Music answer
Match the musical element to its definition. Pitch Texture Timbre Rhythm Dynamics 1. relative height of a musical sound 2. duration of pitches 3. relative thickness or complexity of musical fabric 4. unique quality of sound of specific instruments 5. relative volume intensity of a musical sound
Pitch-1 Texture-3 Timbre-4 Rhythm-2 Dynamics-5
Match the terms to their definitions. -Polyphonic -Monophonic -Renaissance -Modality -Medieval 1. one line of music by itself 2. different musical lines sounding simultaneously 3. system of musical organization used in the Medieval era 4. era of music history that spanned roughly a thousand years 5. era of music history that turned to classical antiquity for inspiration
Polyphonic-2 Monophonic-1 Renaissance-5 Modality-3 Medieval-4
Which of the following is a probable reason for the loss of most medieval music? a. Illiteracy was widespread during the medieval era, so most music was not preserved b. The church believed music to be inherently evil and attempted to prohibit its preservation c. Most medieval music manuscripts were destroyed during the wars that ravaged Europe during the 19th and 20th centuries d. There was no system of music notation until the late Renaissance
a.
Western composers typically construct melodies around a prominently recurring pitch commonly known as the ____. a. tonic b. dominant c. central d. scale
a.
Where is chamber music ideally performed? a. Small, intimate settings b. Large concert halls c. Churches d. Outdoor public venues
a.
Which is the best description of the "motet?" a. A type of polyphonic vocal composition that took two-part pieces and added new texts to the upper voices b. A type of homophonic composition that, for the first time, made use of chord-based accompaniment in the organ c. A type of polyphonic vocal composition that reignited interest in sacred music in the 14th century d. A type of polyphonic vocal composition written as a reaction against the rules of Notre Dame organum
a.
Which term is NOT correctly matched to its definition? a. Upbeat: final "weak" beat in a measure which prepares the listener for a new measure b. Syncopation: technique in which the accent appears in an unexpected place c. Downbeat: final pulse or accent of a measure d. Measures: equal segments of time which contain regular beat patterns
c.
Which city was the center of a vibrant new style of polyphony during the late 12th and early 13th centuries? a. London b. Rome c. Vienna d. Paris
d.
Which instrument was by far the most complex musical instrument available during the medieval era? a. The piano b. The harpsichord c. The hurdy-gurdy d. The organ
d.
What historical event in the early 1300s contributed to the waning influence of the Catholic Church on many facets of medieval life, including music? a. The Protestant Reformation b. The papacy of Gregory I c. The relocation of the papacy to Avignon in France d. The War of the Roses in England
c.
Which is the correct definition of "tempo?" a. Basic rhythmic values as assigned by standard notation b. The relationship between the different "voices" or parts in a piece of music c. The number of bar lines in a given piece d. The basic pace or speed of music
d.
Which of the following is the best definition of the word "melody"? a. A recurring theme in an opera tied to a specific character or idea b. A series of conjunct musical pitches c. A harmonic pattern signifying arrival in a key d. Succession of musical pitches into a particular shape
d.
Who commissioned Donato Bramante's Tempietto? a. Lorenzo di Medici b. Pope Marcellus II c. Queen Mary d. King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella
d.
What is the correct distinction between a chorus and a choir? a. The former is typically smaller than the latter, and is often associated with opera b. The latter is typically male only, and usually performs a cappella c. The latter is typically smaller than the former, and is often associated with sacred music d. The former is typically female only, and usually performs accompanied by a piano
c.
What two new modes were introduced during the Renaissance that became the basis for a new system of understanding music? a. Pentatonic and octatonic scales b. Lydian and mixolydian modes c. Major and minor scales d. Aeolian and dorian modes
c.
Which is NOT a feature of music from the Classical era? a. Balanced proportions b. Symmetrical forms c. Short, non-melodic themes d. Use of clear supporting harmonies
c.
