NASM Chapter 7

movements that take place within a joint and are not visible to the human eye are classified as:

arthrokinematic

what term is used to describe muscle tension that is created without a change in muscle length and no visible movement of the joint?

isometric

which subsystem is responsible for providing both frontal plane mobility and stabilization of the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex?

lateral subsystem

the posterior oblique system includes which of the following muscle groups?

thoracolumbar fascia and contralateral gluteus maximus

the anterior oblique subsystem includes which of the following muscle groups?

adductor (inner) thigh muscles, obliques, and hip external rotators

overactive hip flexors may lead to which of the following postural compensations?

anterior tilting of the pelvis and an increased low-back arch

which of the following statements would be accurate with regard to muscle force and velocity during a concentric contraction?

as the velocity of the muscle action increases, its ability to produce force decreases

which statement tis accurate with regard tot muscle force and velocity during a concentric contraction?

as the velocity of the muscle action increases, its ability to produce force decreases

which of the following muscles is primarily target when performing a biceps curl exercise with the thumb up?

brachioradialis

stored energy from an efficiently functioning stretch-shortening cycle is released during which muscle action?

concentric

during a squat, the lowering phase would be described as what type of muscle action?

eccentric

which muscle functions as part of the global muscular system?

erector spinae

pronation of the foot describes what multiplanar movements?

eversion, dorsiflexion, ankle abduction

what is the concept used to describe the action of muscles that have the ability to contract automatically in anticipation of movement?

feed-forward

what type of lever could be described as having a fulcrum in the middle like a seesaw?

first class

the deep longitudinal subsystem includes which of the following muscle groups?

hamstrings and erector spinae

during a squat, which muscle group isometrically contracts to prevent unnecessary thigh movement in the frontal plane?

hip abductors

which of the following benefits may occur as a result of exercises that comprise only eccentric muscle actions that are appropriately loaded?

increased anabolic hormone stimulation

which of the following force couples is accurately linked to the movement created by their combined action?

internal and external obliques functioning to create trunk rotation

which muscle functions in a feed-forward mechanism in anticipation of limb movements?

multifidus

which of the following muscle groups work both eccentrically and concentrically in the sagittal plane during a squat?

quadriceps

what term is used to describe the concept of how the functioning of one body segment can impact other areas of the body?

regional interdependence

the upper trapezius works with what muscle as a force couple to create upward rotation of the scapula?

serratus anterior

what scientific term is used to describe the concept whereby a loaded eccentric contraction prepares the muscles for a rapid concentric contraction?

stretch-shortening cycle

what measurement is dependent upon the length of the lever arm and the angle between the force application and the lever arm?

torque

during normal walking, the pelvis rotates in what plane to facilitate the necessary momentum for the swing phase?

transverse

in what plane of movement do shoulder horizontal adduction and abduction occur?

transverse