NRS 3015: Cardiovascular Practice Questions
The first heart sound occurs when: a. The atrioventricular valves open b. The semilunar valves close c. The semilunar valves open d. The atrioventricular valves close
d
Troponin is: a. A protein that shows us the contractability of the heart b. An enzyme that is released by the muscles when they are injured c. A protein that shows our patient has an arrhythmia d. An enzyme that is released by the heart when it is injured
d
What is a black box warning for ACE inhibitors and ARBs? a. Decreased blood pressure b. Syncope c. Tachycardia d. Angioedema
d
A client with rule-out myocardial infarction is experiencing chest pain while ambulating. Which action should the nurse implement first? a. Have the client sit down immediately b. Obtain a STAT (ECG) c. Administer sublingual nitroglycerin d. Assess the client's vital signs
a
A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a client who has a bradydysrhythmia. Which of the following findings should the nurse monitor for? a. Confusion b. Friction rub c. Hypertension d. Dry skin
a
A cardiac nurse educator is reviewing the use of the fixed rate mode pacemaker with a group of newly hired nurses. Which of the following statements by a newly hired nurse indicates understanding of the review? a. "This means the pacemaker fires in an asynchronous pattern." b. "This means the pacemaker fires only when the heart rate is below a certain rate." c. "The pacemaker can automatically adjust to a client's increased activity level." d. "The pacemaker is triggered by heart muscle activity."
a
A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic stable angina pectoris and a prescription for sublingual nitroglycerin tablets. What sequence of instructions should the nurse tell the client to use if he experiences chest pain? • Place tablet under the tongue • Call 911 if the pain is not relieved • Wait 5 min • Stop activity
1. Stop activity 2. Place a tablet under the tongue 3. Wait 5 min 4. Call 911 if the pain is not relieved
True or False: It is more accurate to utilize the apical pulse for a patient in atrial fibrillation. a. True b. False
a
A nurse determines the client's chest pain is likely the result of MI if ______________. a. The pain is unrelieved by rest and nitroglycerin tablets b. The pain began while trying to open a stuck dresser drawer. c. Pain is described as substernal and radiating to the left arm. d. The client is not experiencing nausea or vomiting
a
A nurse in a clinic is caring for a client who has been on long-term NSAID therapy to treat pericarditis. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse report to the provider? a. Platelets 100,000/mm3 b. Serum glucose 110 mg/dL c. Serum creatinine 0.7 mg/dL d. Amino alanine transferase (ALT) 30 IU/L
a
A nurse is admitting a client who has a suspected myocardial infarction (MI) and a history of angina. Which of the following findings will help the nurse distinguish stable angina from an MI? a. Stable angina can be relieved w/ rest + nitroglycerin b. The pain of an MI resolves in less than 15 min c. The type of activity that causes an MI can be identified d. Stable angina can occur for longer than 30 min
a
All of the following are risk factors for varicose veins except: a. Male gender b. Family history c. Deep vein thrombosis d. Obesity
a
After a cardiac catheterization, how should the nurse care for the puncture site? a. Apply a band-aid to the puncture site b. Apply gauze c. Keep the site uncovered d. Maintain a pressure dressing on the site
d
A nurse is assessing a client who has heart failure and is taking daily furosemide. The client's apical pulse is weak and irregular. The nurse should identify these findings as manifestations of which of the following electrolyte imbalances? a. Hypokalemia b. Hypophosphatemia c. Hypercalcemia d. Hypermagnesemia
a
A nurse is assessing a client who has late-stage heart failure and is experiencing fluid volume overload. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? a. Weight gain of 1 kg (2.2 lb) in 1 day b. Pitting edema +1 c. Client report of a nocturnal cough d. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) level of 100 pg/mL
a
A nurse is assessing a client who has dilated cardiomyopathy. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? a. Dyspnea on exertion b. Tracheal deviation c. Pericardial rub d. Weight loss
a
Along with persistent, crushing chest pain, which symptoms would make the nurse suspect the client is experiencing an MI? a. Jugular vein distention and dependent edema b. Midepigastric pain and pyrosis c. Intermittent claudication and pallor d. Diaphoresis and cool, clammy skin
d
Cardiogenic shock is: a. A container problem b. A psychiatric problem c. A volume problem d. A pump problem
d
A nurse is completing the admission physical assessment of a client who has mitral valve insufficiency. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? a. S4 heart sound b. Petechiae c. Neck vein distention d. Splenomegaly
c
Risk factors for myocardial ischemia include all except: a. Atherosclerosis b. Cigarette smoking c. Aspirin use d. Hyperlipidemia
c
A nurse is examining the ECG of a client who is having an acute myocardial infarction. The nurse should identify that the elevated ST segments on the ECG indicate which of the following alterations? a. Necrosis b. Hypokalemia c. Hypomagnesemia d. Insufficiency
a
A nurse is assessing a client who has pulmonary edema related to heart failure. Which of the following findings indicates effective treatment of the client's condition? a. Absence of adventitious breath sounds b. Presence of a nonproductive cough c. Decrease in respiratory rate at rest d. SaO2 86% on room air
a
A nurse is assessing a client who has splinter hemorrhages of the nail beds + reports a fever. The nurse should identify these findings as manifestations of which of the following disorders? a. Infective endocarditis b. Pericarditis c. Myocarditis d. Rheumatic endocarditis
a
Stable angina: a. Does have to be taken seriously b. Occurs at night while lying flat c. Only occurs after meals d. Is exertional and can be relieved by rest
d
A nurse is monitoring a client for reperfusion following thrombolytic therapy to treat acute myocardial infarction (MI). Which of the following indicators should the nurse identify to confirm reperfusion? a. Ventricular dysrhythmias b. Appearance of Q waves c. Elevated ST segments d. Recurrence of chest pain
a
The QRS complex on an ECG represents: a. Atrial repolarization b. Atrial depolarization c. Ventricular repolarization d. Ventricular depolarization
d
The nurse is reviewing common emergency room management of asystole, which of the following should the nurse take during this cardiac emergency? a. Call time of death b. Perform defibrillation c. Prepare to administer epinephrine d. Elevate the client's lower extremities
c
A nurse is checking paradoxical blood pressure of a client who has possible cardiac tamponade. In what order should the nurse complete the following steps? a. Identify the first BP sounds audible on expiration and then on inspiration b. Inspect for jugular venous distention + notify the provider c. Deflate the cuff slowly + listen for the first audible sounds d. Subtract the inspiratory pressure from the expiratory pressure e. Palpate the blood pressure and inflate the cuff above the systolic blood pressure
e, c, a, d, b
What do the coronary arteries do? a. Supply deoxygenated blood to the heart b. Supply oxygenated blood to the heart c. Keep blood flowing in the correct d. Take oxygenated blood to the body
b
A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing chest pain. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer to suppress the aggregation of platelets? a. Nitroglycerin b. Aspirin c. Morphine d. Metoprolol
b
The nurse is monitoring a client after a cardioversion. Which of the following is the nurse's priority assessment? a. Oxygen flow rate b. Status of airway c. Blood pressure d. Level of consciousness
b
What causes varicose veins? a. Hormonal changes during pregnancy b. Pressure on the blood vessels in the legs c. Not drinking enough fluids d. Wearing support stockings
b
A nurse is caring for a client following insertion of a permanent pacemaker. Which of the following client statements indicates a potential complication of the insertion procedure? a. "I can't get ride of these hiccups." b. "I feel dizzy when I stand." c. "My incision site stings." d. "I have a headache."
a
A nurse is caring for a client who asks why the provider prescribed a daily aspirin. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? a. "Aspirin reduces the formation of blood clots could cause a heart attack." b. "Aspirin relieves the pain due to myocardial ischemia." c. "Aspirin dissolves clots that are forming in your coronary arteries." d. "Aspirin relieves headaches that are caused by other medications."
