Lin-Manuel Miranda and a book by Quiara Alegría Hudes. The story is set over the course of three days, involving characters in the largely Hispanic-American neighborhood of Washington Heights in New York City
La Cage Aux Folles
La Cage aux Folles is a musical with a book by Harvey Fierstein and lyrics and music by Jerry Herman
Lady In The Dark
Lady in the Dark is a musical with music by Kurt Weill, lyrics by Ira Gershwin and book and direction by Moss Hart. It was produced by Sam Harris. The protagonist, Liza Elliott, is the unhappy female editor of a fashion magazine, Allure, who is undergoing psychoanalysis.
Leave It To Me!
Leave It to Me! is a 1938 musical with music and lyrics by Cole Porter. The book was a collaborative effort by Samuel and Bella Spewack, who also directed the Broadway production
Oscar Hammerstein II
Lyricist; replaces Hart once he dies; progressive world view/social message ended up with less harsh music; integrated score; wrote lyrics first; NOT self-expressive, poet
Name three individuals who passed away from HIV/AIDS-related complications from the 1980s onwards.
Michael Freedman, BBAJ, Michael Bennet, A Chorus Line, Howard Ashman, lyricist for Disney and Little Shop
Define the term "adult musicals" and provide three examples of works that fit in that category.
Musicals involving or pertaining to sex or sexual actions. Oh, Calcutta! , Che!, Let my People Come!
Bill "Bojangles" Robinson
One of the first African-American dancers to popularize tap, he is known for his duet with Shirley Temple in The Little Colonel (1935)
Peter Pan
Peter Pan is a musical based on J. M. Barrie's 1904 play Peter Pan and Barrie's own novelization of it, Peter and Wendy. The music is mostly by Mark "Moose" Charlap, with additional music by Jule Styne, and most of the lyrics were written by Carolyn Leigh, with additional lyrics by Betty Comden and Adolph Green
How was the cultural understanding of the HIV/AIDS shift portrayed in musical theatre?
Portrayed in Rent rather as just another thing you live with that can kill you. Didn't address the medical expenses or physical toll
Rent
Rent is a rock musical with music, lyrics, and book by Jonathan Larson, loosely based on Giacomo Puccini's opera La Bohème
Roberta
Roberta is a musical from 1933 with music by Jerome Kern, and lyrics and book by Otto Harbach. The musical is based on the novel Gowns by Roberta by Alice Duer Miller
Damn Yankees
Story of a fan of the Washington Senators who sells his soul to the devil to help his team beat the Yankees and win the AL Pennant.
42nd Street
Tells the story of a young actress named Peggy Sawyer. Peggy arrives to the audition late and misses her chance to audition for a musical. Luckily, she catches the eye of the famous director, Julian Marsh, and he gives Peggy her big break. However, the show's aging leading lady, Dorothy Brock, quickly grows to dislike Peggy. On opening night, Ms. Brock falls and breaks her ankle. Panic spreads through the company, as the show is doomed for closure, until it is suggested that Peggy take the roll. In only thirty-six hours, Peggy learns twenty-five pages, six songs and ten dance numbers to become a star.
Disney's The Lion King
The Lion King is a musical based on the 1994 Walt Disney Animation Studios' animated feature film of the same name with music by Elton John, lyrics by Tim Rice, and book by Roger Allers and Irene Mecchi, along with additional music and lyrics by Lebo M, Mark Mancina, Jay Rifkin, Julie Taymor, and Hans Zimmer
The Producers
The Producers is a musical adapted by Mel Brooks and Thomas Meehan from Brooks's 1967 film of the same name, with lyrics written by Brooks and music composed by Brooks and arranged by Glen Kelly and Doug Besterman
George Gershwin
United States composer who incorporated jazz into classical forms and composed scores for musical comedies (1898-1937)
The Club
Welcome to the Club is a 1989 Broadway musical with music and lyrics by Cy Coleman. Despite its run of only twelve performances, it was nominated for two Tony Awards, and some other honors. The musical, set in a New York City jail for alimony violators, opened on April 13, 1989 at the Music Box Theatre
Thomas D. Rice
White actor/minstrel show entertainer of NY who became famous for his portrayal of a southern slave named Jim Crow. Father of Minstrelsy
Cats
a sung-through musical composed by Andrew Lloyd Webber, based on Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats by T. S. Eliot
How did the cultural understanding of the HIV/AIDS virus shift from the 1980s to 1990s in the United States?
aids was first treated as "gay disease", unfair healthcare, no research being done because people were afraid and there was no information. eventually others got sick such as women and famous people which lead to something finally being done about it
Ned Harrigan & Tony Hart
comedy team in the late 1800's, famous for their slapstick
What impact did the three individuals who passed away from HIV/AIDS-related complications from the 1980s onwards have on the theatrical community?
created a hopefully mindset for the shows/casts they were working with during the time(s) of their death(s)
Jerome Kern
died 60. 1945 • SHOWBOAT composer • Jewish German • Old Man River
Gene Kelly
known for his energetic dance style that combined athletics, gymnastics and dance, his career spanned two decades (40s and 50s) as a dancer, director and choreographer.
How did minstrelsy use acculturation and appropriation (keeping in mind these are two different things) of African slave culture to create an entertainment form that re-affirmed racial stereotypes?
minstrelsy used to black face to appropriate the African american culture and when black people started to first be in the minstrelsy shows, that's when the acculturation happened because they themselves were making fun of their own people
D'oyly Carte
one of the first producers, founded the company that premiered the majority of G&S work
Name at least three conventions of Gilbert and Sullivan's works.
patter song, misdirected true love, lyrics making unprecedented use of creative rhyme
How did the three conventions of Gilbert and Sullivan influence musical theatre works/composers/lyricists that followed?
patter song- influenced sondheim patter songs misdirected true love- musicals with misunderstood love creative rhyme- lin manuel miranda
Gilbert & Sullivan
revolutionized musical theatre, introduced catchy music, musicals weren't necessarily incorporated, sort of operetta, utilized folk/popular songs
How did Broadway respond to World War I?
they started putting out patriotic shows, not a prolific era, but Irving Berlin did his show yip yip ya hank that was completely cast as soldiers and they took it around to different camps
Gwen Verdon
won 4 musicals as best actress including redhead, can can, and damn yankees married to bob fosse
