Neuro ?'s confirmed

The nurse is planning care for a patient with a T3 spinal cord injury. The nurse includes which intervention in the plan to prevent autonomic hyperreflexia? Administer dexamethasone as per the provider's order Assess vital signs and observe for hypotension, tachycardia, and tachypnea Teach the patient that this condition is relatively minor with few symptoms Assist the patient to develop a daily bowel routine to prevent constipation

Assist the patient to develop a daily bowel routine to prevent constipation Rationale: Autonomic hyperreflexia is a potentially life-threatening condition that may be triggered by bladder or bowel distention, visceral distention, or stimulation of pain receptors on the skin. A daily bowel regimen program eliminates this trigger. A patient with autonomic hyperreflexia would be hypertensive and bradycardic. Removal of stimuli results in prompt resolution of signs and symptoms. Dexamethasone is unrelated to this specific condition.

The nurse is providing care for a patient who has been admitted to the hospital with a head injury and who requires regular neurologic vital signs. Which of the following assessments will be components of the patient's score on the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) (select all that apply)? A. Judgment B. Eye opening C. Abstract reasoning D. Best verbal response E. Best motor response F. Cranial nerve function

Eye opening Best verbal response Best motor response

A client with a T4-level spinal cord injury (SCI) reports severe headache. The nurse notes profuse diaphoresis of the client's forehead and scalp and suspects autonomic dysreflexia. What is the first thing the nurse will do? a. Supine position b. Side lying position c. Place the client in a sitting position. d. Place patient in Trendelenburg

Place the client in a sitting position.

Which of the following interventions should the nurse perform in the acute care of a patient with autonomic dysreflexia? • Urinary catheterization • Administration of benzodiazepines • Suctioning of the patient's upper airway • Placement of the patient in the Trendelenburg position

Urinary catheterization

"A client with a lumbar laminectomy ambulates for the first time after surgery and begins to feel faint. Which nursing action would be best until help arrives?" a.) Have the client close his eyes for a few minutes. b.) Maneuver the client to a sitting position on the floor. c.) Separate her or his feet to form a wide base of support and have the client rest against the nurse's hip. d.) Have the client separate his feet to form a wide base of support then bend at the waist to place his head near his knees.

c.) Separate her or his feet to form a wide base of support and have the client rest against the nurse's hip.

A patient with a history of ischemic stroke is receiving warfarin therapy. Which of the following statements indicates the patient has a correct understanding of warfarin therapy? "The warfarin will help reverse the effects of my stroke so I can have a chance at full recovery." "I should increase my daily intake of leafy green veggies." "My activated partial thromoplastin time (aPTT) will need to be checked regularly from now on." "I need to check with my provider before taking over-the-counter medications"

"I need to check with my provider before taking over-the-counter medications"

When assessing a patient with a traumatic brain injury, the nurse notes uncoordinated movement of the extremities. The nurse would document this as • Ataxia. • Apraxia. • Anisocoria. • Anosognosia.

Ataxia.

Which of the following nursing interventions is most appropriate when caring for patients with dementia? • Avoid direct eye contact. • Lovingly call the patient "honey" or "sweetie." • Give simple directions, focusing on one thing at a time. • Treat the patient according to his or her age-related behavior.

Give simple directions, focusing on one thing at a time.

Which of the following signs and symptoms in a patient with a T4 spinal cord injury should alert the nurse to the possibility of autonomic dysreflexia? • Headache and rising blood pressure • Irregular respirations and shortness of breath • Decreased level of consciousness or hallucinations • Abdominal distention and absence of bowel sounds

Headache and rising blood pressure

The nurse is assigned to care for patients with SCI on a rehabilitation unit. Which of the following does the nurse recognize are clinical manifestations of autonomic dysreflexia? Select all that apply. a. Hypertension b. Coughing c. Diaphoresis d. Crying e. Nasal congestion

Hypertension Diaphoresis Nasal congestion

The nurse would expect to find which of the following clinical manifestations in a patient admitted with a left-brain stroke? • Impulsivity • Impaired speech • Left-side neglect • Short attention span

Impaired speech

A client with a T4-level spinal cord injury (SCI) is experiencing autonomic dysreflexia; his blood pressure is 230/110. The nurse cannot locate the cause and administers antihypertensive medication as ordered. The nurse empties the client's bladder and the symptoms abate. Now, what must the nurse watch for? a. Rebound hypotension b. Rebound hypertension c. hypertensive crisis d. death