a
All of the following are risk factors for venous thromboembolism EXCEPT: a. BMI <20 b. Surgery c. Varicose veins d. Pregnancy
a
A primary risk factor for heart failure is: a. Pulmonary disease b. Hypertension c. Diabetes d. Alcohol abuse
b
What is a symptom of peripheral vascular disease? a. Dysphagia b. Dehydration c. Blindness d. Cold hands
d
What is the normal value for troponin I? a. < 0.4 ng/mL b. > 0.6 ng/mL c. 0.5-1 ng/mL d. 1-1.5 ng/mL
a
A nurse is caring for a client who had a myocardial infarction 2 hours ago and is receiving alteplase. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an adverse effect of receiving this medication? a. Bleeding b. Increased clot formation c. Shortness of breath d. Blockage of central venous catheter
a
Hypovolemic shock is: a. A container problem b. A psychiatric problem c. A volume problem d. A pump problem
c
A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who has a prescription for furosemide 40 mg PO daily. The nurse should instruct the client to take this medication which of the following times of day? a. Morning b. Immediately after lunch c. Immediately before dinner d. Bedtime
a
A type of shock caused by a myocardial infarction is called: a. Anaphylactic b. Cardiogenic c. Septic d. Hemorrhagic
b
What are the signs and symptoms of peripheral arterial occlusion? a. The "Six P's" b. Dizziness and headaches b. The "Five O's" c. Nausea and vomiting
a
What causes shock? a. Inadequate tissue perfusion from decreased blood pressure b. Hypertension from sodium c. Confusion from increased intracranial pressure d. Heart failure from overworking
a
What is the mechanism of aspirin? a. Inhibits platelet aggregation b. Slows down your body's process of making clots
a
A nurse is assessing a client who has an abdominal aortic aneurysm. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect? a. Midsternal chest pain b. Thrill c. Pitting edema in the lower extremities d. Lower back discomfort
d
A nurse is planning to administer diltiazem via IV bolus to a client who has atrial fibrillation. When assessing the client, the nurse should recognize that which of the following findings is a contraindication to the administration of diltiazem? a. Hypotension b. Tachycardia c. Decreased level of consciousness d. History of diuretic use
a
Chest pain spreading to the shoulders, arms, and neck caused by low blood supply to the heart is defined as: a. Pleuritic pain b. Myocardial infarction c. Costochondritis d. Angina
d
Dobutamine is a: a. Positive inotrope b. Vasopressor c. Muscle relaxant d. Vasodilator
a
Atherosclerosis is: a. A rupture of an artery b. The hardening of the arteries due to age c. The narrowing of arteries because of plaque buildup d. Surgical repair of an artery
c
A nurse is assessing a client who has right-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? a. Decreased capillary refill b. Dyspnea c. Orthopnea d. Dependent edema
d
Coronary artery disease is due to: a. Weak venous valves b. Scar tissue in myocardium from repeated infarctions c. Loss of oxygen to the myocardium d. Accumulation of fatty substances within blood vessels
d
A nurse is showing a client who has right-sided heart failure an illustration of the heart. Which of the following blood vessels carry deoxygenated blood to the atrium? a. Right coronary artery b. Left coronary artery c. Aorta d. Superior vena cava
d
Hypertensive crises require "conservative" blood pressure management in order to prevent which of the following? a. Severe headache b. Epistaxis c. Blurry vision d. Ischemia
d
A vein in which blood has pooled is called: a. Venous stasis b. Varicose veins c. Venous ulceration d. Torturous veins
b
Patients with varicose veins will complain of: a. Sharp, acute pain with walking b. Edema in the calves c. Muscle cramps primarily in the arm d. Heavy feeling in the affected leg
d
A nurse is caring for a client for a client who is 8 hr postoperative following a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Which of the following findings should the nurse report? a. Mediastinal drainage 100 mL/hr b. Blood pressure 160/80 mmHg c. Temperature 37.1º C (98.8º F) d. Potassium 4.0 mEq/L
b
A nurse is caring for a client who has a demand pacemaker inserted with a set rate of 72/min. Which of the following findings should nurse expect? a. Telemetry monitoring showing QRS complexes occurring at a rate of 74/min with no pacing spikes b. Premature ventricular complexes at 12/min c. Telemetry monitoring showing pacing spikes with no QRS complexes d. Hiccups
a
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for an afterload-reducing medication. The nurse should identify that this medication is administered for which of the following types of shock? a. Cardiogenic b. Obstructive c. Hypovolemic d. Distributive
a
A nurse is preparing a client for cardiac catheterization. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse give the client before the procedure? (Select all that apply.) a. "You'll have to lie flat for several hours after the procedure." b. "You'll receive medication to relax you before the procedure." c. "You'll feel a cool sensation after the injection of the dye." d. "You'll have to keep your leg straight after the procedure." e. "You'll have to limit the amount of fluid you drink for the first 24 hr."
a, b, d
A nurse is teaching a client who has coronary artery disease about the difference between angina pectoris and myocardial infarction (MI). Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as indications of MI? (Select all that apply.) a. Nausea and vomiting b. Diaphoresis and dizziness c. Chest and left arm pain that subsides with rest d. Anxiety and feelings of doom e. Bounding pulse + bradypnea
a, b, d
A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who has a new prescription for metoprolol. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.) a. "Do not stop taking this medication abruptly." b. "Take the medication right before bedtime." c. "Avoid exposure to sunlight." d. "Count your radial pulse daily." e. "Change positions slowly."
a, d, e
A nurse on a cardiac unit is caring for a group of clients. The nurse should recognize which of the following clients as being at risk for the development of a dysrhythmia? a. A client who has metabolic alkalosis b. A client who has a blood potassium level of 4.3 mEq/L c. A client who has an SaO2 of 96% d. A client who has COPD e. A client who underwent stent placement in a coronary artery
a, d, e
A nurse is teaching a client who has heart failure and new prescriptions for furosemide and digoxin. Which of the following information should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.) a. Weigh daily, first thing each morning b. Decrease intake of potassium c. Expect muscle weakness while taking digoxin d. Hold digoxin if heart rate is less than 70/min e. Decrease sodium intake
a, e
A nurse is caring for a client who has atrial fibrillation and is scheduled for cardioversion. The nurse should anticipate a prescription from the provider for which of the following medications for this procedure? a. Amlodipine b. Diltiazem c. Nifedipine d. Lidocaine
b
A client has been diagnosed coronary artery disease and is prescribed sublingual nitroglycerin. Which statement indicates the client needs more teaching? a. If the tablets, do not burn under my tongue, they are not effective b. If my chest pain is not gone with one tablet, I will wait at home c. I should keep the tablets int he dark-colored bottle they came in d. I should keep the bottle with me in my pocket at all times
b
A nurse administers morphine to a client with angina. Which of the following should the nurse closely monitor for changes? a. Temperature and blood pressure b. Respirations and blood pressure c. Mental status d. Urinary output
b
A nurse is admitting a client who has unstable angina. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering to the client? a. Epinephrine b. Nitroglycerin c. Lidocaine d. Atropine
b
A nurse is assessing a client who has left-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? a. Pitting peripheral edema b. Crackles in the lung bases c. Jugular vein distention d. Hepatomegaly
b
A nurse is assessing a client who is undergoing hemodynamic monitoring. The client has a CVP of 7 mmHg and a PAWP of 17 mmHg. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.) a. Poor skin turgor b. Bilateral crackles in the lungs c. Jugular vein distention d. Dry mucous membranes e. Hepatomegaly
b
A nurse is assessing a client with known coronary artery disease who was admitted to the hospital two days ago. The nurse notes 2+ edema of the bilateral lower extremities. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? a. Begins daily weights starting the following morning b. Reviews the intake and output records for the last two days c. Requests to change diuretic administration from morning to evening d. Requests a sodium restriction of 1 g/day from the provider
b
A nurse is completing an assessment on a client. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a risk factor for coronary artery disease? (Select all that apply.) a. Hypothyroidism b. Hypertension c. Diabetes mellitus d. Hyperlipidemia e. Tobacco smoking
b, c, d, e
A nurse in the emergency department is completing an assessment on a client who is in shock. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.) a. Heart rate 60/min b. Seizure activity c. Respiratory rate 42/min d. Increased urine output e. Weak, thready pulse
b, c, e
A nurse is assessing for disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in a client who has septic shock secondary to an untreated foot wound. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? a. Bradycardia b. Bleeding at the venipuncture site c. Petechiae on the chest and arms d. Flushed, dry skin e. Abdominal distention
b, c, e
A nurse is screening a client for hypertension. The nurse should identify that which of the following actions by the client increase the risk for hypertension? (Select all that apply.) a. Drinking 8 oz nonfat milk daily b. Eating popcorn at the movie theater c. Walking 1 mile daily at 12/min mile pace d. Consuming 36 oz beer daily e. Getting a massage once a week
b, d
A nurse is caring for a client who had an onset of chest pain 24 hr ago. The nurse should identify that an increase in which of the following values is diagnostic of a myocardial infarction (MI)? a. Myoglobin b. C-reactive protein c. Creatine kinase-MB d. Homocysteine
c
A client who just learned that he has variant angina asks the nurse how this type of angina compares with stable angina. Which of the following replies should the nurse make? a. "Exertion often brings on pain." b. "Variant angina occurs randomly at random times." c. "Variant angina can cause changes on your electrocardiogram." d. "Reducing your cholesterol can help you experience less pain."
c
A client with congestive heart failure is begin discharged with new prescriptions of furosemide and digoxin. The nurse should teach the client to report which of the following? a. High urine output during the day b. Decrease in pedal edema c. Fatigue, muscle weakness, arrhythmias d. Weight loss of 2 to 3 pounds in 3 days
c
A client with coronary disease requires further teaching if they make which of the following statement? a. "I will follow a low-fat, low-salt diet." b. "I will watch my weight gain." c. "I will avoid walking for exercise." d. "I will monitor my cholesterol intake."
