Musi 1530 test 2 terms

Doubling

two different instruments playing the exact same line

Folk spiritual

unaccompanied slave songs on religious themes that were sung in a heterogeneous, call-and-response style

"Sweet Little Sixteen"

The Beach boys' "Surfin' U.S.A." was a reworking of which Chuck Berry song? "Maybellene" "Johnny B. Goode" "Sweet Little Sixteen" "Roll Over Beethoven"

Alan Freed

The payola scandal ended the career of which disc jockey? Dick Clark Don Kirshner Alan Freed Howie Greenfield

Bell Laboratory

The transistor radio was developed by... Thomas Edison Nikola Tesla Bell Laboratory General Electric

Lead guitar

he featured guitar, which plays melodies, fill passages, solos, and riffs

Melisma

many notes sung to a single syllable of text

Vocables

non-semantic syllables added to doo-wop songs that provided a sense of rhythmic drive and a standard musical phrase for the background singers

Record Producer

oversaw the creation of a record's sound by determining instrumentation, microphone placement, and sound equalization; was often held responsible for the final sound on the record

Sun records

record company launched by Sam Philips in 1952; located in Nashville

Magnetic tape recorder

recording on magnetic tape allowed for sound to be recorded, erased, and re-recorded on the same tape many times, allowed for recordings to be duplicated from tape to tape, allowed for recordings to be edited, and made recording much cheaper

Girl groups

singing groups in the early 1960's made up mostly of African american teenage girls

Open dancing

solo dancing in which the dancers never come into contact with each other

Arranged Spiritual

spirituals that retained the melodies and texts of their fold predecessors, but sung in the European tradition and formal performance style

Rock and roll

term used by Alan Freed to describe the rhythm and blues style of African American music he played on the radio

Brill Building

the center of publisher-manufactured rock and roll, especially schlock rock performed by teen idols, in the early 1960s

A&R man

the person in charge of artists and repertory, the A&R man was responsible for organizing and coordinating all of the professionals who participated in making the recording, such as the singers, the audio technicians, and the backup instrumentalists, and hiring the musicians

Disc jockey

the person who introduces and plays music on the radio

Rhythm guitar

the supporting guitar which provides the harmony as well as a sense of rhythmic population

Schlock rock

also known as bubblegum pop; bland songs by white artists about neutral topics such as romantic love

Teen idol

attractive, clean-cut, well-mannered young white performers meant to appeal to a teenage audience in a non-threatening way

Sun Records

What was the name of the record label launched by Sam Phillips in 1952? Sun Records the Memphis Recording Studio Atlantic Chess Studios

Jackie Brenston

Which artist's career was not launched by American Bandstand? Jackie Brenston Chubby Checker Bobby Rydell Frankie Avalon

Dick Dale

Which guitarist recorded the song "Miserlou" in 1962? Dick Dale Phil Spector Brian Wilson Chuck Berry

Duke University

Which of the following is not a historically black college or university? Florida A&M University Fisk University Duke University Tuskegee University

the 33 1/3 RPM record

Which of the following new technologies changed the consumption of popular music in the early 1950s? the compact disc the Hammond B-3 organ the personal computer the 33 1/3 RPM record

"We Will Understand It Better By and By"

Which of the following songs was not by Louis Jordan? "We Will Understand It Better By and By" "Is You Is, Or Is You Ain't Ma Baby?" "Let the Good Times Roll" "Saturday Night Fish Fry"

"Rock Around the Clock"

Which of the following songs was not re-recorded with sanitized lyrics by cover artist Pat Boone? "Ain't It a Shame" "Tutti Frutti" "Long Tall Sally" "Rock Around the Clock"

"Don't Take Your Guns to Town"

Which of the following songs was not recorded by Johnny Cash for Sun Records? "Ballad of a Teenage Queen" "Don't Take Your Guns to Town" "I Walk the Line" "Folsom Prison Blues"

ragtime

Which of the following styles did not influence rockabilly music? gospel rhythm and blues ragtime country and western

Blackboard Jungle

Which of the following was not a Hollywood film featuring Elvis? Love Me Tender Blackboard Jungle King Creole Jailhouse Rock

Bobby Vee

Which of the following was not a songwriter? Carole King Neil Sedaka Bobby Vee Barry Mann

Historically Black Colleges/Universities

all-black universities founded after the Civil War to educate young African American men and women

Slapback

an echo effect used by Sam Philips that was used on many of his recordings

Reverb

an effect where an amplified sound is meant to reverberate slightly

Blow harmony

a gesture common in doo-wop where the singer simultaneously blew into the microphone and sang "ooh-wee, ooh-wee"

