Multi Final Exam Review

A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with a bleeding gastric ulcer. Based on his diagnosis you would anticipate the patient's stool to have which of the following assessments?

Black tarry stools

You are the nurse providing care for a patient who underwent thyroidectomy 2 days ago. To prevent complications with this surgery, which laboratory value requires close monitoring by a nurse?

Calcium level

A 40 year old female presents to the emergency room with upper abdominal pain radiating to her right shoulder and nausea, upon assessment the patient's temperature is 101.2 degrees F, heart rate 110, and blood pressure 140/82. Based on the patient's presentations, which of the following do you anticipate to be the patient's diagnosis?

Cholecystitis

The nurse knows that which of the following is a therapeutic to hydrocortisone for Addison's crisis?

Client is alert and oriented with improved lethargy

You are providing education for a patient recently diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Which of the following foods should the patient avoid?

Coffee

Which of the following is a main assessment finding in a client with hypothyroidism?

Cold intolerance

Gwen is an 89 year old female who was diagnosed with gastric cancer three months ago. Gwen has undergone chemotherapy and radiation and recently had surgery to remove the cancer. During the surgical procedure, the surgeon discovered that the cancer had spread to other organs. Gwen's family us having difficulty deciding treatment options. Which of the following interventions are appropriate for Gwen's care?

Consult palliative care

A nurse is caring for a patient who has recently been diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Which of the following is the surgical management approach for patient with this condition?

Nissen fundoplication

A nurse is caring for a 60 year old female that underwent a hysterectomy and is post-op day four. She has no active bowel sounds and has not passed any gas. Which of the following do you suspect the patient is experiencing?

Non-Mechanical bowel obstruction

A nurse is caring for a patient with a NG tube. Which of the following should be performed to ensure proper tube placement?

Obtain abdominal x-ray

A client asks the nurse when they can expect to feel improvement after starting a prescription for thyroid hormone treatments of hypothyroid. How would the nurse respond?

2 weeks

A nurse is caring for a patient with a diagnosis of oral cancer who recently underwent surgery. Which of the following is a post-operative nursing priority?

Airway management

The nurse instructs the patient who is on prolonged cortisone therapy to report which signs and symptoms?

Anorexia and muscle twitches

Kim is a 28 year old female who presented to the emergency room with complains of abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting for the past 24 hours. Kim is afebrile; heart rate is 130, and blood pressure 90/60. During the pain assessment, Kim rates her pain a "10" on a scale 0-10. You note her pain to be in the periumbilical region. Based on the assessment findings, which of the following would you anticipate to be Kim's diagnosis?

Appendicitis

A nurse is caring for a patient who recently underwent a colon resection. The patient has an NG tube to low intermittent suction. Upon assessment, the patient is complaining of increasing abdominal pain. Which nursing intervention will the nurse perform?

Assess patency of the NG tube

A nurse is caring for a 57 year old Hispanic male who was recently diagnosed with Cushing's disease. Which of the following laboratory test validate the diagnosis?

Decreased dexamethasone- Corticotrophin releasing hormone test

A nurse is caring for a patient who presented to the emergency room s/p motor vehicle accident. The patient is unconscious with a cervical- collar in place. The patient has been diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate anti diuretic hormone secretion. Which of the following lab values validate the diagnosis?

Decreased serum sodium

Maria is a 45 year old Hispanic female who presented to the emergency department with epigastric pain. She states that the pain is worse after eating. Maria has history of obesity and diabetes. Maria was diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Which of the following would be a treatment? (Select all that Apply)

Diet and lifestyle modification Proton pump inhibitors

A nurse is caring for a 29 year old male patient with a history of alcoholism. He has been having frequent episodes of vomiting of bright red blood. The following interventions would be appropriate for this patient expect:

Encourage liquid intake

Which of the following are common diagnostic studies for patient with upper gastrointestinal disorders?

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy

A nurse assesses a patient who has a 15 year history of diabetes and notes decrease tactile sensation in both feet. Which action would the nurse take?

Examine the patient's feet for signs of injury

A nurse is caring for a patient who is status post an upper endoscopic procedure. Which of the following should be included as priority in the post procedure assessment?

Gag reflux

Which of these laboratory results would be most important for a nurse to monitor for a client with lower gastrointestinal bleed?

Hemoglobin and hematocrit

A nurse is caring for a 56 year old female who presented to the emergency department with feeling of fullness in the chest, dysphagia, and chest pain. She states that she has been having these symptoms for the past couple months. Which of the following conditions could she be exhibiting based on her symptoms?

Hiatal hernia

A client assessment reveals fatigue, poor memory, and stiff muscles with labs showing an elevated TSH, and low T3 and T4. The nurse knows that these are manifestations of which disorder?