c
A client with newly diagnosed Raynaud's disease need further teaching if he initially states? a. "Taking nifedipine as ordered will decrease vessel spasm." b. "Smoking cessation is very important." c. "Moving to a warmer client should help." d. "Sources of caffeine should be eliminated from the diet
c
A client's telemetry monitor begins to alarm at the nurse's station. The nurse should first: a. Call the health care provider b. Press the recorder button on the ECG console c. Check the client status and lead placement d. Call a code blue
c
A nurse is caring for a client who has a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) in place. Which of the following actions should the nurse take when handling this central venous access device? (Select all that apply.) a. Use a 5 mL syringe to flush the line b. Cleanse the insertion site with half-strength hydrogen peroxide c. Flush the line with sterile 0.9% sodium chloride before and after medication administration d. Access the PICC for blood sampling e. Perform a heparin flush of the line at least daily when not in use?
c, d, e
A nures at a provider's office is assessing who has a heart failure. The client has gained weight since her last visit, and her ankles are edematous. Which of the following findings is another clinical manifestation of fluid volume excess? a. Sunken eyeballs b. Hypotension c. Poor skin turgor d. Bounding npulse
d
A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a client who had an anterior myocardial infarction. The client's history reveals they are 1 week postoperative following an open cholecystectomy. The nurse should identify that which of the following interventions is contraindicated? a. Administering IV morphine sulfate b. Administering oxygen at 2/L min via nasal cannula c. Helping the client to the bedside commode d. Assisting with thrombolytic therapy
d
A nurse is admitting a client who has complete heart block as demonstrated by ECG. The client's heart rate is 34/min and BP is 83/48 mmHg. The client is lethargic and unable to complete sentences. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform first? a. Transport the client to the cardiovascular laboratory b. Prepare the client for insertion of a permanent pacemaker c. Obtain a signed informed consent form for a pacemaker d. Apply transcutaneous pacemaker pads
d
A nurse is admitting a client who has suspected occlusion of a graft of the abdominal aorta. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect? a. Increase in urine output b. Bounding pedal pulse c. Increase in abdominal girth d. Lower extremities have irregularly shaped cyanotic areas
d
A nurse is admitting a client who has suspected rheumatic endocarditis. The nurse should expect a prescription for which of the following laboratory tests to assist in confirmation of this diagnosis? a. Arterial blood gases b. Serum albumin c. Liver enzymes d. Throat culture
d
A nurse is assessing a client who has a history of deep-vein thrombosis and is receiving warfarin. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the medication is effective? a. Hemoglobin 14 g/dL b. Minimal bruising of extremities c. Decreased blood pressure d. INR 2.0
d
A nurse is assessing a client who has chronic peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? a. Edema around the ankles and feet b. Ulceration around the medial malleoli c. Scaling eczema of the lower legs with stasis dermatitis d. Pallor on elevation of the limbs, + rubor when the limbs are dependent
d
A nurse is assessing a client who is 85 years old. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of myocardial infarction? a. Sudden hemoptysis b. Acute diarrhea c. Frontal headache d. Acute confusion
d
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has heart failure and a prescription for digoxin 0.125 mg PO daily and furosemide 20 mg PO daily. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I know that blurred vision is expected to happen while I'm taking digoxin." b. "I will measure my urine output each day and document it in my diary." c. "I will skip a dose of my digoxin if my resting heart rate is below 72 beats per minute." d. "I will eat fruits and vegetables that have a high potassium content every day."
d
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for hydrochlorthiazide 50 mg PO daily to treat hypertension. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? a. "Take hydrochlorothiazide as needed for edema." b. "Check your weight once each week." c. "Take hydrochlorothiazide on an empty stomach." d. "Take hydrochlorothiazide in the morning."
d
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has hypertension and a new prescription for oral clonidine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Discontinue the medication if a rash develops. b. Expect increased salivation during the first few weeks of therapy. c. Minimize fiber intake to prevent diarrhea. d. Avoid driving until the client's reaction to the medication is known.
d
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory reports of a client who has been taking warfarin for atrial fibrillation. Which of the following results should the nurse report to the provider immediately? a. PT 18 seconds b. Platelet count 160,000/mm3 c. Hct 43% d. INR 5.5
d
A nurse is caring for a client who is having a possible myocardial infarction (MI). Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an associated manifestation of an MI? a. Headache b. Hemoptysis c. Nausea d. Diarrhea
c
A nurse is caring for a client who has an abdominal aortic aneurysm and is scheduled for surgery. The client's vital signs are blood pressure 160/98 mmHg, heart rate 102/min, respirations 22/min, and SpO2 95%. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Administer antihypertensive medication for blood pressure b. Monitor to ensure the client's urinary output is 20 mL/hr c. Withhold pain medication to prepare the client for surgery d. Take the client's vital signs every 2 hr
a
A nurse is caring for a client who has femoral thrombophlebitis and a prescription for enoxaparin. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Elevate the affected leg b. Place the client on bed rest c. Massage the affected leg d. Administer aspirin for discomfort
a
A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and is experiencing atrial fibrillation. Which of the following findings should the nurse plan to monitor for and report to the provider immediately? a. Slurred speech b. Irregular pulse c. Dependent edema d. Persistent fatigue
a
Pulsus paradoxus is a manifestation of: a. Left-sided heart failure b. Cardiac tamponade c. Mitral valve stenosis d. Infective endocarditis
b
A nurse is preparing to administer amlodipine to a client who has hypertension. The nurse should plan to monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of the medication? a. Dizziness b. Pale appearance c. Palpitations d. Abdominal pain e. Peripheral edema
a, c, e
A nurse is reviewing the health record of a client who is being evaluated for possible valvular heart disease. The nurse should recognize which of the following data as risk factors for this condition? (Select all that apply.) a. Surgical repair of an atrial septal defect at age 2 b. Measles infection during childhood c. Hypertension for 5 years d. Weight gain of 10 lb in past year e. Diastolic murmur present
a, c, e
A nurse is assessing a client who has left-sided heart failure. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect to find? a. Increased abdominal girth b. Weak peripheral pulses c. Jugular venous neck distention d. Dependent edema
b
A nurse is assessing a client who has peripheral vascular disease and a venous ulcer on the right ankle. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect in the client's affected extremity? a. Absent pedal pulses b. Ankle swelling c. Hair loss d. Skin atrophy
b
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following vein ligation and stripping for varicose veins. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Position the client supine with his legs elevated when in bed b. Encourage the client to ambulate for 15 min every hour while awake for the first 24 hr c. Tell the client to sit with his legs dependent after ambulating d. Instruct the client to wear knee-length socks for 2 weeks after surgery.
a
A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for cardiac catheterization with radiopaque dye. Which of the following is the most critical to review before the procedure? a. Prior reaction to contrast media b. Intake and output c. Peripheral pulse rates d. Height and weight
a
A nurse is caring for a client who is undergoing conservative treatment for deep-vein thrombosis. The client asks the nurse what will happen to the clot. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? a. "Your body has a process called fibrinolysis that will eventually dissolve the clot." b. "Your body has a mechanism that will keep the clot stable in its present location." c. "The clot will break into tiny fragments and float harmlessly in your bloodstream d. "Treatment with heparin will dissolve the clot and keep the other clots from forming."
a
A nurse is caring for a client who is undergoing treatment for hypertension. Which of the following statements indicates that the client is adhering to the treatment plan? a. "I would never have believed I could get used to enjoying my food without salt." b. "My blood pressure device at home usually shows about 156 over 98 or so." c. "I make sure that I take my blood pressure medicine when I have headaches." d. "My blood pressure pills are very expensive. Could I take a cheaper medication?"
a
A nurse is caring for a client with congestive heart failure who develops extreme shortness of breath, tachycardia, and lung crackles. The nurse plans to: a. Administer furosemide (Lasix) b. Place the client in a low-Fowler's side-lying position c. Administer antibiotics d. Prepare the family for imminent death
a
A nurse is caring for a client with ehart failure whose telemetry reading displays a flattening of the T wave. Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse anticipate as the cause of this ECG change? a. Potassium 2.8 mEq/L b. Digoxin level 0.7 ng/mL c. Hemoglobin 9.8 g/dL d. Calcium 8.0 mg
a
A nurse is caring for a client with heart failure whose telemetry reading displays a flattening of the T wave. Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse anticipate as the cause of this ECG change? a. Potassium 2.8 mEq/L b. Digoxin level 0.7 ng/mL c. Hemoglobin 9.8 g/dL d. Calcium 8.0 mg
a
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who had an acute myocardial infarction (MI). When assessing this client, the nurse should identify that older adults are prone to complications of MI from poor tissue perfusion because of which of the following age-related factors? a. Peripheral vascular resistance increases b. The sensitivity of blood pressure-adjusting baroreceptors increases c. Blood is hypercoagulable and clots more quickly d. Cardiac medications are less effective
a
A nurse is completing discharge teaching with a client who has a permanent pacemaker. Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding of the teaching? a. "I will notify the airport screeners about my pacemaker." b. "I will expect to have occasional hiccups." c. "I will have to disconnect my garage door opener." d. "I will take my pulse every 2 to 3 days."