Rebound hypotension

Which of these nursing actions for a 64-year-old patient with Guillain-Barré syndrome, the nurse can delegate to an experienced unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)? a. Assess weakness with range of motion exercises b. Reposition client every 2 hours c. Show the client how to do deep-breathing exercises d. Suction the client, only if the nurse is with another patient

Reposition client every 2 hours

The nurse assesses a patient for signs of meningeal irritation and observes her for nuchal rigidity. Which of the following indicates the presence of this sign of meningeal irritation? • Tonic spasms of the legs • Curling in a fetal position • Arching of the neck and back • Resistance to flexion of the neck

Resistance to flexion of the neck

The nurse is providing care for a patient who has been diagnosed with Guillain-Barré syndrome. Which of the following assessments should the nurse prioritize? • Pain assessment • Glasgow Coma Scale • Respiratory assessment • Musculoskeletal assessment

Respiratory assessment

A patient is being brought to the emergency department after suffering a head injury. The first action by the nurse is to determine the patient's: Level of consciousness Pulse and blood pressure Respiratory rate and depth Ability to move extremities

Respiratory rate and depth Rationale: The first action of the nurse is to ensure that the patient has an adequate airway and respiratory status. In rapid sequence, the patient's circulatory status is evaluated, followed by neurological status.

The nurse is caring for a patient admitted with a spinal cord injury following a motor vehicle accident. The patient exhibits a complete loss of motor, sensory, and reflex activity below the injury level. The nurse recognizes this condition as which of the following? • Central cord syndrome • Spinal shock syndrome • Anterior cord syndrome • Brown-Séquard syndrome

Spinal shock syndrome

Which of the following measures should the nurse prioritize when providing care for a patient with a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS)? • Vigilant infection control and adherence to standard precautions • Careful monitoring of neurologic vital signs and frequent reorientation • Maintenance of a calorie count and hourly assessment of intake and output • Assessment of blood pressure and monitoring for signs of orthostatic hypotension

Vigilant infection control and adherence to standard precautions

The nurse is caring for a patient admitted with a subdural hematoma following a motor vehicle accident. Which of the following changes in vital signs would the nurse interpret as a manifestation of increased intracranial pressure? • Tachypnea • Bradycardia • Hypotension • Narrowing pulse pressure

• Bradycardia

Which of the following modifiable risk factors for stroke would be most important for the nurse to include when planning a community education program? • Hypertension • Hyperlipidemia • Alcohol consumption • Oral contraceptive use

• Hypertension

The nurse sees a client walking in the hallway who begins to have a seizure. The nurse should do which of the following in priority order? 1. Obtain vital signs. 2. Ease the client to the floor. 3. Maintain a patent airway. 4. Record the seizure activity observed.

1. Ease the client to the floor. 2. Maintain a patent airway. 3. Obtain vital signs. 4. Record the seizure activity observed.

For which of the following patients should the nurse prioritize an assessment for depression? • A patient in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease • A patient who is in the final stages of Alzheimer's disease • A patient experiencing delirium secondary to dehydration • A patient who has become delirious following an atypical drug response

A patient in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease

The nurse prepares to transfer a patient who has right-sided weakness from the bed to the wheelchair. With the patient's legs dangling on the side of the bed, where should the nurse position the wheelchair? Directly in front of the patient At a right angle to the patient's left leg Ninety degrees to the patient's right leg At a right angle to the patient's right leg

At a right angle to the patient's left leg Rationale: When a patient has a weakened lower extremity, movement should occur toward the patient's unaffected (strong) side, the left side. This position allows the patient to use the unaffected leg effectively and safely to stand, pivot, and sit in the wheelchair. Placing it directly in front of the patient increases risk because the patient must then pivot 180 degrees to the wheelchair in this position.

