NRSG 6300 Advanced Pathophysiology 301-400
A patient has osteoarthritis. Which joints is the nurse expected to see affected by this disorder? Select all that apply. Wrist Ankle Elbow Knee Hip
Knee Hip
An elderly woman with severe osteoporosis has suffered thoracic vertebrae compression fractures. Which of the following is she most likely to develop? Scoliosis Kyphosis Lumbar lordosis No signs or symptoms
Kyphosis
A patient is experiencing sciatica. The nurse will be educating the patient about the location within the spine causing this issue. Which area on a vertebral diagram should the nurse draw the patient's attention to? Area between C7 and T1 Area between T12 and L1 Area between L1 and L2 Area between L4 through S1
Area between L4 through S1
A nurse notes "degenerative disc disease" on a patient's chart. Which areas of the spine does the nurse suspect to be most likely affected? Thoracic and cervical Thoracic and lumbar Thoracic and sacral Lumbar and cervical
Lumbar and cervical
A patient has ankylosing spondylitis. Where along the spine does the clinician first suspect the disease to appear? Cervical spine Upper thoracic spine Mid thoracic to superior lumbar spine Lumbar spine and sacroiliac area
Lumbar spine and sacroiliac area
A nurse reads on a patient's chart the presence of degenerative disc disease. Where in the spinal column does the nurse know this is most likely to happen? Cervical Upper thoracic Lower thoracic Lumbosacral
Lumbosacral
A nursing student is reviewing the forms of psoriatic arthritis. Which of the following should she include in her review? Select all that apply. Arthritis mutilans Systemic arthritis Asymmetric arthritis Spondylitis Distal interphalangea
Arthritis mutilans Systemic arthritis Asymmetric arthritis Spondylitis Distal interphalangea
A patient is undergoing a laboratory assessment for osteomyelitis. Which of the following would be true for this condition? Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels will be lower than normal. Blood cultures will be 100% accurate. Aspiration and culture of affected area may yield inconclusive results. The best assessment will be a rapid test based on a swab of the affected area.
Aspiration and culture of affected area may yield inconclusive results.
A nurse is recording a patient's signs and symptoms. If the patient has classic carpal tunnel syndrome, which area of the body will the patient's complaint be centered on? Elbow Thumb and first finger At least two of first three fingers 4th and 5th fingers
At least two of first three fingers
A patient learns that she is to be scheduled for a dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan. Which of the following should the nurse explain to the patient? A DEXA scan will help us see the osteoarthritis in your joints. A DEXA scan can be used to measure your bone mineral density. A DEXA scan help us evaluate whether you have a ligament tear in your knee. A DEXA scan will help us evaluate whether you have deep vein thrombosis.
A DEXA scan can be used to measure your bone mineral density.
A nurse is told that a patient she is treating has cachexia. Which of the following will the nurse expect? An overweight patient, bordering on obesity A patient with a voracious appetite A patient with decreased lean body mass and body fat A patient with a severe skin rash, but otherwise in robust health
A patient with decreased lean body mass and body fat
A patient suffers a ski injury while skiing. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan reveals a tear in a structure of the knee that is the primary stabilizer, preventing anterior displacement. Which structure has been damaged? Posterior cruciate ligament Lateral collateral ligament Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) Medial meniscus
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
A patient has been treated for osteomyelitis. The clinician is speaking to the patient about the follow-up schedule. Which of the following is typical follow-up for osteomyelitis? Daily reevaluation for 10 days Revaluation every month for six months Reevaluation every month for 12 months Reevaluation every three months for 2 years
Reevaluation every three months for 2 years
A patient is suffering a gout attack. Which of the following is an appropriate response? Tolerate the pain as long as you can before taking pain medications. Opioids are the medication of choice for these attacks. Begin with a high dosage of NSAIDs and taper the medication as the pain decreases in severity. Take medications only when more than one joint is involved in the gout attack.
Begin with a high dosage of NSAIDs and taper the medication as the pain decreases in severity.