a
A nurse is examining the ECG of a client who has hyperkalemia. Which of the following ECG changes should the nurse expect? a. Elevated ST segments b. Absent P waves c. Depressed ST segments d. Varying PP intervals
a
A nurse is monitoring a client for reperfusion following thrombolytic therapy to treat acute myocardial infarction (MI)> Which of the following indicators should the nurse identify to confirm reperfusion? a. Ventricular dysrhythmias b. Appearance of Q wavs c. Elevated ST segments d. Recurrence of chest pain
a
A nurse is planning care for a client with thrombophlebitis who has a prescription to receive heparin via continuous IV infusion. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care? a. Infuse the heparin using an IV electronic pump b. Administer vitamin K if the client has indications of hemorrhage c. Adjust the dosage of heparin based on the client's PT levels d. Inform the client that the heparin will dissolve the thrombus
a
A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who has heart failure and is on a fluid restriction of 2,000 mL/day. The client asks the nurse how to determine the appropriate amount of fluids they are allowed. Which of the following statements is an appropriate response by the nurse? a. "Pour the amount of fluid you drink into an empty 2-liter bottle to keep track of how much you drink." b. "Each glass contains 8 ounces. There are 30 millileters per ounce, so you can have a total of 8 glasses or cups of fluid each day." c. "This is the same as 2 quarts, or about the same amount of two pots of coffee." d. "Take sips of water or ice chips so you will not take in too much fluid."
a
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new permanent pacemaker. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of teaching? a. "I should check my heart rate at the same time each day." b. "I don't have to take my antihypertensive medications now that I have a pacemaker." c. "I should keep a pressure dressing over the generator until the incision is healed." d. "I cannot stand in front of our new microwave oven when it is on."
a
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has angina pectoris and a new prescription for verapamil. The client tells the nurse, "My brother takes verapamil for high blood pressure. Do you think the provider made a mistake?" Which of the following responses should the nurse make? a. "Verapamil is used to treat both high blood pressure and angina." b. "You should talk to you provider to make sure the prescription is correct for you." c. "Are you concerned that you might have high blood pressure?" d. "Your provider has prescribed verapamil so that you will not develop high blood pressure."
a
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has heart failure. The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following findings immediately to the provider? a. Weight gain of 0.9 kg (2 lb) in 24 hr b. Increase of 10 mm Hg in systolic blood pressure c. Dyspnea with exertion d. Dizziness when rising quickly
a
A nurse is providing information toa. client who is scheduled for an exercise electrocardiography test. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I will not drink coffee 4 hr prior to my test." b. "I can eat a light meal 1 hr prior to the test." c. "I can have a cigarette up to 30 min prior to the test." d. "I will take my heart medication on the day of the test."
a
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a prescription for a low-sodium diet to manage hypertension. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I can snack on fresh fruit." b. "I can continue to eat lunchmeat sandwiches." c. "I can have cottage cheese with my meals." d. "Canned soup is a good lunch option."
a
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is 2 days postoperative following a heart transplant. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? a. "You might no longer be able to feel chest pain." b. "Your level of activity intolerance will not change." c. "After 6 months, you will no longer need to restrict your sodium intake." d. "You will be able to stop taking immunosuppressants after 12 months."
a
A nurse is providing teaching to a client with hypertension and type 1 diabetes mellitus who has a new prescription for metoprolol. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I might have difficulty recognizing when my blood sugar is low." b. "I will have a lower risk for developing an infection while I take this medication." c. "I should be concerned about losing excess weight while I take this medication. d. "I could have more problems with high blood sugar while taking this medication."
a
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? a. BNP of 200 pg/mL b. Bradycardia c. Fluid restriction of 3 L per day d. 4 g sodium diet
a
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client. The medicaiton administration record shows the client is taking clopidogrel. Which of the following events should the nurse expect in the client's history? a. Recent myocardial infarction b. History of hemorrhagic stroke c. Current outbreak of psoriasis d. History of hypertension
a
A nurse is rewarming a client following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. For which of the following complications of the rewarming process should the nurse monitor the client? a. Acidosis b. Infection c. Hypertension d. Cardiac tamponade
a
A nurse is teaching a client with heart disease about a low-cholesterol diet. Which of the following client statements indicates the teaching was effective? a. "I should remove the skin from poultry before eating it." b. "I will eat seafood once per week." c. "I should use margarine when preparing meals." d. "I can use whole milk in my oatmeal."
a
A nurse is teaching about a low-cholesterol diet to a client who had a myocardial infarction. Which of the following meal selections by teh client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. Chicken breast and corn on the cob b. Shrimp and rice c. Cheese omelet and turkey bacon d. Liver and onions
a
A nurse reviewing the menu selections of a client who has heart failure and anticipates discharge to home the following day. Which of the following lunch choices should the nurse identify as an indication that the client understands his dietary instructions? a. Turkey on whole-wheat bed b. Hamburger and french fries c. Frankfurter on a white roll d. Macaroni and cheese
a
An assessment of chronic venous insufficiency demonstrates what finding in lower extremities? a. Pigmented, cracked appearance d. Smoothy and shiny appearance d. Shiny and flat appearance d. Soft and spongy appearance
a
The nurse is monitoring a client with an abdominal aortic aneurysm. Which finding is unrelated? a. Hyperactive bowel sounds in the area b. The subjective sensation of "heart beating" in the abdomen c. Pulsatile abdominal mass d. Systolic bruit over the mass
a
Unstable angina: a. Occurs with exercise or at rest and increases in severity over time b. Occurs with exercise or emotional stress and is relieved by dress or nitroglycerin sublingually c. Is caused by a coronary artery vasospasm d. Is predictable and can be prevented
a
While participating in a community health fair, a nurse is providing information to a client who has a blood pressure of 150/90 mmHg during screening. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Give the client a written record of his BP to bring to his provider b. Encourage the client to go to the nearest emergency department c. Instruct the client to follow-up with a provider within 6 months d. Explain to the client that he is not at risk unless he manifestations of hypertension.
a
Why does it help to place a client with angina on supplemental oxygen? a. Deficient oxygenation to the heart cells results in angina b. Oxygen prevents the development of any thrombus formation c. Oxygen assists in calming the client d. Oxygen dilates the blood vessels, supplying more nutrients
a
A nurse is planning care for a client who has a PICC line in the right arm. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.) a. Use a 10 mL syringe to flush the PICC line b. Apply gentle force if resistance is met during injection c. Cleanse ports with alcohol for 15 seconds prior to use d. Maintain a transparent dressing over the insertion site e. Flush with 10 mL heparin before and after medication addministration
a, c, d
A nurse educator is reviewing the use of cardiopulmonary bypass during surgery for coronary artery bypass grafting with a group of nurses. Which of the following statements should the nurse include int he discussion? (Select all that apply.) a. "The client's demand for oxygen is lowered." b. "Motion of the heart ceases." c. "Rewarming of the client takes place." d. "The client's metabolic rate is increased." e. "Blood flow to the heart is stopped."
a, b
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for clopidogrel. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.) a. "Avoid taking herbal supplements while taking this medication." b. "Monitor for the presence of black, tarry stools." c. "Take this medication when you have pain." d. "Schedule a weekly PT test." e. "Limit food sources containing vitamin K while taking this medication."
