NJ EMD Exam

BLS

system including 1st responders or EMT's

EMD

-advanced form of dispatch -requires specific medical training -serves as part of the EMS system

respiratory distress

-anxiety/distress -cyanotic -tachypnea -noisy respiration -labored appearance -diaphoretic

Heart

4 chamber pump that pumps blood through the body

anaphylactic shock

"allergic shock" difficulty breathing, swelling of face/tongue, chest tightness, etc.

psychogenic shock

"fainting" occurs when blood vessels dialate

Tier 3 response

ALS

Tier 4 response

Aeromedical

Levels of Consciousness

Alert Verbal Painful Unresponsive

3 protocol types

All caller interrogation Medical/traumatic injury Time life critical event

Traumatic Incident Types

Animal bites, assault/domestic violence, bleeding/laceration, burns, eye problems/injury, fall victim, heat/cold exposure, industrial accident, stabbing/gunshot victim, traumatic injury, vehicular related injuries

Trauma

Any injury caused by accident or violence

Damages

Anything awarded to plaintiffs

Tier 2 response

BLS

time-life controlled complaints

CO poisoning/inhalation, cardiac arrest/DOA, choking, drowning (possible), electrocution, pregnancy/childbirth, unconscious/fainting

Veins

Carries unoxygenated blood back to the heart

Ligaments

Connect bone to bone

Tendons

Connect muscle to bone

peripheral nervous system

Contains motor and sensory nerves

Central nervous system

Contains the brain and spinal cord

DOT

Department of Transportation

4 factors of negligence

Duty Breech of duty Proximate cause Damage

EMD

Emergency Medical Dispatch

Detrimental reliance

Expecting a certain action to be taken based on the fact it was reposted in the media

Negligence

Failure to act or perform in a particular situation as any other reasonable person with similar training would under similar circumstances

Breech of duty

Failure to perform your duty by acting accordingly to standard of care

Response modes

Hot Cold Full

7

How many anatomical systems are there in the human body?

Shock

Inadequate tissue perfusion

Negligent retention

Keeping someone employed that in unable or incapable of doing the job

Abandonment

Leaving a patient in a known life-threatening condition; leaving someone in the care of someone else with less training than you

Hot response mode

Lights and sirens response

autonomic nervous system

Made up of and uses motor nerves

NHTSA

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

Gross negligence

Negligent action that that was undertaken with malicious intent and willful disregard for safety of said person or property

Simple negligence

Negligent conduct that wasn't purposeful or wasn't due to malicious intent

7 anatomical systems of the body

Nervous system Circulatory system Respiratory system Digestive system Musculoskeletal system Genito-urinary system Skin

NJDOH

New Jersey department of health

Cold response mode

No lights or sirens response

Liability

Obligation or debt of office

Emergency rule

One faced with emergency CA t be held to the same standard of conduct he/she would otherwise be held to when not faced with such situation

Consent

Permission to treat the sick/injured

Principle of reasonableness

Refers to what a reasonable person would do in the same situation

Full response mode

Response with multiple agents of the EMS system, with lights and sirens

Duty

Responsibility to act of perform according to established standard of care

Forseeability

Solely relying on information you receive from callers

Blood

Substance made of plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

Capillaries

Thin walled vessels; exchange oxygenated and unoxygenated blood; u turn

4 incident types

Traumatic Incident, medical chief complaint, time-life critical event, miscellaneous

False

True/false: 911 laws provide exemption in some cases of liability

False

True/false: BLS & EMD are the only part of the EMS system

True

True/false: It is your responsibility to gather and provide info without making a diagnosis

True

True/false: The good samaritan law does apply some exemption of liability

True

True/false: The good samaritan law does not protect EMDs while on duty

Agency methods and individual methods

What are the 2 methods of avoiding liability?

BLS

What do all calls require at a minimum?