Which of the following is NOT a similarity between early medieval and ancient Greek music? a. Both used scale-like arrangements of pitches known as "modes" b. Both primarily used monophonic texture c. Neither accepted the use of instruments other than the human voice d. Neither had prescribed rhythms
c.
Which of the following is NOT true about Machaut's poetry? a. He was greatly admired by Geoffrey Chaucer b. He produced several long, narrative poems c. All of his secular poetry was written in Latin d. Many of his poems used the standard templates of medieval secular poetry
c.
Which of the following was NOT one of the many roles that Hildegard of Bingen filled in her life? Question options: a. Abbess b. Illustrator c. Pianist d. Poet
c.
Which statement about Sousa's "Stars and Stripes Forever" is NOT true? a. This piece is now commonly played after presidential speeches. b. The piece was written to match a stirring patriotic text: "Hurrah for the flag of the free." c. The piece displays the craft of a classically trained composer alongside distinctly popular elements. d. The composer of the piece, J.P. Sousa, led the Marine Corps Band and became America's venerated "March King."
c.
Which term describes the practice of setting musical lines against each other—literally "note against note"? a. Contranotational b. Polyphonic harmonization c. Counterpoint d. Neumatic balancing
c.
Match the symbol to the proper duration (expressed in eighth notes). 2 eighthnotes 4 eighthnotes 8 eighthnotes 1 eighthnote 1. four eighth notes 2. one eighth note 3. two eighth notes 4. eight eighth notes
3 1 4 2
A complete series of ____ musical pitches is known as a(n) ____. a. Consanant/ Cadence b. eight/ Octave c. disjunct/ meloldy d. fundamental/noise
B.
Which term is properly matched to its definition? A. Conjunct: intervals that are pleasing to the ear B. Disjunct: type of melodic motion by "jump" rather than "step" C. Dissonance: chords and intervals that signal the beginning of a phrase D. Consonance: the unique, principle sound involved in any musical tone
B.
Match the instrument to its "family" category. Contrabassoon Timpani Trumpet Cello 1. brass 2. string 3. woodwind 4. percussion
Contrabassoon-3 Timpani-4 Trumpet-1 Cello-2
Match the terms to their definitions. -Dynamics -Diminuendo -Pianissimo -Mezzo forte -Crescendo 1. very soft 2. half loud 3. gradually increasing in volume 4. gradually decreasing in volume 5. relative loudness and softness of pitch
Dynamics-5 Diminuendo-4 Pianissimo-1 Mezzo forte-2 Crescendo-3
Match the popular style of music with the composer who used it in the context of classical music. -Folk tunes and popular dances -Habanera -Jazz 1. Georges Bizet 2. George Gershwin 3. F.J. Haydn
Folk tunes and popular dances-3 Habanera-1 Jazz- 2
Match the terms to their definitions. Fundamental Partials Tone Frequencies 1. principal sound of a musical tone 2. rates of vibration that are received by the human ear as sound 3. fainter, secondary sounds that are part of a musical tone 4. musical sound
Fundamental-3 Partials-1 Tone-4 Frequencies-2
Match the tempo names to their meanings. Grave Presto Andante Allegretto 1. very fast 2. slow 3. moderately fast 4. moderately slow
Grave-2 Presto-1 Andante-4 Allegretto-3
Match the following terms to their definitions: Membranophones Aerophones Chordophones Idiophones 1. instruments with tautly stretched membranes that produce sound when struck 2. instruments with strings 3. instruments made of solid materials that produce sound when struck or shaken 4. instruments that use columns of air to produce sound
Membranophones-1 Aerophones-4 Chordophones-2 Idiophones-3
Match the Gothic architectural innovation to its effect. Ribbed vault Pointed arch Flying buttress 1. Redistributed weight so as seemingly to defy gravity 2. Offered external support that allowed for taller buildings 3. Required less structural support
Ribbed vault-3 Pointed arch-1 Flying buttress-2
"Form" is the term for an overarching plan that holds a piece of music together. a. True b. False
a.
