NCEA Level 3 Biology - Plant and Animal Responses

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Circadian Rhythm

A daily rhythm of an organism

Mutualism

Relationship where both organisms benifit

Exogenous Rhythm

Rhythms that are derived from an external cue such as sunlight or tide

Courtship

Ritualised behaviour between members of the same species to facilitate sexual reproduction

Home Range

Wider area that the territory that organisms hunt for food,gether water etc.

Auxin

Chemical that causes cells in plants to elongate and therefore grow towards or away from a stimulus

Intraspecific Competition

Competition between different species

Interspecific Competition

Competition between organisms of the same species

Tropism

Directional growth towards or away from a stimulus

Zeitgieber

Environmental stimulus that resets an organisms biological clock

Homing

An animals ability to return home from unfamiliar territory

Gibberellins

Increase inter-node length causing long day plants to flower. Helps mobilise endosperm and promotes germination of a wide variety of seeds

Endogenous Rhythm

Internal rhythms such as a biological clock that do not necessarily completely connect with with external abiotic cues

Abcission

Leaf fall, aim is to prevent water loss in cells so that the water in leaves does not freeze

Biotic Factors

Living factors affecting an organism

Migration

Mass movement of a population from one area to another

Taxis

Movement towards or away from a stimulus

Abiotic Factors

Non living environmental factors affecting an organism

Klinokinesis

Non-directional response to the random tuning and movement of an organism

Orthokinesis

Non-directional response to the speed of an organism

Nastic movements

Non-directional responses to a stimulus most often found in plants

Predation

One animal kills another for food

Amensalism

One organism benifits while the other is harmed

Parasitism

One organism feeds off another but does not kill it

Alleopathy

One organism secretes a substance to inhibit the growth of another

Commensalism

One species benifits while the other is not affected

Cyokinins

Promotes cell division

Structural, Behavioral, Physiological, Life History

The 4 different adaptation an organism can have

Succession

The changing of an environment due to competition over time

Primary succession

The colonisation of new ground, could be a volcanic area or a slip

Secondary succession

The colonisation of vacant but fertile ground

Riboflavin

This is what absorbs the light in plants

Territory

closely guarded area where organisms give birth and care for offspring

Vernalisation

regulation of flowering by a period of chilling


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