a, b
Initial septic shock management includes: (Select all that apply.) a. Fluid resuscitation b. Obtaining serum lactate c. Obtaining blood cultures after administration of an empiric antibiotic d. Preparation to transfuse 2 units of packed red blood cells
a, b
What is included in health promotion and disease prevention of endocarditis? (Select all that apply.) a. Drug cessation b. Good oral hygiene c. Prophylactic antibiotic therapy for dental procedures d. Chronic steroid use
a, b, c
Which of the following are signs and symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency? (Select all that apply.) a. Bilateral lower extremity edema b. Brownish skin discoloration and pruritus d. Ulcers with uneven edges and bleeding d. Diminished dorsalis pedis pulses
a, b, c
A nurse is assessing a client who has fluid volume overload from a cardiovascular disorder. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.) a. Jugular vein distention b. Moist crackles c. Postural hypotension d. Increased heart rate e. Feer
a, b, d
A nurse is planning postoperative care for a client following a surgical placement of an endovascular stent graft to repair an aneurysm. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.) a. Assess pedal pulses b. Monitor for an increase in pain below the graft site c. Maintain the client in high-Fowler's position d. Monitor the femoral site for bleeding e. Report hourly urine output of 60 mL
a, b, d
Which client teaching should the nurse implement for the client diagnosed with coronary artery disease? (Select all that apply) a. Encourage a low-fat, low-cholesterol diet. b. Instruct client to walk 30 minutes a day. c. Decrease the salt intake to 2 g a day. d. Refer to counselor for stress reduction techniques. e. Teach the client to increase fiber in the diet
a, b, d, e
A nurse educator is reviewing expected findings in a client who has right-sided valvular heart disease with a group of nurses. Which of the following findings should the nurse include in the discussiom? (Select all that apply.) a. Dyspnea b. Client report of fatigue c. Bradycardia d. Pleural friction rub e. Peripheral edema
a, b, e
A nurse is caring for a client who experienced defibrillation. Which of the following should be included in the documentation of this procedure? (Select all that apply.) a. Follow-up ECG b. Energy settings used c. IV fluid intake d. Urinary output e. Skin condition under electrodes
a, b, e
A nurse is completing the admission assessment of a client who has suspected pulmonary edema. Which of the following manifestations are expected findings? (Select all that apply.) a. Tachypnea b. Persistent cough c. Increased urinary output d. Thick, yellow sputum e. Orthopnea
a, b, e
A nurse is planning a presentation for a group of clients who have hypertension. Which of the following lifestyle modifications should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.) a. Limited alcohol intake b. Regular exercise program c. Decreased magnesium intake d. Reduced potassium intake e. Tobacco cessation
a, b, e
A nurse is reviewing manifestations of a thoracic aortic aneurysm with a newly hired nurse. Which of the following findings should the nurse include in the discussion? (Select all that apply.) a. Cough b. Shortness of breath c. Upper chest pain d. Diaphoresis e. Altered swallowing
a, b, e
A nurse at a provider's office is reviewing the laboratory test results for a group of clients. The nurse should identify that which of the following results indicates the client is at risk for heart disease? (Select all that apply.) a. Cholesterol (total) 245 mg/dL b. HDL 90 mg/dL c. LDL 140 mg/dL d. Triglycerides 125 mg/dL e. Troponin I 0.02 ng/mL
a, c
A nurse is caring for a client following the insertion of a temporary venous pacemaker via the femoral artery that is set to a VVI pacemaker rate of 70/min. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? a. Cool and clammy foot with capillary refill of 5 seconds b. Observed pacing spike followed by a QRS complex c. Persistent hiccups d. Heart rate 84/min e. Blood pressure 104/62 mmHg
a, c
A nurse is completing discharge teaching with a client following placement of an ICD. Which of the following information should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.) a. Avoid large magnetic fields b. Caution family members that they can receive harmful unexpected shocks from the ICD c. Take body temperature at the same time each day d. Wear tight clothing to hold the device in place e. Perform arm stretching exercises to strengthen muscles surrounding the ICD
a, c
A nurse is assessing a client who has a deep-vein thrombosis in her left calf. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect to find? (Select all that apply.) a. Hardening along the blood vessel b. Absence of a peripheral pulse c. Tenderness in the calf d. Cool skin on the leg e. Increased leg circumference
a, c, e
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic venous insufficiency and a prescription for thigh-high compression stockings. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Elevate the client's legs for 10 min, two to three times daily while wearing stockings b. Apply the stockings in the morning upon awakening and before getting out of bed c. Roll the stockings down to the knees to relieve discomfort on the legs d. Remove the stockings while out of bed for 1 hr, four times a day, to allow the legs to rest
b
A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and reports increased shortness of breath. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? a. Obtain the client's weight b. Assist the client into high-Fowler's position c. Auscultate lung sounds d. Check oxygen saturation with pulse oximeter
b
A nurse is caring for a client who has right-sided congestive heart failure. Which of the following symptoms does the nurse expect? a. Hacking cough b. Dependent edema c. Dyspnea d. Crackles on auscultation
b
A nurse is caring for a client who has severely elevated blood pressure. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of hypertension? a. Vertigo b. Epistaxis c. Exophthalmos d. Spondylolisthesis
b
A nurse is caring for a client who has unstable angina. The nurse should anticipate a prescription from the provider for which of the following medications? a. Epinephrine b. Nitroglycerin c. Lidocaine d. Atropine
b
A nurse is caring for a client who is 4 hr postoperative following a coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. The client is able to inspire 200 mL with the incentive spirometer, then declines to try to cough because of fatigue and pain. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Allow the client to rest, and return in 1 hr b. Administer IV bolus analgesic, and return in 15 min c. Document the 200 mL as an appropriate inspired volume d. Tell the client coughing after incentive spirometry is required
b
A nurse is caring for a client who is being treated for heart failure and has a prescription for furosemide. The nurse should plan to monitor for which of the following adverse effects of the medication? a. Shortness of breath b. Lightheadedness c. Dry cough d. Metallic taste
b
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving continuous cardiac monitoring. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering to treat atrial fibrillation? a. Atropine b. Diltiazem c. Epinephrine d. Phenytoin
b
A nurse is caring for a client who was admitted for treatment of left-sided heart failure and is receiving intravenous loop diuretics and digitalis therapy. The client is experiencing weakness and an irregular heart rate. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? a. Obtain the client's current weight b. Review the serum electrolyte values c. Determine the time of the last digoxin dose d. Check the client's urine output
b
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who is to undergo a percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty. The client's family member asks the nurse to explain the expected outcome of this procedure. Which of the following responses should the nurse give? a. "This will improve blood flow of the coronary arteries." b. "This will assist with the ability to perform activities of daily living." c. "This will prolong the life span of living with this valve disorder." d. "This will reverse the effects to the damaged area."
b
A nurse is caring for four clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse identify as being at risk of developing rheumatic endocarditis? a. Older adult who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease b. Child who has streptococcal pharyngitis c. Middle-aged adult who has lupus erythematosus d. Young adult who recently received a body tattoo
b
A nurse is completing dietary teaching with a client who has heart failure and is prescribed a 2 g sodium diet. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I should use salt sparingly while cooking." b. "I can have yogurt as a dessert." c. "I should use baking soda when I bake." d. "I should use canned vegetables instead of frozen."
b
A nurse is completing discharge teaching with a client who had a surgical replacement of a mechanical heart valve. Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding of the teaching? a. "I will be glad to get back to my exercise routine right away." b. "I will have my prothrombin time checked on a regular basis." c. "I will talk to my dentist about no longer needing antibiotics before dental exams." d. "I will continue to limit my intake of foods containing potassium."
b
A nurse is examining the ECG of a client who has frequent premature ventricular contractions (PVCs). Which of the following QRS changes should the nurse expect to see on the client's ECG? a. Narrower than usual QRS complexes b. Much greater amplitude than the usual QRS complexes c. Same polarity as the usual QRS complexes d. Immediate resumption of the usual rhythm
b
A nurse is monitoring a client who has heart failure related to mitral stenosis. The client reports shortness of breath on exertion. Which of the following conditions should the nurse expect? a. Increased cardiac output b. Increased pulmonary congestion c. Decreased left atrial pressure d. Decreased pulmonary artery pressure
b
A nurse is monitoring a client's ECG monitor and notes the client's rhythm has changed from normal sinus rhythm to supraventricular tachycardia. The nurse should prepare to assist with which of the following interventions? a. Initiate chest compressions b. Vagal stimulation c. Administration of atropine IV d. Defibrillation
b
A nurse is monitoring the electrocardiogram of a client who has hypocalcemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? a. Flattened T waves b. Prolonged QT intervals c. Shortened QT intervals d. Widened QRS complexes
b
A nurse is planning care for a client who has septic shock. Which of the following actions is the priority for the nurse to take? a. Maintain adequate fluid volume with IV infusions b. Administer antibiotic therapy c. Monitor hemodynamic status d. Administer vasopressor medication
b
A nurse is preparing an in-service presentation about the management of myocardial infarction (MI). Death following MI is often a result of which of the following complications? a. Cardiogenic shock b. Dysrhythmias c. Heart failure d. Pulmonary edema
b
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a prescription for transdermal nitroglycerin patches. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Apply the new patch to the same site as the previous patch b. Place the patch on an area of skin away from skin folds and joints c. Keep the patch on 24 hr per day d. Replace the patch at the onset of angina
b
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has venous thrombosis and a prescription for warfarin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Take ibuprofen as needed for headaches or other minor pains b. Carry a medical alert ID card c. Report to the laboratory weekly to have blood drawn for aPTT d. Increase intake of dark green vegetables
b
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to an adult female client who has infective endocarditis about how to prevent recurrence. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I will ask my provider to change my contraception to an intrauterine device." b. "I will notify my doctor before I have dental procedures." c. "I will avoid using antiseptic mouthwash for oral care." d. "I will wear a mask when I go out in public."
b
A nurse is providing health teaching to a group of clients. Which of the following clients is at risk for developing peripheral arterial disease? a. A client who has hypothyroidism b. A client who has diabetes mellitus c. A client whose daily caloric intake consists of 25% fat d. A client who consumes two 12-oz (0.35 L) bottles of beer a day
b
A nurse is providing teaching about lifestyle changes to a client who experienced a myocardial infarction and has a new prescription for a beta blocker. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I should eat foods that are high in saturated fat." b. "Before taking my medication, I will count my radial pulse rate." c. "I will exercise once a week for an hour at the health club." d. "I will stop taking my medication when my blood pressure is within a normal range."