A sharp (#), is slightly higher than a basic pitch, and a flat (♭), is slightly lower. a. true b. false
a.
Classical music can be written for a wide variety of performance forces, including soloists, small groups of soloists, large instrumental ensembles, or combined vocal and instrumental groups. a. True b. False
a.
French became the preferred language in compositions for motets, which likewise became increasingly secular in tone. a. True b. False
a.
In general, classical and popular music are regarded as polar opposites despite the fact that they are closely interrelated and occupy a connected musical continuum. a. True b. False
a.
Italian architect Brunelleschi was inspired in part by the circular designs of ancient Roman buildings in designing his famous dome for the cathedral in Florence. a. True b. False
a.
Johann Nepomuk Mälzel is credited with inventing which musical device? a. The metronome b. The harmonica c. The pipe organ d. The baton
a.
Léonin's practice of taking existing musical material and layering his own complementary music against it is similar to the common practices of jazz improvisation in the 20th and 21st centuries. a. True b. False
a.
Meter is specified by a time signature, which appears as a ratio of two numbers: for example, 4/4 a. true b. false
a.
Most discussions of musical form assign capital letters (e.g., A and B) to different sections of music. a. True b. False
a.
Musical form can be seen as a compromise between what two necessary factors? a. Unity and variety b. Freedom and discipline c. Passion and logic d. Repetition and redundancy
a.
Which of the following is the term for a musical instrument made from a tortoise shell with strings stretched across it? a. Lyre b. Lute c. Harp d. Timpani
a.
A "chanson" is a love song with French text set for one, two, or three parts. a. True b. False
b.
A few centuries after Hildegard of Bingen composed her visionary chants, a radically different type of music—polyphony—was developing. a. True b. False
b.
A true classical orchestra employs only groups of woodwind, brass, and percussion. a. True b. False
b.
Around the ninth century CE, the five-line staff became the common method of musical notation. a. true b. false
b.
Britten wrote The Young Person's Guide to the Orchestra just as World War I was ending. a. True b. False
b.
During the 15th and 16th centuries, composers still drew on courtly love poetry from the Middle Ages for their secular music, but lost all interest in using Gregorian plainchant or church modes. a. True b. False
b.
During the medieval era, most recorded music was created for use in the context of the "liturgy," or pattern of text and music used in the worship services of the Catholic Church. a. True b. False
b.
Which of the following is NOT a classification of a male vocal range? a. Tenor b. Alto c. Baritone d. Bass
b.
When did the modern orchestra develop? a. Late medieval period b. Early 1600s c. 18th century d. Late 1900s
c.
Composers from which nation first experimented with triads? a. France b. Spain c. Italy d. England
d.
Early medieval church music, which was primarily passed down as part of an oral tradition, was known by many names—which of the following is NOT one of them? a. Chant b. Plainchant c. Plainsong d. Chantsong
d.
The "estampie" was: Question options: a. An instrument with a large hollow body with strings stretched across it b. A form of high courtly poetry c. A precursor to the modern printing press that first made dissemination of printed music possible d. A stamping dance popular in France and Italy
d.
The German poet ____ described ____ as "frozen music." a. Brecht / sculpture b. Rubens / painting c. Hoffmann / civic engineering d. Goethe / architecture
d.
What is the term for setting one musical line against another? a. Monophony b. Cadences c. Harmony d. Counterpoint
d.
Match the terms to their definitions. -Unison -Interval -Phrase -Cadence 1. a melodic portion of a piece of music 2. either a rest within or a conclusion at the end of a piece of music 3. distance between any two pitches 4. when two musicians play or sing the same pitch
unison- 4 interval-3 phrase-1 cadence-2
During which era did instrumental music first become widely composed and disseminated? a. Renaissance b. Classical c. Baroque d. Romantic
c.
