Nixon

Moratorium March

-100,000 people in Boston -Millions in D.C and NY -October 15, 1969 -San francisco Response from Nixon: the "silent majority speech" on November 3, 1969. He feels that he will neutralize the anti-war movement where he basically says that there is a silent majority of people in this country that support his policies. His chief of staff said that they did some polling data and it suggested that 53% of the american people believed in what Nixon was saying

Widening the war

-Launch secret operations into Laos and Cambodia in the spring of 1970 from April-July to get the Vietnamese hiding in there -Operation 719 on February 8, 1971 to march 25 of 1971. The next 15 months the bombing of Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos waa described by Nixon as larger bombings then rolling thunder and the code names of these bombings were MENU, breakfast, lunch, snack, and dessert -In 1972, around easter, the north vietnamese army feels that the americans are weak enough because our ground troops are pretty much out of south vietnam and the only thing that is left defending south vietnam is Arvin, the south vietnamise army

Moratorium March 2

-Thousand of people march -March of Death, where you hear them chanting the beatles song "Give Peace a Chance"

Nixon said that his strategy was a combination of

Negotiation and Vietnamization: to train in on the South Vietnamese to take over responsibility for their own defense, that's enabling American troops to with draw

Cease fire

Negotiations in Fall of 1972, they had a breakthrough through 1973. The south said no, due to North holding onto the territory they control in the south. Nixon post 1972 election told the president Thieu to accept the provisions or aid would be cut off. The sotu is upset about this and the representatives of the south said no, that it would not happen, and they would not sign the ceasefire negotiation. He then launches the christmas bombings to move things along and finally there is a breakthrough and they agreed to ceasefire in Jan 23, 1973 and the american presence had left

Triangular Diplomacy

Nixon's policy to ease the tensions between the two major Communist powers, China and the USSR.. Kissinger arrived in China secretly to make preparations for a presidential visit, after Kissinger's return Nixon surprised everyone by announcing that he would travel to China and meet with Mao zedong. In February 1972 Nixon toward the great wall and soon after the United States dropped his opposition to Chinese entry in the united nations in groundwork was late for the eventual establishment of diplomatic relations.

Mad man theory

Nixon's strategy to make North Vietnam, China and the Soviet Union that he would do anything to win the Vietnam War i.e. nuclear weapons.

Strategic arms limitation treaty

The United States and the Soviet union pledge to limit the number of intercontinental ballistic missiles each side would build, and to prevent the development of anti-ballistic missile systems

Russia

The announcement of the Beijing summit produced immediate improvement in American relations with the USSR. An invitation for Nixon to meet with Soviet premier Leonid Brezhnev in Russia, it was assigned the Nixon's effort at triangulation was working; fear of improved relations with America, just as Nixon hoped. In meeting with the Soviet leader Nixon became the first president to visit Moscow and he eventually made an equally significant trip to Moscow to support a nuclear arms agreement which was known as a strategic arms limitation treaty.

Nixon and Sophia counterpart, Leonid Brezhnev also agreed to a trade deal involving American weed being shipped to the US SR. The two nations entered into a joint venture in space exploration known as APOLLO-SOYUZ

True

Nixon secretly ordered of the bombing of communist supply lines on the Ho Chi Minh Trail in Cambodia. Even so he launched a worldwide nuclear attack.

True

With Nixon's threat of the greatest consequences, the NSC staff made plans for some of those options, including the resumed bombing of the north Vietnam in the mining of Haiphong Harbor

True

Withdrawl from Vietnam

While mixing try to improve relations with the Soviet union in China to pressure North Vietnam to reach a settlement, he could only negotiate a flawed agreement that merely interrupted the war. The secret negotiations between Kissinger in the north Vietnamese, the president warned that if major progress were not made by November 1, 1969, we will be compelled with great reluctance to take measures of the greatest consequences.

Duck hook was described as

a savage punishing blow against north vietnam with massive bombing attacks on major cities, blockade of ports, and even a possible use of tactical nuclear weapons in a certain controlled situation according to Nixon and Kissinger.

After a coup in Cambodia replaced neutralist leader Prince Sihanouk with a pro-American military government of dubious survivability, Nixon ordered

a temporary invasion of Cambodia—the administration called it an incursion—by American troops (The domestic response included the largest round of antiwar protests in American history)

in May 1970 that National Guardsmen fired at rock-throwing protests at Kent State University in Ohio, killing four. Two weeks later,

police fired on students at Jackson State University in Mississippi, leaving two more dead after these protests

Nixon felt that the United States could not negotiate with Ho Chi Minh, who would die in 1969. He wanted to negotiate from a state of strength. His election strategy of 68 was

telling the american people that he had a "secret plan" to win the war

Nixon launched operation "duck Hook" (summer of 1969)

He sent a message that it was an all-out attempt to end the war either by negotiation or by force. He sent messages through french intermediaries to ho chi minh, basically an ultimatum

Yom Kippur war (after cease fire)

Israel is attacked by five of its neighbors and they will beat back those five neighbors. The impact for the united states is that their support in the israelis, the others launch an Oil embargo to the U.S and go to def con 3 where they open up the covers of their inner continental ballistic missiles, which really intimidate the russians. There is a Ceasefire in Israel and foreign policy wise this is a major victory for Richard Nixon and Henry Kissinger. On september 11 of 1973, Salvador Allende was overthrown by the Chilean military. Installs agusto pinochet wich was a ruthless anti-communist and burtall dictator that would be basically in charge oo chile for the next 15 years or so.