NCLEX Exam 6 Questions (Neuro & Endocrine)

Food items to treat hypoglycemia

1/2 cup oj or sugar-sweetened carbonated beverage, 8 oz milk, 1 small box of raisins, 3-4 hard candies, 4 sugar cubes, 3-4 life saver candies, 1 candy bar, 1 tsp honey, or 2-3 gluscose tablets

A mother arrives at the emergency deparment with her 5-yo child and states that the child fell off a bunk bed. A head injury is suspected. The nurse checks the child's airway status and assesses the child for early and late signs of increased intracranial pressure/ Whcih is a late sign of increased ICP?

bradycardia

A child has fluid volume deficit. The nurse performs an assessment and determines that the child is improving and the deficit is resolving if which finding is noted?

capillary refill is less than 2 seconds

A health care provider prescribes an intravenous solution of 5% dextrose and half-normal saline with 40 mEq of potassium chloride for a child with hypotonic dehydration. The nurse performs which priority assessment before administering the IV prescription?

checks the amount of urine output

The parents of a child recently diagnosed with cerebral palsy ask the nurse about the limitations of the disorder. The nurse responds by explaining that the limitations occur as a result of which pathophysiological process?

chronic disability characterized by impaired muscle movement and posture

A lumbar puncture is performed on a child suspected to have bacterial meningitis, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is obtained for analysis. The nurse reviews the results of the CSF analysis and determines that which results would verify the diagnosis?

cloudy CSF, elevated protein, and decreased glucose levels

A school-aged child with type 1 diabetes mellitus has soccer practice and the school nurse provides instructions regarding how to prevent hypoglycemia during practice. Which should the school nurse tell the child to do?

eat a small box of raisins or drink a cup of oj before

The mother of a 6 year old child who has type 1 diabetes mellitus calls a clinic nurse and tells the nurse that the child has been sick. The mother reports that she checked the child's urine and it was positive for ketones. The nurse should instruct the mother to take which action?

encourage the child to drink liquids

An adolescent client with type 1 diabetes mellitus is admitted to the emergency department for treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis. Which assessment findings should the nurse expect to note?

fruity breath odor and decreasing level of consciousness

The nurse should implement which interventions for a child older than 2 years with type 1 diabetes mellitus who has a blood glucose level of 60 mg/dL?

give the child a tsp of honey & prepare to administer glucagon subcutaneously if unconsciousness occurs

A mother brings her 3-week old infant to a clinic for a phenylketonuria rescreening blood test. The test indicates a serum phenylalnine level of 1 mg/dL. The nurse reviews this result and makes which interpretation?

it is negative

The nurse is planning care for a child with acute bacterial meningitis. Based on the mode of transmission of this infection, which precautionary intervention should be included int eh plan of care?

maintain respiratory isolation precautions for at least 24 hours after the initiation of antibiotics

The nurse notes documentation that a child is exhibiting an inability to flex the leg when the thigh is flexed anteriorly at the hip. Which condition does the nurse suspect?

meningitis

The nurse is assigned to care for an 8 yo chld with a diagnosis of a basilar skull fracture. The nurse reviews the health care provider's prescriptions and should contact the HCP to question which prescription?

nasotracheal suction as needed

A child with type 1 diabetes mellitus is brought to the emergency department by the mother, who states that the child has been complaining of ab pain and has been lethargic. Diabetic ketoacidosis is diagnosed. Anticipating the plan of care, the nurse prepares to administer which type of IV infusion?

normal saline infusion

A child is diagnosed with Reye's syndrome. The nurse creates a nursing care plan for the child and should include which intervention in the plan?

providing a quiet atmosphere with dimmed lighting

The nurse has just administered ibuprofen to a child with a temperature of 102 F. The nurse should also take which action?

remove excess clothing and blankets from the child

An infant with a diagnosis of hydrocephalus is scheduled for surgery. Which is the priority nursing intervention in the preoperative period?

reposition the infant frequency

The nurse is reviewing the record of a child with increased ICP and notes that the child was exhibited signs of decerbrate posturing. On assessment of the child, the nurse expects to note which characteristic of this type of posturing?

rigid extension and pronation of the arms and legs

The nurse creates a plan of care for a child at risk for tonic-clonic seizures. In the plan of care, the nurse identifies seizure precautions and documents that which item(s) need to be placed at the child's beside?

suctioning equipment and oxygen

The nurse is creating a plan of care for a child who is at risk for seizures. Which interventions apply if the child has a seizure?

time the seizure, stay with the child, and move furniture away from the child