Muscle tissue Study Guide
Which of the following muscles is in the medial compartment of the thigh?
Adductor longus
Which of the following muscles adducts and medially rotates the thigh?
Adductor magnus
A male sustains a crushing injury to his foot. After weeks of care, he begins to notice that he cannot bend the little toe on his right foot. Which of the following would be a logical diagnosis?
Atrophy of the flexor digiti minimi
Harriet is a body builder, and regularly lifts weights to maintain muscle size. Which of the following statements correctly describes processes related to hypertrophy in skeletal muscles? Check all that apply.
Increase in number of myofibrils per muscle fiber. Increased ability to produce ATP
While sitting at your desk, you drop your pencil onto the floor. You bend over to pick up the pencil. In order to straighten up and continue your exam you must use which of the following muscles?
Erector spinae
Short ribs are a cut of beef often used for barbeque. "Back ribs" are taken from the area near the spine where the meat tends to be thinner. Which muscle forms the meat on this type of rib?
Intercostal muscles
Rachel is helping her sister install a heavy light fixture. While her sister connects the wires, Rachel must hold the light fixture in place. The wiring is taking longer than expected and Rachel's arms are beginning to tire even though she isn't moving. What type of muscle contraction is occurring in her arms?
Isometric
What is the action of the depressor labii inferioris?
Lowers the bottom lip
Carpal tunnel pressure is sometimes relieved by surgically excising part or all of which structure?
Flexor retinaculum
The semitendinosus is an example of what muscle shape?
Fusiform
The thick filaments of the sarcomere are made up mostly of protein________________.
Myosin
After taking their wedding vows, a bride and groom often ceremonially use which of the following muscles before walking away from the altar?
Orbicularis oris
Which of the following is/are a characteristic of skeletal muscle? Check all that apply.
Overlapping thin and thick filaments Striations Overlapping myosin and actin proteins Excitability
The rectus femoris is an example of what muscle shape?
Pennate
A skateboarder falls and lands directly on his buttocks and lower back. He does not feel much pain and continues skating. After a couple of days he begins experiencing right hip pain and notices his right foot and leg are rotated to the right. A doctor diagnoses a muscle spasm. Which of the following muscles is most likely causing the leg and foot rotation?
Piriformis
Unilateral contraction of which muscle causes ipsilateral flexion of the lumbar vertebral column?
Quadratus lumborum
In a whiplash injury, the neck undergoes forced hyperextension then hyperflexion, injuring multiple muscles in the neck. Which of the following muscles would be injured during the hyperextension phase of the injury?
Sternocleidomastoid
In a skeletal muscle, the term that describes the alternating light and dark bands is____________.
Striations
Which of the following is true concerning isotonic eccentric contraction?
The muscle lengthens but tension remains constant.
Which of the following is true concerning isotonic concentric contraction?
The muscle shortens but tension remains constant.
Which of the following marks the boundaries of the sarcomere?
Z discs
Shortening a muscle while it maintains constant tension is called __________.
an isotonic contraction
Loss of muscle mass from lack of activity is called __________.
atrophy
The antagonist to the triceps brachii is the ______.
biceps brachii
Where in the human body would this tissue be found?
biceps brachii
A muscle twitch produces external tension and moves an object by shortening the muscles during the ______ phase.
contraction
Resistance exercise will most likely cause muscle to _____.
hypertrophy
How many somatic motor neurons stimulate one muscle fiber?
one
The rectus abdominis is a ______ muscle, while the rectus femoris is a _____.
parallel; bipennate
A skeletal muscle generates the greatest tension when it is ____.
partially stretched before being stimulated
Astronauts in zero gravity are able to move food through their digestive tracts because _______.
smooth muscle produces waves of contractions that propel material through the digestive tract
Which if the following is predominantly made up of myosin?
The thick filament
Which of these muscles attaches to both the thyroid cartilage of the larynx and to the hyoid bone?
Thyrohyoid
Which of the following muscles is not externally visible on the trunk of the body?
Transverse abdominal
Smooth and cardiac muscles are under involuntary control.
True
How many somatic motor neurons stimulate one muscle fiber?
1
Muscles from strongest to least, 1 being strongest
1-Quadriceps femoris 2-Gastrocnemius 3-Brachiallis 4-Orbicularis oculi 5-Lateral rectus
How many steps are involved during a muscle contraction?
4
How many steps are involved during a muscle contraction?
4. Excitation coupling contraction and relaxation
Which of the following contains overlapping thick and thin filaments?
A band
An Olympic sprinter readies for a race. After the sound of the starting gun, he propels himself forward from the starting block and immediately grimaces in pain, grabbing for the back of his thigh. Within 48 hours he begins noticing extensive bruising on the back of his thigh extending into the back of the knee. He now has difficulty rising from a seated position and flexing his knee. Bending at the waist generates more pain. Which muscle is likely injured?
Biceps femoris
Which muscles can contract without the need for nervous stimulation?
Smooth and cardiac muscle
Which of the following muscles of mastication would be responsible for mandibular elevation?
Temporalis
Skeletal muscles is described as ____.
striated and voluntary
The minimum stimulus needed to cause muscle contraction is called
threshold
The protein that acts as a calcium receptor in skeletal muscle is ______.
troponin
skeletal muscle is called ____________, because it is usually subject to conscious control.
voluntary