A female client who was trapped inside a car for hours after a head-oncollision is rushed to the emergency department with multiple injuries. Duringthe neurologic examination, the client responds to painful stimuli withdecerebrate posturing. This finding indicates damage to which part of the brain? a. Diencephalon b. Medulla c. Midbrain d. Cortex

B. Medulla Decerebrate posturing, characterized by abnormal extension inresponse to painful stimuli, indicates damage to the midbrain. With damage tothe diencephalon or cortex, abnormal flexion (decorticate posturing) occurswhen a painful stimulus is applied. Damage to the medulla results in flaccidity

Which of the following clinical manifestations would the nurse interpret as representing neurogenic shock in a patient with acute spinal cord injury? • Bradycardia • Hypertension • Neurogenic spasticity • Bounding pedal pulses

Bradycardia

A nurse is caring for a client with L1-L2 paraplegia who is undergoing rehabilitation. Which goal is appropriate? a. Establishing an intermittent catheterization routine every 4 hours b. Managing spasticity with range of motion exercises and medications c. Establishing an ambulation program using short leg braces

Establishing an intermittent catheterization routine every 4 hours

A health care provider is providing community education on signs and symptoms of stroke. Which of the following best describe the signs and symptoms of a stroke? Choose 1 answer: Choose 1 answer: (Choice A) A Diaphoresis and jaw pain (Choice B) B Weakness and edema (Choice C) C Facial droop and slurred speech (Choice D) D Indigestion and shortness of breath

Facial droop and slurred speech

When planning care for a patient with a C5 spinal cord injury, which nursing diagnosis is the highest priority? • Risk for impairment of tissue integrity caused by paralysis • Altered patterns of urinary elimination caused by quadriplegia • Altered family and individual coping caused by the extent of trauma • Ineffective airway clearance caused by high cervical spinal cord injury

Ineffective airway clearance caused by high cervical spinal cord injury

A male patient with a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) has been admitted recently to a long-term care facility. Which of the following actions should the health care team take in order to promote adequate nutrition for this patient? • Provide multivitamins with each meal. • Provide a diet that is low in complex carbohydrates and high in protein. • Provide small, frequent meals throughout the day that are easy to chew and swallow. • Provide the patient with a minced or pureed diet that is high in potassium and low in sodium.

Provide small, frequent meals throughout the day that are easy to chew and swallow.

Which of the following nursing interventions is most appropriate when communicating with a patient suffering from aphasia poststroke? • Present several thoughts at once so that the patient can connect the ideas. • Ask open-ended questions to provide the patient the opportunity to speak. • Use simple, short sentences accompanied by visual cues to enhance comprehension. • Finish the patient's sentences so as to minimize frustration associated with slow speech.

Use simple, short sentences accompanied by visual cues to enhance comprehension.

A nurse is teaching a client who has facial muscle weakness and has recently been diagnosed with myasthenia gravis. The nurse should teach the client that myasthenia gravis is caused by:

a lower motor neuron lesion. Explanation: Myasthenia gravis is characterized by a weakness of muscles, especially in the face and throat, caused by a lower motor neuron lesion at the myoneural junction. It isn't a genetic disorder. A combined upper and lower motor neuron lesion generally occurs as a result of spinal injuries. A lesion involving cranial nerves and their axons in the spinal cord would cause decreased conduction of impulses at an upper motor neuron.

A client asks a nurse, "How does sumatriptan relieve migraine headaches? the nurse should respond that it: a. dilates cerebral blood vessels b. constricts cerebral blood vessels c. decreases peripheral vascular resistance d. decreases the stimulation of baroceptors

b. constricts cerebral blood vessels

During morning care, a nurse notes that a client who's had a spinal cord injury has experienced a change in level of consciousness and isn't answering questions appropriately. The nurse checks the client's vital signs and measures his blood pressure at 180/110 mm Hg and his heart rate at 125 beats/minute. She determines that the client may be experiencing dysreflexia. What other assessments should the nurse make? Select all that apply. 1. Most recent bowel movement 2. Urine output 3. Percentage of meals taken 4. Medications ordered for hypertension 5. Pain level

bowel urine pain

A clinician is providing education to a patient with a recent diagnosis of a transient ischemic attack (TIA). Which of the statements by the patient indicates that the patient understands the information? (Choice A) A "It is important for you to seek medical attention immediately if you experience these symptoms again because they could mean that you are having a stroke." (Choice B) B "Because TIAs don't cause permanent damage, I do not need to worry if I have another one." (Choice C) C "TIAs are usually caused by large bleeds in the brain that resolve on their own." (Choice D) D "Transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) are often caused by small bleeds in the brain that resolve on their own."

"It is important for you to seek medical attention immediately if you experience these symptoms again because they could mean that you are having a stroke."