Roles during Phase 2

-goes to proper protocol -protocols give appropriate response mode -EMD dispatches response personnel in proper mode configuration

EMS

-is a system (that includes EMD) -requires specific medical training -includes all aspects of medical service to the community -includes call-takers through rehab of the patient

Tier 1 response

First responders

BLS

basic life support

hemorrhagic shock

body loses large amounts of blood through internal or external bleeding

hypovolemic shock

loses large amounts of bodily fluids

digestive system

mouth > pharynx > epiglottis > esophagus > stomach > small intestine > large intestine > liver > gallblader > pancreas > spleen > rectum > anus

neurogenic shock

occurs with spinal cord damage

OETS

office of emergency telecommunications system

respiratory system

pharynx, epiglottis, larynx, trachea, brochi, lungs, alveoli, diaphragm, pleura

male reproductive system

prostate, testes, scrotum, penis

septic shock

severe infections

TLCE

time life critical event

2 unconscious/fainting instructions

unconscious airway control (trauma) unconscious airway control (non-trauma)

involuntary muscle

unconsciously controlled muscles (i.e. breathing)

muscles

voluntary muscles, involuntary muscles, cardiac muscles

voluntary muscle

consciously controlled muscles (i.e. walking)

Appropriate concerns

-failure to send resources when requested -subjective judgement of caller credibility -subjective judgement of chief complaint -argumentative or combative EMD behavior -allowing prejudices to influence decisions -giving medical instructions without EMSPRD -failure to train/be certified as an EMD -not giving instructions when they are needed and you have a protocol for it

Attributes and behaviors

-helpful and compassionate -handles stress -master skills of EMD -effectively gather info -assist responders in locating patients -determine nature of medical situation without diagnosing -react passively to hostile callers -maintain confidentiality

dealing with shock

-keep airway clear -control bleeding -calm/reassure patient -keep patient warm -no food/drink unless indicated -comfortable position

Roles during Phase 3

-prepares caller for responding personnel -EMD provides medical instructions as directed by the EMSPRD

responsibilities of EMD

-receive and process calls for EMS assistance -determine the nature and severity of medical incidents -gives emergency medical assistance via approved EMSPRD -relay pertinent info to responding personnel -attempt to ensure safety of patients, bystanders, and personnel -gives instructions to callers (using EMDPRS) and helping them prepare for responder arrival -coordinate with other public safety and EMS services

Symptoms of Shock

-sense of impending doom -weakness -nausea -dizziness -coolness to their skin -restlessness/anxiety -thready pulse -fluid loss -skin moist to touch -shallow/rapid breathing "guppy breathing" -lackluster/dialated eyes -decreasing consciousness -steady BP drop

Roles during Phase 1

-take incoming calls -engage caller in initial survey sequence -goes to proper EMSPRD protocol for further info

4 tiers of EMS

1. First responders 2. BLS 3. ALS 4. Aeromedical

medical cheif complaints

abdominal pain, allergies/stings, back pain, breathing problems, chest pain/heart problems, diabetic problems, headache, OD/poisoning/ingestions, psychiatric/behavioral problems, seizures/convulsions, sick person, stroke/CVA, unknown/person down

3 cardiac arrest/choking instructions

adult child infant

ALS

advanced life support

miscellaneous

air medical dispatch, aircraft/terrorism, hazmat, vehicle in water

AED

automatic external defibrillator

Major dispatch criteria

blood loss respiratory distress shock

2 most common EMD misconceptions

callers are too upset to provide useful and accurate info callers unable to provide EMD with information necessary to dispatch EMS

CPR

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Arteries

carries oxygenated blood away from the heart

nervous system

central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, and autonomic nervous system

EMDPRS

emergency medical dispatch protocol reference system

EMS-S

emergency medical service system

EMS

emergency medical services

female reproductive system

fallopian tubes, ovaries, uterus, vagina

musculoskeletal system

head, vertebral column, chest, upper extremities, pelvis, and lower extremities

cardiac muscle

heart muscles

cardiogenic shock

heart unable to develop enough pressure to circulate properly

circulatory system

heart, arteries, veins, capillaries, blood

Genito-urinary system

kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra, genetalia