Northern Europe Study Guide
capital of Denmark
Copenhagen
what language is spoken in Denmark?
Danish
what European country's immigration policies allow guest workers and students to easily the country?
Norway
what country has attracted many international workers to petroleum exploration and processing?
Norway
what country is Europe's leading oil producer and second leading producer of natural gas?
Norway - this has helped create many jobs
which countries are now governed by democratically elected parliaments?
Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Iceland
which countries share similar cultures, languages, and religions?
Norway, Sweden, Denmark, and Iceland
which countries are constitutional monarchies?
Norway, Sweden, and Denmark
what language is spoken in Norway?
Norwegian
who are the native people of northern Norway, Sweden, and Finland?
Sami
capital of Sweden
Stockholm
what is an example of the distinct population groups in Northern Europe?
Sweden because it is home to Finnish-speaking indigenous people and it is located on the border with Finland
what language is spoken in Sweden?
Swedish
a long, narrow, deep inlet of the sea between high cliffs; as in Norway and Iceland, typically formed by submergence of a glaciated valley
fjord
what are the population patterns of Northern Europe shaped by?
migration and distinct ethnic groups
what did the influx of industrialization bring?
new social classes and different socioeconomic levels
who are the Sami descendants of?
nomadic people who lived there thousands of years prior
how has the history of Northern Europe been shaped?
over thousands of years through migration, invasions, and trade
what changed as new people entered the country?
political culture it brought about new ideas democracy independence to the Northern European countries
what were the Vikings known for?
raiding parties in powerful warships that roamed the coasts of a Europe
all Nordic countries have -
tax-funded public welfare sectors and extensive social-democratic legislation
when was a Christian mission established in Denmark?
the 800s
what makes Northern Europe different from mainland Europe?
the countries in Northern Europe have similar structures of society and cultural traits
what was a character trait of early Norway?
their communities remained independent
what kind of permits does Denmark allow guests to obtain?
they allow guest workers to obtain work permits for a limited time and they permit international students the opportunity to study
what was typical of Vikings during the Viking Age?
they built ships of war and sent them on raiding expeditions into western and Eastern Europe
why did many people migrate to Europe in the 1970s?
they were seeking political asylum to escape conflicts in their home countries
starting in the 1970s, why did people from other regions come to Europe?
to work
where did most of the people coming to Europe in search of work migrate from?
war torn regions of Africa, especially Somalia
Nordic countries have programs that support -
health care, free education for elementary through college, and retirement income for senior citizens
where do the majority of Norwegians live?
in Oslo and along the coastlines of the warmer, southern part
where does 80% of Sweden's population live?
in or around Stockholm
what has been brought about with the influx of new people moving to Europe?
increased cultural diversity
during the time of the Kalmar Union, what connected the countries to mainland Europe?
increased trade
what was required for the larger population as more people were needed for jobs?
industrialization
what language is spoken in Finland?
Finnish/Swedish
capital of Finland
Helsinki
what countries remained under the control of Denmark?
Iceland, Greenland, and the Faroe Islands
what language is spoken in Iceland?
Icelandic
what is the second major religion in Denmark and why?
Islam because of heavy immigration since 1980
what is the major religion in Iceland?
Lutheran State Church
what were the Viking also known as?
Norsemen
what is Sweden's population?
10.2 million
when did Sweden become a separate kingdom?
1523
when did Denmark's control over Norway end?
1814
what century brought about many changes to Europe and the Nordic region?
19th century
by AD 800, how many small kingdoms existed in Norway?
30
what is Iceland's population?
357,000
what is Norway's population?
5.3 million
what is Finland's population?
5.5 million
what is Denmark's population?
5.8 million
what were the approximate years for the Viking Age?
AD 793 to 1050
what is the major religion in Denmark?
Christianity (similar to Evangelical Lutheran)
what is the major religion in Sweden?
Church of Sweden (similar to Evangelical Lutheran)
what are the countries in Northern Europe?
Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, and Denmark (FINDS)
what country dominated the Kalmar Union?
Denmark
what geographical areas are included in Denmark?
Denmark's continental area, the self-governing Faroe Islands, and Greenland
in the 1300s, what countries were united under be regent in the Kalmar Union?
Denmark, Norway (with Iceland), and Sweden (with Finland)
what are the former Viking kingdom territories known as today?
Denmark, Sweden, and Norway
what is the major religion in Finland?
Evangelical Lutheran Church
what is the major religion in Norway?
Evangelical Lutheran Church (76.1%)
in the 1100s, what country did Finland integrate with?
Finland began sharing common developments as it became economically integrated with Sweden
what language did the Vikings speak?
Old Norse, which became the basis for present-day Nordic languages
capital of Norway
Oslo
where do most of Norway's immigrants come from?
Poland, Germany, Sweden, and Lithuania
capital of Iceland
Reykjavik
what is essential to Norway's geographical structure?
coats, mountainous terrains, and fjords that formed strong natural boundaries
during the time of the Kalmar Union, the Nordic society became increasingly __________
continental
following WWII, what did Nordic countries develop?
democracies