Hildegard of Bingen had a vision of flames descending from heaven, touching her in her monastic cell, and revealing the meaning of scriptures—this experience inspired her to do what? a. Begin her own monastic order b. Protest erroneous teachings of the church by writing letters to the Pope and other officials c. Write poetry and music explaining what she had learned d. Travel as a missionary to central Asia
c.
In what way was Dufay a forward-looking composer? a. He utilized a slow-moving tenor part as the foundational voice in many of his pieces b. He stopped using "church modes" entirely in favor of the new major and minor scales c. He occasionally used secular melodies as foundations for sacred Masses d. He maintained uniformly dense textures in all of his compositions
c.
In which nation did the Renaissance not first arise in music? Question options: a. Belgium b. France c. Italy d. Holland
c.
Secular medieval music was primarily transmitted by oral tradition or improvised as needed, rather than being written down and preserved. a. True b. False
a.
Since authorship was a largely unfamiliar concept, very few names of musicians associated with Gregorian chants have come down to us. a. True b. False
a.
Match the year to the musical era that contained it. Modern Classical Middle Ages Romantic Renaissance Baroque 1. 1440 2. 1580 3. 1600 4. 1750 5. 1850 6. 1945
Modern-6 Classical-4 Middle Ages-1 Romantic-5 Renaissance-2 Baroque-3
The "courtly love" tradition idealized women as "noble damsels." a. True b. False
a.
The "octave" is divided up into twelve steps, each of which is defined as a ____. a. Semitone b. Demitone c. Whole step d. Conjunct
a.
Match the scales to their descriptions. Pentatonic Chromatic Major Whole-tone Minor 1. features only five pitches per octave 2. divides the octave into six equal steps 3. uses all twelve steps within each octave 4. Eight pitches total, distinguished by its lowered third pitch. 5. Eight pitches total, with half steps between the 3rd and 4th pitches and the 7th and 8th pitches.
Pentatonic- 1 Chromatic- 3 Major-4 Whole-tone-2 Minor-5
The Greek system of "modes," on which much medieval music is based, is similar to our modern scales in that both consist of a stepwise pattern of pitches that fill out an octave. a. True b. False
a.
Match the era of music history with the correct stylistic feature. Romantic Classical Modern Baroque 1. new ways of organizing pitch, scale, and harmony that expressed the rapid pace of technological change alongside increasing horror at the cost of war 2. increased emphasis on stretching rules and personal expression, mostly within the boundaries of tonality 3. emphasis on clarity, simplicity, and regular form 4. highly emotional and turbulent, characterized by ornate melodies and complex musical structures
Romantic- 2 Classical-3 Modern-1 Baroque-4
Place the following sections of the Ordinary in the correct order. Sanctus Agnus Dei Gloria Credo Kyrie Eleison
Sanctus-4 Agnus Dei-5 Gloria-2 Credo-3 Kyrie Eleison-1
Match the medieval instrument to its "family" or type. Shawm Recorder Rebec Lute 1. plucked stringed instrument 2. bowed stringed instrument 3. double-reed instrument 4. wind instrument
Shawm-3 Recorder-4 Rebec-2 Lute-1
Timbre, or tone color, is the quality of sound that differentiates one instrument from another. a. True b. False
a.
How do we know that the anonymous first composers of Western polyphony were educated church clerics? a. Because the new music required notation b. Because the text for the new music was strictly written in Greek c. Because the music obeyed strict rules in modal usage codified by Pope Francis I d. Because the composers used ancient Hebrew melodies derived from the Psalms of King David as the basis for their music
a.
How does Sousa's "Stars and Stripes Forever" differ from many other marches? a. Its form emphasizes the final boisterous trio rather than a return of the opening material b. It uses multiple levels of loudness and softness rather than one consistent dynamic level c. It was the first march to feature the use of an electric guitar d. Most marches are in a major key, but this one is in a minor key throughout
a.
In standard musical notation, the symbol "two eighth notes" is equal to how many eighth rests? a. Two b. Three c. One d. Four
a.