Which of the following is not a realistic outcome to establish with a client who has multiple sclerosis (MS)? The client will: 1. Develop joint mobility. 2. Develop muscle strength. 3. Develop cognition. 4. Develop mood elevation.

2. Develop muscle strength.

The nurse is caring for a client who has sustained a spinal cord injury (SCI) at C5 and has developed a paralytic ileus. The nurse will prepare the client for which of the following procedures? a. Collect CSF b. Insertion of a nasogastric tube c. Notify MD d. Call a code

Insertion of a nasogastric tube

The nurse is caring for a patient in the neurologic ICU who sustained a severe brain injury. Which of the following nursing measures will the nurse implement to aid in controlling ICP? a. Maintain heart rate between 60-100 bpm b. Maintaining cerebral perfusion pressure from 50 to 70 mm Hg c. Assess neurological status every hour d. Collect CSF

Maintaining cerebral perfusion pressure from 50 to 70 mm Hg

A patient who has experienced a stroke is being monitored during the acute management phase. The clinician notes that the patient's intracranial pressure (ICP) is 30mm Hg. Which of the following interventions should be taken first? Raise the head of the bed to 30° Assess level of consciousness Obtain vital signs Lay the patient flat

Raise the head of the bed to 30° In the acute management phase, stroke patients can develop increased intracranial pressure, which can complicate recovery and increase the risk of mortality. An ICP of over 20mm Hg requires immediate intervention. Assessing level of consciousness and vital signs is important if a change in ICP is noted, but it is the not the priority intervention. The head of the bed should be elevated to 30° to allow for an immediate decrease in ICP. Laying the patient flat would decrease venous drainage from the brain and contribute to increased ICP. Vital signs and other neurological assessments should be performed afterward and the provider should be notified.

"A client with a lumbar laminectomy ambulates for the first time after surgery and begins to feel faint. Which nursing action would be best until help arrives?" CHOICES a.) Have the client close his eyes for a few minutes. b.) Maneuver the client to a sitting position on the floor. c.) Separate her or his feet to form a wide base of support and have the client rest against the nurse's hip. d.) Have the client separate his feet to form a wide base of support then bend at the waist to place his head near his knees.

c.) Separate her or his feet to form a wide base of support and have the client rest against the nurse's hip.

When assessing the accessory nerve, the nurse would • Assess the gag reflex by stroking the posterior pharynx. • Ask the patient to shrug the shoulders against resistance. • Ask the patient to push the tongue to either side against resistance. • Have the patient say "ah" while visualizing elevation of soft palate.

Ask the patient to shrug the shoulders against resistance.

A health care provider is conducting a community education class on stroke prevention. The teaching plan for this class will include which of these instructions? There is no known link between risk of stroke and regular exercise. There is no correlation between diabetes and risk of stroke. Foods high in saturated fats can be consumed in moderate amounts. It is important to maintain a healthy weight and to control your blood pressure.

It is important to maintain a healthy weight and to control your blood pressure.

"For a neurologically injured client, the nurse would best assess motor strength by:" a.) comparing equality of hand grasps. b.) observing spontaneous movements. c.) observing the client feed himself. d.) asking him to signal if he feels pressure applied to his feet.

a.) comparing equality of hand grasps. RATIONALE: Comparing equality of hand grasps is a technique used to assess motor strength. The ability to move spontaneously demonstrates motor ability but not strength. Noting that the client can feed himself verifies coordination and motor ability but does not help determine muscle strength. Having the client signal when pressure is applied to his feet tests sensory function. NURSING PROCESS STEP: Assessment CLIENT NEEDS CATEGORY: Physiological integrity CLIENT NEEDS SUBCATEGORY: Physiological adaptation

The healthcare provider is reviewing the International Normalized Ratio (INR) results of a patient with a history of embolic stroke. Which of the following indicates a therapeutic value for this patient? 1.5 2.5 4.1 0.5

2.5 A general rule of thumb is for INR to be between 2.0-3.0 in someone who is receiving anticoagulation therapy. The other values would indicate increased risk of embolism, clot, or bleeding.

Which of the following nursing actions should be implemented in the care of a patient who is experiencing increased intracranial pressure (ICP)? • Monitor fluid and electrolyte status astutely. • Position the patient in a high Fowler's position. • Administer vasoconstrictors to maintain cerebral perfusion. • Maintain physical restraints to prevent episodes of agitation.

