Muscles of the cranium. face, and neck

1. What muscle is also known as the common elevator and dilates the nostril?

Levator Labii Superioris Alaequi Nasi

If eye closure is unable to be obtained, which muscle can be severed?

Levator palpebrae superioris

Mentalis

Located at the tip of the chin. Elevates and protrudes the lower lip ad wrinkles skin over the chin.

What muscle will raise and protrude the lower lip while wrinkling the chin?

Mentalis

Buccinator

Muscle of the cheek. In the skin over the molar of the teeth and inserts into the skin at the anguli oris. Makes up part of the angulus oris eminences. Compresses the cheek and pulls the anugli oris posteriorly and producing sucking.

1. What is the reflection or thought muscle?

Orbicularis Oculi

Sternocleidomastoid

Orginates from the head of the sternum and clavical and inserts at the mastoid process of the temporal bone. Rotates and depresses the head.

Explain the directional relationship between muscle tissue and furrows.

: Well this is because when you use certain muscles extensively it can cause lines or "wrinkles" where you have that indent in the muscle such as having the furrows in between the eyebrows for some people.

Orbicularis oris

A flat band of the upper and lower red lips and integumentary lips. Closes the lips, compresses lips against teeth and shapes lips during speech

Levator anguli oris

A the angle of the mouth and elevates the angles of the mouth

Masseter

Arises ddeom the zygomatic argument and inserts into the mandible. Mastication and closes the mandible

Depressor anguli oris

Arises from the mandible to insert into the anguli oris and depresses the angles of the mouth

What is the insertion of the temporalis muscle?

At the coronoid process of the mandible

Temporalis

Broad muscle arising in thr temporal cavity and inserting in the mandible. Strongest chewing muscles. Closes the mandible. Assists in side to side movement.

Trumpeter muscle

Buccinator

Occipitofrontalis

Consists of 2 parts the occipitalis and the frontalis. Draws thr scale posteriorly and anteriorly raising the eyebrows to raise and wrinkle to form on the forehead.

1. What muscle draws the eyebrows inferiorly and medially?

Corrugator

What is the frowning muscle?

Corrugator

Platysma

Covers the anterior aspect of the neck. Wrinkles the skin of the neck and chest. Depresses the mandible and anguli oris. "Pouting"

Procerus

Covers the bridge of the nose and draws the skin of the forehead inferiorly causing transverse wrinkles in the forehead

Depressor labii inferioris

Depresses lower lip inferiorly and slightly laterally.

The triangularis muscle is also known as the

Depressor anguli oris

What is the double bellied muscle of the neck that attaches to the mastoid process and mandible?

Diagastric

Digastric

Double bellied, attaches the mastoid process and the mandible. Draws the hyoid bone superiorly

Zygomatic minor

Draws the upper lip superiorly and laterally

Levator labii superioris

Elevates and extends the upper lip

Risorius

Extends from the skin over the masseter muscles to the corners of the mouth. Draws corners of the mouth posteriorly.

Zygomatic major

From the cheekbone to the angle of the mouth and draws the upper lip posteriorly, superiorly and laterally as in smiling or laughing

What are the two bellies of the occipitofrontalis (epicranius) muscle?

Frontal and Occipital

What muscle covers the anterior aspect of the neck?

Platysma

1. What muscle, when contracted, draws the medial ends of the eyebrows down and forms transverse wrinkles across the root of the nose?

Procerus

Which muscle causes transverse furrows between the eyebrows?

Procerus

Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi

Raises the upper lip and dilates the nostrils

If the decedent's mouth appears stretched, what muscle is responsible?

Risoris

List all of the muscles involved when closing the mouth of the deceased.

Risorius, Buccinator, Zygomaticas Major, Zygomaticus Minor, Levator Anguli Oris, Levator Labii Superioris, Levator Labii Superioris Alaquie Nasi, Orbicularis Oris.

levator palpebrae superioris

Runs from the inside of the eye socket to the superior tarsal plate of the eyelids and raises the eyebrow

What muscle creates the widest part of the neck?

Sternocleidomastoideus

What is the origin and insertion of the SCM muscle?

Sternum & Clavicle and Inserts: lateral surface of Mastoid Process

Describe the boundaries of the anterior triangle.

Superior: tip of mandible to sternocleidomastoid Medial: Tip of chin to sternum Lateral: Anterior border of sternocleidomastoid to sternum.

Explain, in relationship to muscle tissue, why many families comment that the deceased looks 'young' when lying in the casket.

Well they get this appearance due to gravity pull the face back similarly to giving a face lift giving them a younger appearance.

1. If a stroke prevented someone from smiling, what muscle was affected?

Zygomaticus Minor

Corrugator

a pyramid-shaped muscle of facial expression which draws the eyebrows inferiorly and medially as in frowning.

Orbicularis oculi

closes eyelids and compresses the lacrimal sac

What is the strongest chewing muscle?

masseter

1. What muscle would need to be restored if there was trauma to the area superior to the upper eyelid?

orbicularis oculi