In what era did composers break from the system of tonality? a. Modern b. Baroque c. Romantic d. Post-modern
a.
Renaissance humanists reaffirmed the ancient Greek idea that music could powerfully shape and influence human behavior. a. True b. False
a.
Guillaume Dufay was likely born near what major city? a. Paris b. Brussels c. Calais d. Milan
b.
Hildegard of Bingen wrote volumes of work regarding personal theology, expressing little interest in social or ecological issues. a. True b. False
b.
Hildegard of Bingen's text in O viridissima virga likens Christ to a fountain of refreshing water in parched lands. a. True b. False
b.
How did Renaissance composers think of their music differently than their medieval counterparts? a. They started with one voice, and then added parts to it in succession b. They thought of the different parts simultaneously as they created their works c. They rediscovered actual manuscripts detailing Greek modes, leading to new conceptions of harmony d. They introduced polyphony to musical composition
b.
In a dotted note, the dot extends the note by adding twice its value. a. True b. False
b.
In all medieval chants, the musicians sing in unison—having a soloist perform alone was prohibited as a dangerous invitation to pride. a. True b. False
b.
In reaction to the strictness of balance and design used by composers of the Classical period, composers during the ensuing Baroque era explored the often turbulent emotional capacities of music. a. True b. False
b.
The German Minnesingers often sang of Minne, a spiritualized incarnation of the goddess of music. a. True b. False
b.
The Greek concept that some intervals are fundamentally pleasing while others are naturally harsh and unstable is known as what? a. The presence of monophony and polyphony b. The distinction between consonance and dissonance c. The modal scales d. The distinction between conjunct and disjunct
b.
The art of "attentive listening" involves the ability to listen to a piece only once and thus completely understand and appreciate it. a. True b. False
b.
The composer Léonin likely held what position or title? a. Courtier b. Priest c. Abbot d. Master of the musicians' guild
b.
The introduction to "The Stars and Stripes Forever" prepares the listener for the first strain of the march, featuring a lively melody heard in the lowest possible register. a. True b. False
b.
The kithara, a harp-like music, was scorned by Plato as he believed its sound to have a corrupting effect. a. True b. False
b.
The score for the movie Psycho was composed by famous 20th-century composer Arnold Schoenberg. a. True b. False
b.
The term "Classical" derives from what source? a. Greek term denoting divine origin b. Latin term describing the upper class in Roman society c. Arabic word for the mathematical ratios commonly found in art music d. Italian word for old-fashioned or quaint
b.
Tonality is a system of musical organization that depends on a network of harmonic relationships, all centered on dissonant triads. a. True b. False
b.
Transplanted composers at the beginning of the Renaissance left their homes for London, serving the English monarchy. a. True b. False
b.
What is the term for the new musical style that became popular in the 14th century? a. Musica nova b. Ars nova c. Musique Francaise d. Ars contrapunta
b.
Which of the following best describes Hildegard of Bingen's piece, O viridissima virga? a. A setting of the Ordinary for women's voices b. A setting of the Proper in honor of the Virgin Mary c. Part of an extended cycle of Daily Offices meant to be performed throughout the season of Advent d. A secular motet that she had to hide from church authorities for fear of excommunication
b.
Which of the following describes "ternary form?" a. Three unique sections of music b. Three sections of music, of which the third is a repetition of the first c. Two sections of music with the second repeated with extensive modification d. Two sections of music played successively three times
b.
Which statement about Hildegard of Bingen's early life is NOT true? a. She took vows at the age of 14 and entered a convent b. She was educated by Carmelite nuns c. Her parents offered her to the church as a tithe, as she was their tenth child d. Her parents were members of the nobility
b.
Which statement about troubadours is true? a. These poet-musicians worked primarily in the southern region of what is now Spain b. Many troubadours wrote epic poems and composed songs about the Crusades c. All troubadours were nobly born d. All troubadours were commoners
b.