Hypothyroidism

An older adult client reports lack of energy and needing several naps throughout the day. Which problem may these symptoms be associated with that is often seen in older adults?

Hypothyroidism

Which statement by a patient with diabetes shows an understanding of the importance of self-care?

I am planning on getting my spouse to exercise with me to spend time in each other's company

A nurse is caring for a 26 year old female that presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain, bloating, constipation, and bolus of diarrhea. Which of the following is the patient most likely exhibiting?

IBS

A nurse is caring for a patient recently diagnosed with thyroid cancer. Which of the following lab results will validate this diagnosis?

Increased calcitonin

A nurse is caring for a patient recently diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Which of the following lab values would confirm the diagnosis?

Increased carcinoembryoine antigens CEA

James is a 56 year old male who was recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Which of the following diagnostic tests would correlate with this diagnosis? (Select all that Apply)

Increased hemoglobin A1C level Increased random blood glucose Increased fasting glucose

The nurse identifies that which lab result is consistent with a client's diagnosis of hyperthyroidism?

Increased serum T3 and T4 levels

A nurse is caring for a patient recently diagnosed with ulcerative colitis. Which of the following statements by the patient would indicate an understanding of the disease process?

It is caused by an inflammatory process of the GI tract

A nurse is providing patient and family education for a patient diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome. Which of the following is important to include in the education? (select all that apply)

Modify diet Stress reduction Adhere to prescribed medications

A nurse is caring for a patient recently diagnosed with Addison's disease. Which of the following signs and symptoms are consistent with this diagnosis?

Muscle weakness

Which of the following is a life threatening emergency and serious complication of untreated or poorly treated hypothyroidism?

Myxedema coma

A nurse is caring for a patient recently diagnosed with pancreatitis. Which of the following treatment options for pancreatitis?

NPO Pain management NG tube

A nurse is caring for a patient who was prescribed high-dose corticosteroid therapy for 1 month to treat a severe inflammatory condition. The patient's symptoms have now resolved and the patient asks, "When can I stop taking these medications?" How would the nurse respond?

Once you start corticosteroids you have to be weaned off

A nurse is caring for a patient recently diagnosed with an anorectal abscess. Which of the following are appropriate nursing interventions for this patient? (Select all that apply)

Pain management Sitz bath

Ellen is a 65 year old female who presented to the emergency department with epigastric discomfort, loss of appetite, and weight loss. She has history of diabetes and alcoholism. Based on Ellen's symptoms and history, which of the following does her likely have?

Peptic ulcer disease

A nurse is caring for a patient who recently underwent a colon resection for colorectal cancer. The patient is post op day two and develops a fever. Vital signs are temperature of 102 degrees F, heart rate 126, and blood pressure 100/50. The patient is complaining of increased abdominal pain. Based on this information, which of the following conditions is the patient exhibiting?

Peritonitis

Which nursing intervention helps prevent adrenocortical insufficiency?

Reducing high-dose steroid therapy gradually

You are providing discharge instructions to a patient who was recently diagnosed with a hiatal hernia. The patient also has a history of GERD. Which of the following should be included in the patient and family education?

Remain in an upright position three hours after eating

A nurse is caring for a patient who has been diagnosed with diabetes type II. Which of the following should not be included in discharge instructions?

Restrict fluid intake

A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a patient recently diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease. Which of the following should not be part of the discharge instructions?

Resume alcohol in moderation

A nurse is caring for a patient who was diagnosed with lymphoma and undergoing chemotherapy. Which of the following conditions is the patient at risk for developing?

Stomatitis

A nurse is performing discharge teaching for a patient who was recently diagnosed with gastritis. Which of the following should be included in the teaching?

Stress reduction

Continuous muscle spasms in a patient with hypoparathyroidism are related to which condition?

Tetany

The laboratory values of a client who has diabetes mellitus include fasting blood glucose level of 89 and hemoglobin A1C 6%. What is the nurse's interpretation of these findings?

The values indicate that the client has managed his or her disease well

During a physical assessment of a client's endocrine system, which gland can be palpated?

Thyroid

The nurse knows that which statement is true about age related changes and the endocrine system in older adults?

Thyroid hormone levels

A nurse is caring for a patient recently diagnosed with diabetes insipidus. Which of the following medications would be appropriate for this disorder?

Vasopressin

A patient underwent a colon resection with colostomy placement. Which of the following would the surgeon consult post-operatively for colostomy management?

Wound ostomy nurse

A nurse is teaching a patient with diabetes mellitus who asks, "Why is it necessary to maintain my blood glucose levels no lower than about 60 mg/dL (3.3 mmol/L)/" How would the nurse respond?

Your brain needs a constant supply of glucose because it cannot store it