Payola scandal

a government investigation beginning in 1959 that brought to light payola practices among DJs and independent record labels and ended the career of Alan Freed

Rockabilly

a hybrid genre of rock and roll and hillbilly music, performed mostly by southern white artist

American Bandstand

a television show hosted by Dick Clark that featured lip-synced performances by the latest teen stars

Hiccup

additional syllables added to words for expressive effect, such as transforming the word "well" into "ah-well-uh"

"Blues for Moondog"

Alan Freed chose what song as the theme song for his radio program? "Blues for Moondog" "Shake, Rattle, and Roll" "Blueberry Hill" "I Got a Woman"

Leiber and Stoller

An important production team from the early 1960s was... Hall and Oates King and Goffin Avalon and Forte Leiber and Stoller

he played a solid-body guitar

Buddy Holly's unique guitar sound was a result of what factor? he played an acoustic guitar he played a steel guitar he played a hollow-body guitar he played a solid-body guitar

"duck walk"

Chuck Berry performed his famous _________________ during his guitar solos. "choo choo ch'boogie" "duck walk" "cakewalk" "turkey trot"

arranged spirituals

During the 1940s, the term "rhythm and blues" was used by record companies to include all but which of the following styles? gospel vocal harmony groups small swing combos arranged spirituals

"Heartbreak Hotel"

What was Elvis's first recording for RCA? "Heartbreak Hotel" "Hound Dog" "That's All Right" "Blue Moon of Kentucky"

"That's All Right"

What was Elvis's first single for Sun Records? "Hound Dog" "Heartbreak Hotel" "That's All Right" "Jailhouse Rock"

Holiness-Pentecostal movement

a movement in American Christianity that encouraged congregational participation and expression and eschewed polished performance styles

Great Migration

a period during the early 20th century when many African Americans moved from the rural South to the urban North in search of better work and quality of life

Payola

a practice where DJs would play particular records on the radio in exchange for bribes, songwriting credits, or other forms of compensation

Top 40

a radio format where the same 40 tunes were repeated once every 24-hour radio cycle

45 RPM

a record that plays at 45 revolutions per minute and had a limit of around three to four minutes of sound per side

Shuffle rhythms

a rhythm common in early rhythm and blues that consisted of a triplet quarter note followed by a triplet eighth note

Crossover

a song that holds a prominent place on at least two of the three types of charts: pop, rhythm and blues, and country

Cover version

a song that is re-recorded by another artist

Jump blues

a style of African American music that featured a 12-bar blues form, boogie woogie bass, strong back beats, shuffle rhythms, and group singing during the choruses

Surf rock

a style that blended the sounds of doo-wop, Chuck Berrys rock and roll, Phil Spectors production style, and the wholesomeness of teen idols and dealt with light, fun topics such as surfing, girls, and hot rod cars

Wall of sound

a technique developed by Phil Spector which included recording a large number of instruments, blending the sounds together, and adding reverb

Double-tracking

a technique where two nearly-identical recordings of the same vocal or instrumental part are recording on top of each other and foregrounded

Gospel music

black sacred music that included instrumental accompaniment, borrowed from popular music and hymns, and contained melodies intended for improvisation

Doo-wop

vocal harmony groups, also known as "street corner groups," that featured four acapella singers performing popular songs with wide ranges and adventurous harmonies

"The Hillbilly Cat"

What was Elvis's nickname? "The Boss" "The Hardest-working Man in Show Business" "The King of Ragtime" "The Hillbilly Cat"

"The Killer"

What was Jerry Lee Lewis's nickname? "The King" "The Killer" "The Man in Black" "The Cricket"

February 3, 1959

What was the date of "The Day the Music Died"? December 5, 1955 November 22, 1963 February 3, 1959 September 2, 1945

Aldon Music

What was the name of the publishing house that produced "Brill Building" rock? BMI Music Aldon Music Shapiro Bernstein Publishing Company Oliver Ditson and Company

the Brills

Which of the following was not a girl group from the 1960s? the Shirelles the Crystals the Ronettes the Brills

Carole King

Which of the following was not a teen idol in the early 1960s? Annette Funicello Carole King Connie Francis Leslie Gore

the Tympany Five

Which of the following was not doo-wop group? the Ravens the Tympany Five the Orioles the Chords

Phil Spector

Who created the famous "wall of sound"? Brian Wilson Phil Spector Dick Dale Don Kirschner

Charles Albert Tindley

_________________ was a Methodist minister and composer of the song "Stand by Me." Thomas A. Dorsey Mahalia Jackson Louis Jordan Charles Albert Tindley

Acetate disc

a type of gramophone record that was able to be recorded in real time and played back immediately