Nerve System Quiz

Sympathetic responses generally have widespread effects on the body because

preganglionic fibers synapse with several postganglionic fibers

Which of the following cranial nerves is responsible for movements of the tongue

trochlear

The neural pathway involved in the patellar, or "knee jerk," reflex is known as the ____________

reflex arc

Gray matter is primarily cell bodies, interneurons, and myelinated fibers.

FALSE Gray matter is primarily cell bodies, interneurons, and unmyelinated fibers.

Schwann cells are found throughout the nervous system. They support nerve fibers and sometimes form a myelin sheath around them.

FALSE Schwann cells are found only in the peripheral nervous system.

Which type of cell specializes in acting as a microbe-eating scavenger?

Microglia

Which of the following most accurately describes the kind of fibers found in spinal nerves

Motor and sensory fibers

_____________(2 words) is characterized by the destruction of oligodendrocytes, resulting in demyelination throughout the white matter of the CNS.

Multiple Sclerosis

The white matter of the spinal cord is composed primarily of _______ axons

myelinated

Cells within the CNS are missing the outer cell membrane of a Schwann cell are called

neurilemma

A synaptic knob would be located on a(n):

axon

The ________ space is located immediately outside the dura mater but inside the bony coverings of the spinal cord.

epidural

Chronic seizure episodes are referred to as

epilepsy

Paralysis of both legs is called

paraplegia

belong to the autonomic nervous system

parasympathetic norepinephrine adrenergic

The innermost layer of the meninges is the

pia mater

A synapse consists of

1 a synaptic knob 2 a synaptic cleft 3 the plasma membrane of a postsynaptic neuron

There are ______ pairs of spinal nerves

31

Which is/are the neurotransmitter(s) in a somatic motor pathway

Acetylcholine

Ascending tracts conduct impulses

Ascending tracts conduct impulses up the cord to the brain, whereas descending tracts conduct impulses down the cord from the brain.

Interneurons reside

CNS only

A lack of this neurotransmitter is associated with Parkinson disease.

Dopamine

Cranial nerves are part of the

PNS

A membrane that exhibits a membrane potential is said to be polarized and can be measured by a device called a voltmeter.

TRUE A membrane that exhibits a membrane potential is said to be polarized. It has a negative and a positive pole. The magnitude of potential difference between the two sides of a polarized membrane is measured in volts (V) or millivolts (mV) and can be measured by a device called a voltmeter

In myelinated fibers, action potentials in the membrane only occur at the nodes of Ranvier. This type of impulse conduction is called __________conduction.

Saltatory

The myelin sheath is formed by

Schwann cells

an affector of the autonomic nervous system?

Skeletal muscle

Acetylcholine is a small-molecule neurotransmitter that is found in various locations in the nervous system

TRUE Acetylcholine is a small-molecule neurotransmitter that is found in various locations in the nervous system. It has both an excitatory effect and inhibitory effect depending on the location where it is functioning.

Bundles of fibers, called fascicles, are held together by a layer of connective tissue layer called the perineurium

TRUE Bundles of fibers, called fascicles, are held together by a layer of connective tissue layer called the perineurium. Numerous fascicles are then held together to form a complete nerve by a fibrous layer called the epineurium

function of the central nervous system (CNS)

The central nervous system integrates sensory information, evaluates it, and initiates an outgoing response.

cerebellum performs the following functions

The cerebellum coordinates control of muscle action, helps control posture, and controls skeletal muscles to maintain balance.

primary function of the cerebrum?

Willed movements, memory, and sensory perception are all primary functions of the cerebrum

The main divisions of the central nervous system are the:

brain, peripheral nerves, and autonomic nerves

Dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine are neurotransmitters that are classified as

catecholamines

Cerebrospinal fluid is formed by filtration of blood in the:

choroid plexus

A common type of traumatic brain injury resulting from a jolt to the head is

concussion

Somatic responses consist of

contractions of skeletal muscles

Along a neuron, the correct pathway for impulse conduction is:

dendrite, cell body, and axon

The part of the brain that can influence the release of hormones of the endocrine system is the

hypothalamus

parasympathetic stimulation

increased heart rate

The autonomic nervous system functions chiefly in the

innervation of smooth muscle in the viscera

Both the subjective and objective expression of emotions involves the cerebrum's _________ ________

limbic system

Several vital centers are located in the

medulla

Norepinephrine is liberated at

most sympathetic postganglionic nerve endings

A neuron that transmits a nerve impulse toward the central nervous system is called a

sensory neuron

The part of the nervous system that transmits impulses from the CNS to skeletal (voluntary) muscle is the

somatic nervous system

Withdrawal and jerk reflexes are two common kinds of ____________ __________

spinal cord

Cerebrospinal fluid circulates through the ventricles, into the central canal and ________, and is absorbed back into the blood.

subarachnoid space

Impulses from the _________ play a part in arousing or alerting the cerebrum

thalamus