b
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new diagnosis of hypertension and a new prescription for spironolactone 25 mg/day. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I should eat a lot of fruits and vegetables, especially bananas + potatoes." b. "I will report any changes in heart rate to my provider." c. "I should replace the salt shaker on my table with a salt substitute." d. "I will decrease the dose of this medication when I no longer have headaches + facial redness
b
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who is receiving a continuous IV heparin infusion and has an aPTT of 90 sec. Which of the following actions should the nurse prepare to take? a. Administer vitamin K b. Reduce the infusion rate c. Give the client a low-dose aspirin d. Request an INR
b
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for an ACE inhibitor to treat hypertension. The nurse should instruct the client to notify their provider if they experience which of the following adverse effects of this medication? a. Tendon pain b. Persistent cough c. Frequent urination d. Constipation
b
A nurse on a cardiac unit is caring for a client who is on telemetry. The nurse recognizes the client's heart rate is 46/min and notifies the provider. Which of the following prescriptions might be appropriate for this client? a. Defibrillation b. Pacemaker insertion c. Synchronized cardioversion d. Administration of IV lidocaine
b
A nurse on a telemetry unit is caring for a client who has an irregular radial pulse. Which of the following ECG abnormalities should the nurse recognize as atrial flutter? a. P waves occurring at 0.16 seconds before each QRS complex b. Atrial of 300/min with QRS complex of 80/min c. Ventricular rate of 82/min with an atrial rate of 80/min d. Irregular ventricular rate of 125/min with a wide QRS pattern
b
A patient who had a myocardial infarction has been discharged with a prescription to take baby aspirin daily. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I will take this medication every other day." b. "I will take this medication every day." c. "I will take this medication only when I have pain." d. "I will take this medication until I feel better."
b
What finding should the nurse report to the provider before a cardiac catheterization? a. The patient did not sleep well last night b. The patient has a shellfish allergy c. The patient has history of a heart defect d. The patient has hyperetnsion
b
Which electrolyte balance is most likely responsible for ventricular dysrhythmias? a. Hypocalcemia b. Hypokalemia c. Hypernatremia d. Hypochloremia
b
Which intervention should the nurse implement when defibrillating a client who is ventricular fibrillation? a. Does not remove oxygen source during debrillation b. Shout "all clear" prior to defibrillating the client c. Defibrillate the client at 50, 100, and 200 joules d. Place petroleum jelly on the defibrillator pads
b
Which of the following assessment findings is an indicator of a possible myocardial infarction? a. Pain relieved with rest b. ST-elevation on EKG c. Chest pain radiating to the jaw, back, and shoulder d. Negative troponin levels
b
A client with a myocardial infarction is experiencing chest pain. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement? (Select all that apply.) a. Administer nitroglycerin subcutaneously b. Apply oxygen via nasal cannula c. Administer aspirin orally d. Place the client in a supine position
b, c
A nurse is caring for a client following peripheral bypass graft surgery of the left lower extremity. Which of the following findings pose an immediate concern? (Select all that apply.) a. Trace of bloody drainage on dressing b. Capillary refill of the affected limb of 6 seconds c. Mottled appearance of the limb d. Throbbing pain of affected limb that is decreased following IV bolus analgesic e. Pulse of 2+ in the affected limb
b, c
Which of the following are nursing actions for a hypertensive crisis? (Select all that apply.) a. Administer vasopressors in a timely manner b. Frequent blood pressure monitoring c. Assess pupils and level of consciousness d. Monitor ECG
b, c, d
A home health nurse is performing an assessment on a client who is 1 week postoperative following a total knee replacement. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I will discontinue the blood thinner my doctor prescribed once I am at home." b. "I will keep a pillow under my knee when I am in bed." c "I plan use a walker to help me get around." d. "I will discontinue using the CPM machine when I get home."
c
A newly licensed nurse is observing a cardioversion procedure and hears the team leader call out, "Stand clear." This statement indicates which of the following events is occurring? a. The cardioverter is being charged to the appropriate setting b. The team should initiate CPR due to pulseless electrical activity c. Team members cannot be in contact with equipment connected to the client d. A time-out is being called to verify correct protocols
c
A nurse in a clinic is assessing the lower extremities of a client who has a history of peripheral arterial disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? a. Pitting edema b. Areas of reddish-brown pigmentation c. Dry, pale skin with minimal body hair d. Sunburned appearance with desquamation
c
A nurse in a clinic is performing medication reconciliation for a client who brought their medications. The nurse knows that which of the following is prescribed to treat heart failure? a. Warfarin (Coumadin) b. Potassium chloride (K-dur) c. Digoxin (Lanoxin) d. Amiodarone (Cordarone)
c
A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a client who has a blood pressure of 254/139 mmHg. The nurse recognizes that the client is in a hypertensive crisis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? a. Initiate seizure precautions b. Tell the client to report vision changes c. Elevate the head of the client's bed d. Start a peripheral IV
c
A nurse in an urgent care clinic is obtaining a history from a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and a recent diagnosis of hypertension. This is the second time in 2 weeks that the client experienced hypoglycemia. Which of the following client data should the nurse report to the provider? a. Take psyllium daily as a fiber laxative b. Drinks skim milk daily as a bedtime snack c. Takes metoprolol daily after meals d. Drinks grapefruit juice daily with breakfast
c
A nurse in the emergency department is admitting a client who has a possible dissecting abdominal aortic aneurysm. Which of the following actions is the priority for the nurse to take? a. Administer pain medication as prescribed b. Provide a warm environment c. Administer IV fluids as prescribed d. Initiate a 12-lead ECG
c
A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client who has abdominal trauma. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse identify as an indication of hypovolemic shock? a. Warm, dry skin b. Increased urinary output c. Tachycardia d. Bradypnea
c
A nurse is admitting a client who has a leg ulcer and a history of diabetes mellitus. Which of the following focused assessments should the nurse use to help differentiate between an arterial ulcer and a venous stasis ulcer? a. Explore the client's family history of peripheral vascular disease b. Note the presence or absence of pain at the ulcer site c. Inquire about the presence or absence of claudication d. Ask if the client has had a recent infection
c
A nurse is assessing a client who had coronary artery bypass grafts for cardiac tamponade. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Check for hypertension b. Auscultate for loud, bounding heart sounds c. Auscultate blood pressure for pulsus paradoxus d. Check for pulse deficit
c
A nurse is assessing a client who has an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Which of the following findings indicates that the AAA is expanding? a. Increased BP and decreased pulse rate b. Jugular vein distention and peripheral edema c. Report of sudden, severe back pain d. Report retrosternal chest pain radiating to the left arm
c
A nurse is assessing a client who has heart failure and is receiving digoxin. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse is experiencing digoxin toxicity? a. Suppression of dysrhythmias b. Increased atrioventricular (AV) conduction c. Visual disturbances d. Weight gain
c
A nurse is assessing a client who has pericarditis. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect? a. Bradycardia with ST-segment depression b. Relief of chest pain with deep inspiration c. Dyspnea with hiccups d. Chest pain that increases when sitting upright
c
A nurse is assessing a client with congestive heart failure. Which of the following indicates that the medical treatment has been effective? a. The client is able to take the radial pulse accurately b. The client has minimal jugular vein distention c. The client is able to perform ADLs without dyspnea d. The client's peripheral pitting edema has gone from 3+ to 4+
c
A nurse is assessing an older adult client who has right-sided heart failure. Which of the following is the nurse's priority? a. The client's oxygen saturation is 92% on room air b. The client consumes 20% of her meals c. The client's weight has increased by 0.91 kg (2 lb) i n 24 hr d. The client has 1+ edema in the lower extremities
c
A nurse is assisting a client with a history of angina ambulate in the hall. The client suddenly reports severe substernal chest pain. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? a. Apply nasal oxygen at a rate of 2 L/min b. Check the client's vital signs c. Assist the client to sit or lie down d. Administer sublingual nitroglycerin
c
A nurse is caring for a client and realizes after administering the 0900 medications that she administered digoxin 0.25 mg PO to the client instead of the prescribed digoxin 0.125 mg PO. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? a. Notify the provider b. Contact the nursing supervisor c. Assess the client's apical pulse d. Complete an incident report
c
A nurse is caring for a client following an angioplasty that was inserted through the femoral artery. While turning the client, the nurse discovers blood underneath the client's lower back. Which of the following findings should the nurse suspect? a. Retroperitoneal bleeding b. Cardiac tamponade c. Bleeding from the incisional site d. Heart failure
c
A nurse is caring for a client who has a deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) and has been taking unfractionated heparin for 1 week. Two days ago, the provider also prescribed warfarin. The client asks the nurse about receiving both heparin + warfarin at the same time. Which of the following statements should the nurse give? a. "I will remind your provider that you are already receiving heparin." b. "Your laboratory findings indicated that two anticoagulants were needed." c. "It takes 3 to 4 days before the therapeutic effects of warfarin are achieved, and then the heparin can be discontinued." d. "Only one of these medications is being given to treat your deep-vein thrombosis."