Monitor fluid and electrolyte status astutely.

A patient's family has been given instructions about post-stroke rehabilitation. Which of these statements indicates that the family requires further instruction? "My family member's level of functioning might vary within the next couple of months." "I should ensure my family member adheres treatment regimen as prescribed." "I can expect my family member to become frustrated at times." "I should do everything for my family member around the house."

"I should do everything for my family member around the house." Promote independence.

A client with Guillain-Barré syndrome has paralysis affecting the respiratory muscles and requires mechanical ventilation. When the client asks the nurse about the paralysis, how should the nurse respond?

"The paralysis caused by this disease is temporary." The nurse should inform the client that the paralysis that accompanies Guillain-Barré syndrome is only temporary. Return of motor function begins proximally and extends distally in the leg

When providing community health care teaching regarding the early warning signs of Alzheimer?s disease, which of the following signs would the nurse advise family members to report (select all that apply)? A. Misplacing car keys B. Losing sense of time C. Difficulty performing familiar tasks D. Problems with performing basic calculations E. Becoming lost in a usually familiar environment

B. Losing sense of time C. Difficulty performing familiar tasks D. Problems with performing basic calculations E. Becoming lost in a usually familiar environment

The nurse is discharging a patient admitted with a transient ischemic attack (TIA). For which of the following medications might the nurse expect to provide discharge instructions (select all that apply)? A. Clopidogrel (Plavix) B. Enoxaparin (Lovenox) C. Enteric-coated aspirin (Ecotrin) D. Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)

Clopidogrel (Plavix) Enteric-coated aspirin (Ecotrin)

Which of these measures should be included in the plan of care to prevent complications in a patient who is recovering from a stroke? Choose 1 answer: Choose 1 answer: Reposition every shift Assess vital signs every two hours Monitor cardiac rhythm Conduct a swallow evaluation

Conduct a swallow evaluation Assessing the patient's ability to swallow protects the patient's airway and prevents aspiration and pneumonia.

A nurse is assessing a patient's extraocular eye movements as part of evaluating neurological functioning. Which cranial nerve status is documented? Select all that apply. Optic (II) Oculomotor (III) Trochlear (IV) Trigeminal (V) Abducens (VI) Acoustic (VIII)

Oculomotor (III) Trochlear (IV) Abducens (VI) Rationale: Assessing extraocular eye movements helps evaluate the function of cranial nerves III, IV, and VI. Optic (II) evaluates pupillary function. Trigeminal (V) evaluates sensation and motor function of the three branches of the nerve that innervate corneal reflex and sensation of the upper and lower aspects of the face. Acoustic (VIII) evaluates hearing and balance.

A nurse is caring for a patient, diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease, who scored a 7 (High Risk) on the Hendrich II Fall Risk Model. Which nursing interventions should the nurse implement? Select all that apply. Implement a bed alarm Request a low-dose sedative Instruct the patient to ask for help before ambulating Maintain the bed in the lowest position Offer toileting every 2 to 3 hours Advise family to notify staff when leaving

Implement a bed alarm Maintain the bed in the lowest position Offer toiling q 2-3 hours Advise family to notify staff when leaving Rationale: Preventing a patient from falling and causing illness or injury is the role of the nurse. The Hendrich II Fall Risk Model is used in some acute care facilities to determine the potential for a fall. Sedating a patient using chemical restraints is a last resort. Instructing a patient to ask for help before ambulating is not effective in a patient with Alzheimer's disease who will have difficulty remembering the instructions. Nursing interventions such as a bed alarm, maintaining the bed in the low position, offering toileting, and having the family notify the staff when leaving are all appropriate interventions to help prevent falls.

Computed tomography of a 68-year-old male patient's head reveals that he has experienced a hemorrhagic stroke. Which of the following is a nursing priority intervention in the emergency department? • Maintenance of the patient's airway • Positioning to promote cerebral perfusion • Control of fluid and electrolyte imbalances • Administration of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)

Maintenance of the patient's airway

The nurse is developing a nursing care plan for a patient with severe Alzheimer's disease. The nurse identifies which nursing diagnosis as the priority? Risk for injury Social isolation Ineffective role performance Impaired verbal communication

Risk for injury Rationale: Patients with Alzheimer's disease have significant cognitive impairment and are therefore at risk for injury. The other options may be appropriate, but the highest priority is directed toward safety.