A woman is diagnosed with osteoporosis. Which medication may she be prescribed for this condition? Bisphosphonates Beta-blockers Statins Calcium channel blockers
Bisphosphonates
A patient has degenerative disc disease in the lumbar and sacral areas of the spine. Which of the following signs and symptoms would be most significant to note? Numbness in left foot Pain radiating to posterior thigh area Bladder and bowel dysfunction Pain that awakens the patient in the night
Bladder and bowel dysfunction
A patient states that, whenever she stands up, her knees and sometimes her ankles make a clicking noise. Which of the following is an appropriate term for the clinician to use to describe this process? Osteoarthritis Osteophyte formation Crepitus Joint malunion
Crepitus
A patient has experienced a crushing injury to the upper arm. Upon assessment, the nurse notes weak pulses distal to the injury. What may the nurse consider relative to this development? Compartment syndrome Homan's sign Myositis Pott's disease
Compartment syndrome
A patient suffered a fracture of the distal humerus. She also has an autoimmune condition. Which of the following medications being used by the patient may be of concern relative to the healing of her arm? Antihistamines Corticosteroids NSAIDs Angiotensin-receptor blockers
Corticosteroids
A patient presents in the emergency department. The patient had completed a long, intense workout and has developed rhabdomyolysis. Which organ function is most likely compromised? Liver Intestine Spleen Kidney
Kidney
A patient's chart lists in the history section that the patient has experienced a meniscal tear. Which area of the body has been injured? Elbow Shoulder Knee Ankle
Knee
A patient has bursitis in the right hip. Which of the following is likely to appear on assessment? Pain with joint motion, but no pain or discomfort at rest. Both active and passive range of motion (ROM) decreased. Decreased active ROM with normal passive range of motion. Structural abnormality unrelated to overuse or repetitive injury.
Decreased active ROM with normal passive range of motion.
A patient complains of muscle weakness that seems to be worsening. During assessment, the clinician notes a rash on the face, chest, and eyelids of the patient. What does the clinician suspect? Septic arthritis Psoriatic arthritis Dermatomyositis Polymyositis
Dermatomyositis
A patient has had intermittent gout attacks. Which of the following would be correct to discuss with the patient? When treating a gout attack, wait until the pain is very severe before taking any medications. Drink plenty of fluid because gout can increase the risk of kidney stones. Your blood tests do not reveal high uric-acid levels, so you must have some other condition than gout. Gout only affects the big toe joint. You cannot have a gout attack in your knee.
Drink plenty of fluid because gout can increase the risk of kidney stones.
A clinician wants to evaluate a patient for osteoporosis. Which of the following is the best diagnostic test? X-ray Computed tomography (CT) scan Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan
A patient presents with erythema migrans associated with Lyme disease. This stage of presentation would place the patient in which stage of Lyme disease? Pre-inoculation stage Early localized Lyme disease Early disseminated Lyme disease Late disseminated Lyme disease
Early localized Lyme disease
A nurse is reviewing rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE) therapy with a patient who has injured his knee. What following specifications are correct for the nurse to share? Alternate between ice application and immersing the injury in hot water. Elevate the heart above the level of the injury. Apply ice for 60 minutes. Rest for two to three weeks before trying any activity.
Elevate the heart above the level of the injury.
A clinician suspects an infection of the bone and places an order for inflammatory mediators to be evaluated. Which of the following factors would be indicative of an inflammatory process? Select all that apply. Elevated white blood cell (WBC) levels Elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) Elevated red blood cell (RBC) levels Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) Elevated platelets
Elevated white blood cell (WBC) levels Elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
A clinician needs to assess a patient who has complained of lower back pain. Which of the following is key information to obtain? Select all that apply. Exact description of events leading to pain Asking the patient why he continues to be overweight, which places strain on the back Location of the pain Whether or not the pain radiates Movements that are limited by the pain
Exact description of events leading to pain Location of the pain Whether or not the pain radiates Movements that are limited by the pain
A woman would like to know her risk of developing osteoporosis because her mother had the disease. Which of the following are considered risk factors? Select all that apply. Female gender Childbearing age Large stature Obesity Asian or Caucasian ethnicity
Female gender Asian or Caucasian ethnicity
Diagnostic imaging reveals a complete tear in a ligament. How will this be classified? Strain Grade I sprain Grade II sprain Grade III sprain
Grade III sprain
A patient has been diagnosed with Pott's disease. Which of the following increased the patient's risk for developing this disorder? Exposure to ticks Age Gender HIV positive status
HIV positive status
A patient is being assessed for ankylosing spondylitis. Which marker would be the most helpful to evaluate? C-reactive protein Erythrocyte sedimentation rate HLA-B27 Purified protein derivative
HLA-B27
A patient presents with what he feels is a strange complaint. He points to his lower leg and states that there is a strange bullseye rash there. Which of the following is an appropriate follow-up question by the nurse? Do you have bed bugs? Did you get stung by a wasp? Have you been hiking in the woods? Did you come into contact with poison ivy?