c
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for chlorothiazide to treat hypertension. The nurse should plan to monitor for which of the following adverse effects? a. Thrombophlebitis b. Hyperactive reflexes c. Muscle weakness d. Hypoglycemia
c
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for clopidogrel. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects? a. Insomnia b. Hypotension c. Bleeding d. Constipation
c
A nurse is caring for a client who is 1 hr postoperative following an aortic aneurysm repair. Which of the following findings can indicate shock and should be reported to the provider? a. Serosanguineous drainage on dressing b. Severe pain with coughing c. Urine output of 20 mL/hr d. Increase in temperature from 36.8º C to 37.5º C
c
A nurse is caring for a client who is admitted to the emergency department with a blood pressure of 266/147 mmHg. The client reports a headache + double vision. The client states, "I ran out of my diltiazem 3 days ago, and I am unable to purchase more." Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? a. Administer acetaminophen for headache b. Provide teaching regarding the importance of not abruptly stopping an antihypertensive c. Obtain IV access and prepare to administer an IV antihypertensive d. Call social services for a referral for financial assistance in obtaining prescribed medication
c
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing wheezing and swelling of the tongue. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering first? a. Methylprednisolone b. Diphenhydramine c. Epinephrine d. Dobutamine
c
A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for a coronary artery bypass (CABG) in 2 hr. Which of the following client statements indicates a need for further clarification by the nurse? a. "My arthritis is really bothering me because I haven't taken my aspirin in a week." b. "My blood shouldn't be high because I took my blood pressure medication this morning." c. "I took warfarin last night according to my usual schedule." d. "I will check my blood sugar because I took a reduced dose of insulin this morning."
c
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking fludrocortisone. Which of the following findings indicates to the nurse that the client is experiencing an adverse effect of the medication? a. Hypotension b. Weight loss c. Hypokalemia d. Anorexia
c
A nurse is caring for a client who reports calf pain. What is the first action the nurse should take? a. Notify the provider b. Elevate the affected extremity c. Check the affected extremity for warmth and redness d. Prepare to administer unfractionated heparin
c
A nurse is caring for a client who reports crushing chest pain. The nurse reviews the client's ECG and notes ST changes. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer? a. Simvastatin b. Furosemide c. Nitroglycerin d. Sildenafil
c
A nurse is caring for a client who reports crushing chest pain. The nurse reviews the client's ECG results and notes ST changes. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer? a. Simvastatin b. Furosemide c. Nitroglycerin d. Sildenafil
c
A nurse is caring for a client who takes warfarin 2.5 mg PO daily and has an INR of 6.2. The nurse should anticipate a prescription from the provider for which of the following medications? a. Protamine sulfate b. Fondaparinux c. Vitamin K d. Bivaliridun
c
A nurse is caring for a client with dehydration who has developed hypovolemic shock. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse expect for the client? a. BUN 18 mg/dL b. Capillary refill 1.5 sec c. Hct 55% d. Urine specific gravity
c
A nurse is caring for an adult male client who is undergoing screening tests for atherosclerosis. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse idenitfy as an increased risk for this disorder? a. Cholesterol level 195 mg/dL b. Elevated HDL levels c. Elevated LDL levels d. Triglyceride level 135 mg/dL
c
A nurse is monitoring a client who had a myocardial infarction. For which of the following complications should the nurse monitor in the first 24 hr? a. Infective endocarditis b. Pericarditis c. Ventricular dysrhythmias d. Pulmonary emboli
c
A nurse is preparing an in-service presentation about assessing clients who are having an acute myocardial infarction (MI). What is the most common assessment finding with acute MI? a. Dyspnea b. Pain in the shoulder and left arm c. Substernal chest pain d. Palpitations
c
A nurse is preparing to administer digoxin to a client. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a contraindication to the client receiving this medication? a. Blood pressure 180/70 mmHg b. Oxygen saturation rate 94% c. Heart rate 51/min d. Respiratory rate 21/min
c
A nurse is preparing to administer warfarin to a client who has a new onset of atrial fibrillation. The client asks the nurse, "What should this medication do?" Which of the following responses should the nurse make? a. "It helps your heart return to a normal rhythm." b. "It dissolves blood clots." c. "It can reduce your risk of having a stroke." d. "It helps to prevent bleeding in atrial fibrillation."
c
A nurse is presenting a community education program on recommended lifestyle changes to prevent angina and myocardial infarction. Which of the following changes should the nurse recommend be made first? a. Diet modification b. Relaxation exercises c. Smoking cessation d. Taking omega-3 capsules
c
A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who has a newly inserted permanent maker. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? a. "Request a provider's prescription when traveling to alert airport security." b. "Stand at least 3 feet away while using a microwave." c. "Keep your cell phone 6 inches away from your pacemaker when making a call." d. "Avoid showering for the first 2 weeks of surgery."
c
A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who is scheduled for total knee arthroplasty. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I will wear a continuous movement machine on my knee for 24 hr a day." b. "I should avoid taking NSAID medications for pain after surgery." c. "I should wear elastic stockings on both of my legs." d. "I will begin exercising my legs the day after surgery."
c
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has chronic atrial fibrillation. Which of the following should the nurse discuss? a. Discuss getting a monthly PTT b. Teach signs of pacemaker malfunction c. Instruct the client to use soft-bristle toothbrush
c
A nurse is providing teaching to a client about a new prescription for captopril to treat hypertension. Which of the followign clients statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I might have a sore throat that will go away after a few days." b. "I will take this medication with food to avoid getting an upset stomach." c. "I might feel dizzy at times while taking this medication." d. "I will take ibuprofen if I get a fever while taking this medicaiton."
c
A nurse is providing teaching to a client w/ a new diagnosis of heart failure who has prescription for furosemide. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? a. "You can take ibuprofen for headaches while taking this medication." b. "You may experience increased swelling in your lower extremities while taking this medication." c. "You should eat foods that are high in potassium while taking this medication." d. "You should take this medication at bedtime."
c
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of several male clients who have peripheral arterial disease. The nurse should plan to provide dietary teaching for the client who has which of the following laboratory values? a. Cholesterol 180 mg/dL, HDL 70 mg/dL, LDL 90 mg/dL b. Cholesterol 185 mg/dL, HDL 50 mg/dL, LDL 120 mg/dL c. Cholesterol 190 mg/dL, HDL 25 mg/dL, LDL 160 mg/dL d. Cholesterol 195 mg/dL, HDL 55 mg/dL, LDL 125 mg/dL
c
A nurse is taking care of a patient with congestive heart failure. The nurse enters the patient's room and sees that they are lying in bed, gasping for breath, and their skin is cool and clammy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse complete first? a. Obtain pulse oximetry reading b. Sponge the patient's forehead c. Assist the client to a sitting position d. Take the client's vital signs
c
A nurse is talking with a client who has class I heart failure and asks about obtaining a ventricular assist device (VAD). Which of the following statements should the nurse make? a. "VADs are only implanted during heart transplantation." b. "A VAD helps to pace the heart." c. "VADs are used when heart failure is not responsive to medications." d. "A VAD is useful for clients who also have a chronic lung issue."
c
A nurse is teaching a client about dietary modifications to control blood pressure. Which of the following food choices should the nurse identify as an indication that the client understands the instructions? a. Onion soup and salad b. Vegetarian wrap with potato chips c. Grilled chicken salad with fresh tomatoes d. Chicken bouillon and crackers
c
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for warfarin. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client understands the instructions? a. "I'll use a safety razor to shave each day." b. "I'll be sure to eat lots of spinach." c. "I'll avoid contact sports like football." d. "I'll take ibuprofen if I get a headache."
c
A nurse on a cardiac unit is reviewing the laboratory findings of a client who has a diagnosis of myocardial infarction that reports that his dyspnea began 2 weeks ago. Which of the following cardiac enzymes would confirm the MI 14 days ago? a. CK-MB b. Troponin I c. Troponin T d. Myoglobin
c
Heart failure is defined as an inability of the heart to: a. Sustain a normal heart rate b. Avoid thrombus formation c. Pump blood and oxygen to the tissues d. Maintain organized electrical conductivity
c
The nurse received shift report. Which client should the nurse assess first? a. The client diagnosed with atrial-fibrillation whose apical rate is 110 and irregular b. The client diagnosed with congestive heart failure with 3+ pitting edema c. The client diagnosed with coronary artery disease complains of severe indigestion d. The client diagnosed with sinus bradycardia complains of being constipated
c
What does S2 represent? a. Atria contracting b. Atrioventricular valves closing c. Semilunar valves closing d. The heart hitting the liver and lungs upon contraction
c
What is a myocardial infarction? a. Severe muscle ache due to excessive exercise b. When there is a blockage of blood flow in the superior vena cava c. When there is a blockage of blood flow in a coronary artery d. When deoxygenated blood enters the left atrium
c
What is the nursing priority for a patient following a cardiac catheterization? a. Providing adequate fluid intake b. Elevating the head of the bed at 45º c. Assess perfusion of the affected leg d. Offer a meal to the patient
c
Which laboratory data would indicate that a client is in severe congestive heart failure? a. A positive ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) scan b. An elevated creatinine kinase (CK-MB) c. An elevated B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) d. A positive D-dimer
c
Which of the following assessment findings would indicate a positive response to medication therapy for a patient in shock? a. Temperature 38.4º C b. Decreased blood pressure c. Increased urine output d. Blood pressure 180/110 mmHg
c
A nurse is preparing an automated external defibrillator (AED) for a client receiving CPR after a cardiac arrest. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform first? a. Press the analyze button on the machine b. Stop CPR and move away from the client c. Push the charge button to prepare to shock d. Apply the defibrillator pads to the client's chest
d
A nurse is caring for a client who has a history of angina and is scheduled for exercise electrocardiography at 1100. Which of the following statements by the client requires the nurse to contact the provider for possible rescheduling? a. "I'm still hungry after the bowl of cereal I ate at 7 a.m." b. "I didn't take my heart pills this morning because the doctor told me not to." c. "I have had chest pain a couple of times since I saw my doctor in the office last week." d. "I smoked a cigarette this morning to calm my nerves about having this procedure."
