NCLEX Questions Week 2 Fundamental concepts and skills for Nursing

A client with tuberculosis (TB) who is being prepared for discharge to home would be instructed to follow which practice to decrease the possibility of spreading the infection?

Wear a mask when in contact with people outside of the family until medications are effective.

A client with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) needs to be placed on contact precautions, and the licensed practical nurse (LPN) in charge asks a newly licensed LPN to initiate contact precautions. Which action by the new LPN would indicate the need to review the procedure for contact precautions

Wears a gown when caring for the client and removes the gown immediately after leaving the client's room

A client with tuberculosis, whose status is being monitored in an ambulatory care clinic, asks the nurse when it is permissible to return to work. What would the nurse tell the client?

"Three sputum cultures must be negative before returning to work."

A 9-year-old child with leukemia is in remission and has returned to school. The school secretary calls the mother of the child and tells the mother that a classmate has just been diagnosed with varicella (chickenpox). The mother immediately calls the nurse at the primary health care provider's office because the leukemic child has never had chickenpox. The nurse would make which response to the mother?

"Bring the child to the office for an injection called immune globulin."

The nurse has instructed a client diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) about how to prevent the spread of infection after discharge. The nurse determines that the client needs further teaching if the client makes which statement?

"I should use disposable plates, forks, and knives."

A pregnant woman has a positive history of genital herpes, but she has not had lesions during her pregnancy. The nurse plans to provide which information to the client?

"You will be evaluated at the time of delivery for herpetic genital tract lesions. If they are present, a cesarean delivery will be needed."

The nurse would plan to reinforce instructions to which clients about the risk for transmission of disease through blood and sexual contact? Select all that apply

1. A client diagnosed with hepatitis A virus 2. A client diagnosed with hepatitis A virus 3. A client diagnosed with hepatitis C virus 4. A client diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

A caregiver of a client with an advanced case of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) asks the nurse to review instructions in order to take care of the client. Which instructions would be appropriate for the nurse to reinforce? Select all that apply.

1. Wash soiled clothes in hot water. 2. Use gloves when handling body fluids. 3. Soak cleaning rags, sponges and mops in a 1:10 bleach solution for 5 minutes.

A licensed practical nurse (LPN) attends a session about bioterrorism agents including anthrax. Which statement by an attendee demonstrates the need for further teaching about anthrax?

Anthrax bacteria produces a neurotoxin leading to a serious, possibly fatal paralysis.

The nurse is caring for a child with a diagnosis of roseola. The nurse provides instructions to the mother regarding preventing the transmission of the infection to the other children in the family and the other household members. Which instructions would the nurse reinforce to the mother?

Avoid allowing the children to share drinking glasses or eating utensils because the disease is transmitted through the saliva.

Contact the primary health care provider (PHCP) if even a low-grade fever develops.

Change the iv tubing

The nurse has reinforced instructions to a client with tuberculosis about proper handling and disposal of respiratory secretions. The nurse determines that the client understands the instructions if the client verbalizes to take which measure?

Discard used tissues in a plastic bag

The nurse receives a telephone call from the admissions office and is told that a child with acute bacterial meningitis will be admitted to the pediatric unit. The nurse prepares for the child's arrival and plans to implement which type of precautions?

Droplet

A client is diagnosed with Haemophilus influenzae pneumonia. In addition to standard precautions, which other precautions would be instituted immediately by the nurse?

Droplet Precautions

The nurse prepares to give a bath and change the bed linens for a client with cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma lesions. The lesions are open and draining a scant amount of serous fluid. Which would the nurse use during the bathing of this client?

Gown and gloves

A pregnant woman has tested positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The nurse reinforces information to the client about HIV and determines that the need for further teaching is necessary when the client makes which statement?

I need to breastfeed my baby

Which instructions would be included in the teaching plan for a mother whose newborn is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive?

Instruct the mother and family to provide meticulous skin care to the newborn and to change the newborn's diaper after each voiding or stool.

The nurse is preparing to care for a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who has Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia. In planning infection control for this client, which would be the appropriate form of isolation to use to prevent the spread of infection to others?

Standard precautions

The nurse will perform a sterile dressing change after removing the old dressing with clean gloves. The nurse removes the gloves, uses alcohol-based hand sanitizer to perform hand hygiene, and prepares to perform open sterile gloving. The nurse removes the gloves from the outer package. The nurse is right-handed. The nurse opens the inner wrapper and flattens the wrapper to expose the gloves. Which is the next action the nurse takes when donning sterile gloves?

Pick up right glove at cuff with left thumb and forefinger.

The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of cancer who is immunosuppressed. Neutropenic precautions have been implemented. Which activity would the nurse question if observed while caring for this client?

The client orders lunch of soup, salad with tomatoes and cucumbers, and an apple.

A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of neutropenia. Which interventions would the nurse include in planning care for this client? Select all that apply.

1. Check temperature at least every 4 hours. 2. Monitor white blood cell count daily as prescribed. 3. Remove fresh flowers or plants from the client's room.

The nurse performs an audit in the hospital intensive care unit of clients who have indwelling urinary catheters. Which observations, found in the audit, pose a risk for a health care-associated infection? Select all that apply.

1. Drainage bag port touching the floor 2. Dependent loop in the catheter tubing 3. Use of one measuring container between two clients with the same pathogen in the urine

A client has been placed on neutropenic precautions. Which information is appropriate when explaining what this means? Select all that apply.

1. Get plenty of sleep and rest 2. Take all medications as prescribed. 3. Wash your hands frequently with antibacterial soap 4. Contact the primary health care provider (PHCP) if even a low-grade fever develops.

Following a cleft lip repair, the nurse reinforces instructions to the parents of the infant. Which of the instructions would be given to the parents of the infant? Select all that apply

1. Monitor frequency of diaper changes. 2. Cleanse the surgical site with normal saline. 3. Apply prescribed antibiotic ointment to the surgical site.

The nurse working in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) clinic is reviewing modes of transmission for HIV for a new nurse to the clinic. Which potential modes of HIV transmission would the nurse review? Select all that apply.

1. Needle stick injuries 2. Transmission by breast milk 3. Inconsistent use of protective equipment