NDFS Exam 2

The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend limiting our intake of ________ and replacing them with ________.

(Trans fat and saturated fat), (Monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, omega-3 fats)

If an average adult's RDA for protein is 65 grams, they would weigh approximately ________.

81 kilograms (178 pounds)

If someone weighed 100 kilograms, what would their daily protein needs be (based on weight)?

About 80 grams

Which of the following statements about kwashiokor is true?

All of the choices are correct

Which of the following statements about diabetes is MOST correct?

In Type 1 diabetes, the pancreas does not produce enough insulin

Which of the following is NOT a complete protein source?

Apples

Which of the following foods is naturally a rich source of monounsaturated fatty acids?

Avacado

Sarah had her gallbladder removed one week ago. At her follow-up visit, she complained of having greasy stools. What dietary modification could help to alleviate Sarah's problem?

Avoid high-fat meals

Carter wants to lower his blood cholesterol level. Based on this information, he should limit his intake of ______.

Butter and beef

If someone consumes excess energy (kcal) from protein, the extra protein is ultimately...

Converted into body fat and stored

Lipids include phospholipids, sterols, and amino acids. T/F

False

When muscle cells have more glucose than they need for energy, they may store some of the excess as

Glycogen

This hormone is required for glucose to enter body cells. It also transports excess carbohydrate back to the liver where it is either converted to glycogen or stored as fat.

Insulin

Which of the following lipoproteins contains the highest percentage of cholesterol?

LDL

Following absorption, galactose and fructose are converted to glucose in the ______.

Liver

Elevated levels of this lipoprotein are associated with an increased risk of heart disease, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, and atherosclerosis.

Low-Density lipoprotein (LDL)

Which of the following is NOT classified as a complex carbohydrate?

Maltose

Which of the following is considered an essential amino acid?

Methionine

_______ is defined as monosaccharides or disaccharides in whole foods like fruits, vegetables, grain products, milk, etc. (i.e. Apples)

Natural sugar (simple sugars)

What element is found in proteins but NOT in carbohydrates or lipids?

Nitrogen

Suppose you work at a biomedical lab and run the following blood lipid profile on a patient. How would you interpret the following results? LDL = Cholesterol = 145 mg/dl, total cholesterol = 210 mg/dl, triglyceride = 152 mg/dl, HDL cholesterol = 23 mg/dl

Patient has a low HDL value

Which of the following functions as an emulsifier in the body and is required for cell membrane structure?

Phospholipids

__________ contribute to the flexibility, structure, and proper functioning of cell membranes.

Phospholipids

Food sources of this type of fat include fish, flaxseed, nuts...

Polyunsaturated fat

A person who is growing or pregnant would be expected to be in a state of ________.

Positive Nitrogen Balance

Which of the following foods would contain the LEAST amount of dietary fiber?

Pudding

This organelle resides in the cytoplasm of living cells and helps carry out protein synthesis by "translating" the mRNA strand.

Ribosome

Which food is the best source of EPA and DHA (2 essential fatty acids)?

Salmon (fish)

Which of the following substances is a complex carbohydrate?

Starch

Major functions of lipids include all of the following EXCEPT _________.

Stimulate the production of vitamins and minerals

Eating a diet high in trans fatty acids has been shown to increase circulating levels of LDL. Why do food manufacturers use trans fatty acids like partially hydrogenated vegetable oils in packaged and processed foods?

Trans fatty acids increase a food's shelf life

After absorption, amino acids travel to the liver via the hepatic portal vein. T/F

True

Carbohydrates are created via the process of photosynthesis in plants. Therefore, meat is not a source of carbohydrate. T/F

True

Consumers of regular soft drinks are likely to have excessive energy intakes that contribute to weight gain. T/F

True

Enzymatic digestion of proteins begins in the stomach. T/F

True

In the near future, dietitians may have the ability to make dietary recommendations based on an analysis of a person's genetic makeup in addition to traditional forms of health assessment. T/F

True