d
A nurse is caring for a client who has congestive heart failure and is taking digoxin. The client reports nausea and refuses to eat breakfast. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? a. Encourage the client to eat the toast on the breakfast tray b. Administer an antiemetic c. Inform the client's provider d. Check the client's apical pulse
d
A nurse is caring for a client who has congestive heart failure and is taking digoxin. The client reports nausea and refuses to eat his breakfast. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? a. Encourage the client to eat the toast on the breakfast tray b. Administer an antiemetic c. Inform the client's provider d. Check the client's apical pulse
d
A nurse is caring for a client who has endocarditis. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a potential complication? a. Ventricular depolarization b. Guillain-Barre syndrome c. Myelodysplastic syndrome d. Valvular disease
d
A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and is prescribed dobutamine hydrochloride by continuous IV infusion. The nurse should identify that which of the following is the therapeutic effect of this medication? a. Improves oxygen saturation rate b. Decreases elevated blood pressure c. Reduces heart rate d. Improves cardiac output
d
A nurse is caring for a client who has just returned from a cardiac catheterization. Which of the following assessment data would warrant immediate intervention from the nurse? a. The client denies any numbness and tingling b. The client's groin dressing is dry and intact c. The client's blood pressure is 110/70 mmHg and pulse is 90/min d. The client refuses to keep their leg straight
d
A nurse is caring for a client who has pericarditis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? a. Petechiae b. Murmur c. Rash d. Friction rub
d
A nurse is caring for a client who has peripheral vascular disease (PVD) and ulcers on the toes. Which of the following findings of PVD is a risk factor for ulceration of the extremities? a. Insufficient skin care b. Dehydration c. Immobility d. Impaired circulation
d
A nurse is caring for a client who is 12 hours postoperative following a total hip arthroplasty. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering to this client to prevent deep vein thrombosis (DVT)? a. Aspirin b. Warfarin c. Ticagrelor d. Enoxaparin
d
A nurse is caring for a client who is in hypovolemic shock. WHile waiting for a unit of blood, the nurse should administer which of the following IV solutions? a. 0.45% sodium chloride b. Dextrose 5% in 0.9% sodium chloride c. Dextrose 10% in water d. 0.9% sodium chloride
d
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving IV ampicillin and develops urticaria and dyspnea. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? a. Elevate the client's feet and legs b. Administer epinephrine c. Infuse 0.9% sodium chloride d. Stop the medication infusion
d
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving heparin therapy and develops hematuria. Which of the following actions should the nurse take if the client's aPTT is 96 seconds? a. Increase the heparin infusion flow rate by 2 mL/hr b. Continue to monitor the heparin infusion as prescribed c. Request a prothrombin time (PT) d. Stop the heparin infusion
d
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking warfarin. Which of the following laboratory values should the recognize as an effective response of the medication? a. Hct 45% b. Hgb 15 g/dL c. aPTT 35 seconds d. INR 3.0
d
A nurse is caring for a group of clients. Which of the following clients is at risk for obstructive shock? a. A client who is having occasional PVCs on the ECG monitor b. A client who has been experiencing vomiting and diarrhea for several days c. A client who has a gram-negative bacterial infection d. A client who has a pulmonary arterial stenosis
d
A nurse is completing an assessment for a client who has a history of unstable angina. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? a. Chest pain is relieved soon after resting b. Nitroglycerin relieves chest pain c. Physical exertion does not precipitate chest pain d. Chest pain lasts for longer than 15 min
d
A nurse is completing the admission assessment of a client who will undergo peripheral bypass graft surgery on the left leg. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? a. Rubor of the affected leg when elevated b. 3+ dorsal pedal pulse in the left foot c. Thin, peeling toenails of the left foot d. Report of intermittent claudication in the affected leg
d
A nurse is orienting a newly licensed nurse on the care of a client who is to have a line placed for hemodynamic monitoring. Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicates understanding? a. "Air should be instilled into the monitoring system prior to the procedure." b. "The client should be positioned on the left side during the procedure." c. "The transducer should be level with the second intercostal space after the line is placed." d. "A chest x-ray is needed to verify placement after the procedure."
d
A nurse is planning care for a client who is having a percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) with stent placement. Which of the following actions should the nurse anticipate in the post-procedure plan of care? a. Instruct the client about a long-term cardiac conditioning program b. Administer scheduled doses of acetaminophen c. Check for peak laboratory markers of myocardial damage d. Monitor for bleeding
d
A nurse is preparing a client for coronary angiography. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider prior to the procedure? a. Hemoglobin 14.4 g/dL b. History of peripheral arterial disease c. Urine output 200 mL/4 hr d. Previous allergic reaction to iodine
d
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is scheduled to start taking hydrochlorothiazide for hypertension. The nurse instructs the client to eat foods that are rich in potassium. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "This medication will not work unless I have enough potassium." b. "Potassium will increase the therapeutic effect of my blood pressure medication." c. "Potassium will lower my blood pressure." d. "This medication can cause a loss of potassium."
d
A nurse is reviewing the medical history of a client who is cheduled for a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination of the cervical vertebra. Which of the following pieces of information in the client's history is a contraindication to this procedure. a. The client has a new tattoo b. The client is unable to sit upright c. The client has a history of peripheral vascular disease d. The client has a pacemaker
d
A nurse is reviewing the progress notes for a client who has heart failure. The provider noted some improvement in the client's cardiac output. The nurse should understand that cardiac output reflects which of the following physiologic parameters? a. The percentage of blood the ventricles pump during each beat b. The amount of blood the left ventricle pumps during each beat c. The amount of blood in the left ventricle at the end of diastole d. The heart rate times the stroke volume
d
A nurse is teaching a 70-year-old client about risk factors for heart failure. The client has mild asthma, diabetes mellitus, and coronary artery disease. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "My diabetes will not increase my risk of heart failure." b. "My asthma makes it more likely for me to have heart failure." c. "My age does not increase my risk for heart failure." d. "My coronary artery disease is a risk factor for heart failure."
d
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new diagnosis of an aneurysm. The nurse asks the client to explain what causes an aneurysm to rupture. Which of the following statements should the nurse give? a. "This can occur when the wall of an artery becomes thin and flexible." b. "This can occur when there is turbulence in blood flow in the artery." c. "It is due to abdominal enlargement." d. "It is due to hypertension."
d
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new diagnosis of severe peripheral arterial disease. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? a. Wear tightly-fitted insulated socks with shoes when going outside b. Elevate both legs above the heart when resting c. Apply a heating pad to both legs for comfort d. Place both legs in dependent position while sleeping
d
A nurse is teaching a client who has angina about a new prescription for metoprolol. Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding of the teaching? a. "I should place the tablet under my tongue." b. "I should have my clotting time checked weekly." c. "I will report any ringing in my ears." d. "I will call my doctor if my pulse rate is less than 60."
d
A nurse is teaching a client who is scheduled for a coronary angiography. Which of the following statements should the nurse include? a. "You should have nothing to eat or drink for 4 hours prior to the procedure." b. "You will be given general anesthesia during the procedure." c. "You should not have this procedure done if you are allergic to eggs." d. "You will need to keep your affected leg straight following the procedure."
d
A nurse on the telemetry unit has just received the morning shift report. Which of the following clients should the nurse assess first? a. The client diagnosed with congestive heart failure and 4+ sacral pitting edema b. The client diagnosed with pneumonia who has a pulse ox of 94% c. The client with chronic renal failure who has an elevated creatinine level d. The client diagnosed with myocardial infarction who has an audible S3 heart sound
d
Which of the following is a contraindication to a patient with permanent pacemaker? a. Ultrasound of the carotid b. CT scan of the chest c. Chest x-ray d. MRI of the chest
d