A nurse is comparing the neurological status of a patient who suffered a head injury with the status on the previous shift. Using the Glasgow Coma Scale, the nurse determines that the patient's score has changed from 11 to 15. Which of the following responses did the nurse assess in the patient? Select all that apply. Spontaneous eye opening Tachypnea, bradycardia, and hypotension Unequal pupil size Orientation to person, place, and time Pain localization Incomprehensible sounds

Spontaneous, eye opening Orientation to person, place, time Rationale: The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is a tool to assess a patient's response to stimuli. To achieve a perfect score of 15, the patient would have to open his eyes spontaneously (4 points), obey verbal commands (6 points), and be oriented to person, place, and time (5 points). Vital signs and pupil size are not assessed with the GCS. The ability to localize pain earns a motor response score of 5, not the top score of 6. Making incomprehensible sounds earns a verbal response score of 2, not a 5.

A 45-year-old client is admitted to the facility with excruciating paroxysmal facial pain. He reports that the episodes occur most often after feeling cold drafts and drinking cold beverages. Based on these findings, the nurse determines that the client is most likely suffering from which neurologic disorder?`

Trigeminal neuralgia Explanation: Trigeminal neuralgia, a painful disorder of one or more branches of cranial nerve V (trigeminal), produces paroxysmal attacks of excruciating facial pain. Attacks are precipitated by stimulation of a trigger zone on the face. Triggering events may include light touch to a hypersensitive area, a draft of air, exposure to heat or cold, eating, smiling, talking, or drinking hot or cold beverages. It occurs most commonly in people older than age 40. Bell's palsy is a disease of cranial nerve VII that produces unilateral or bilateral facial weakness or paralysis. Migraine headaches are throbbing vascular headaches that usually begin to occur in childhood or adolescence. Headache pain may emanate from the pain-sensitive structures of the skin, scalp, muscles, arteries, and veins; cranial nerves V, VII, IX, and X; or cervical nerves 1, 2, and 3. Occasionally, jaw pain may indicate angina pectori

A nurse is caring for a client with a history of severe migraines. The client has a medical history that includes asthma, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and three pregnancies. Which medication does the nurse anticipate the physician will order for the client's migraines? a) Amiodarone (Cordarone) b) Verapamil (Calan) c) Metoprolol (Lopressor) d) Captopril (Coreg)

Verapamil (Calan) Explanation: Calcium channel blockers, such as verapamil, and beta-adrenergic blockers, such as metoprolol, are commonly used to treat migraines because they help control cerebral blood vessel dilation. Calcium channels blockers, however, are ordered for clients who may not be able to tolerate beta-adrenergic blockers, such as those with asthma. Amiodarone and captopril aren't used to treat migraines.

A client is admitted to the emergency department with an acute coronary syndrome. the client reports a history of atrial fibrillation and a stroke 1 month ago. What is the appropriate action of the nurse? a. Hold the dose of administration of Alteplace (tPA) b. Administer the full dose of alteplase (tPA) c. Adminster the half of the prescribed dose of alteplase (tPA) d. Assess the client's PTT, PT, and INR levels

a. Hold the dose of administration of Alteplace (tPA)

When communicating with a client who has aphasia, which of the following are helpful? Select all that apply. - Make use of gestures. - Speak with normal volume. - Encourage pointing to the needed object. - Present one thought at a time. - Don't write messages

• Make use of gestures. • Speak with normal volume. • Encourage pointing to the needed object. • Present one thought at a time. The goal of communicating with a client with aphasia is to minimize frustration and exhaustion. The nurse should encourage the client to write messages or use alternative forms of communication to avoid frustration. Presenting one thought at a time decreases stimuli that may distract the client, as does speaking in a normal volume and tone. The nurse should ask the client to point to objects and encourage the use of gestures to assist in communicating

A history of which factors will complicate the recovery from a concussion? Select all that apply. -Asthma -Previous concussion - Migraines - Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) -Depression -obesity

• Previous concussion • Migraines • Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) • Depression Concussion recovery can be complicated by any previous brain injury, such as a previous concussion. Recovery can also be complicated by other neurologic problem, such as migraine, ADHD, and depression. Asthma and obesity have not been linked to concussion recovery.