Have you been hiking in the woods?
A clinician suspects osteomalacia in a patient. Which of the following laboratory results would contribute to this diagnosis? Select all that apply. Decreased parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels Elevated calcium levels Hyperparathyroidism Low vitamin D levels Elevated alkaline phosphatase levels
Hyperparathyroidism Low vitamin D levels Elevated alkaline phosphatase levels
A patient is diagnosed with osteomyelitis. Which of the following will most likely be discussed in regard to the initial treatment plan? IV antibiotic therapy for two to six weeks 14-day oral antibiotics Surgical treatment Casting and other means of immobilization
IV antibiotic therapy for two to six weeks
Following shoulder surgery, a patient has developed possible septic arthritis. Which of the following is likely to be most effective treatment? IV antibiotics Alternating warm and cool compresses over the joint Increasing joint mobility with exercises Complete joint replacement
IV antibiotics
Of the following, which may a clinician share as treatment strategies for osteoarthritis? Select all that apply. Methotrexate Complete immobilization of affected joint Intra-articular glucocorticoid injection Oral corticosteroids Regular, moderate exercise
Intra-articular glucocorticoid injection Regular, moderate exercise
A patient presents with an ankle sprain. What does the clinician likely assume about the injury? The sprain was caused by eversion of the ankle. An x-ray should be done first before further evaluation. The Achilles tendon was damaged. Inversion of the foot likely caused the injury.
Inversion of the foot likely caused the injury.
A clinician suspects that a patient has gout. Which of the following would provide the most accurate diagnostic information? Serum uric-acid levels 24-hour urine uric-acid levels Urease test Joint aspiration revealing urate crystals
Joint aspiration revealing urate crystals
A clinician believes that a patient may have osteoarthritis. Which of the following x-ray results would support this diagnosis? Select all that apply. Joint-space narrowing Osteophyte formation Autoimmune inflammation Subchondral sclerosis Compression fractures
Joint-space narrowing Osteophyte formation Subchondral sclerosis
A patient has metastatic cancer. Which of the following organs is not a common tissue for cancer metastasis? Brain Kidney Liver Bone
Kidney
A nurse is speaking to a young woman who has been diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis. The patient has some questions about what complications can develop from this disease. Which of the following would be appropriate for the nurse to include? Long-term skin rashes will appear over the joints. Lung scarring may develop. The eyes can be affected. Crohn's disease may develop. Bone infections are likely to occur.
Lung scarring may develop. The eyes can be affected. Crohn's disease may develop.
A laboratory analysis revealed antibodies for Borrelia burgdorferi. Which of the following is a concern? Systemic lupus erythematosus Lyme disease Pott's disease Osteomyelitis
Lyme disease
A patient had a prior fracture of a phalangeal bone of the foot. The patient did not seek medical care. The patient now presents with the healed fracture, but the bone is abnormally shaped and looks "crooked." Which term can be applied? Nonunion Compression fracture Malunion Stress fracture
Malunion
A woman's Pap smear results come back with a cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) I assessment. Which of the following does this indicate? Immediate surgery is needed. Metastatic cancer has developed. Mild dysplasia is present. Invasive cancerous growth has occurred.
Mild dysplasia is present
A patient's cancer is staged as T2 N1 MO. Which of the following is the correct interpretation for the nurse to make? No tumor is present. No lymph node involvement has occurred. No metastasis had occurred. No cancer is present.
No metastasis had occurred
A patient has cervical degenerative disc disease. Which of the following will the nurse expect to be primary patient complaints? Pain that is minimized with walking Numbness or tingling in arm or hand Foot drop Loss of bladder and bowel function
Numbness or tingling in arm or hand
A clinician notes osteophytes formation in the knee of a patient. Which disorder does the clinician suspect? Rheumatoid arthritis Osteoporosis Osteoarthritis Psoriatic arthritis
Osteoarthritis
Which of the following disorders is most likely to result in Heberden's nodes? Osteoarthritis Rheumatoid arthritis Systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) Psoriatic arthritis
Osteoarthritis
A patient is diagnosed with osteopenia. Which of the following shows correct understanding of this diagnosis? Osteopenia and osteoporosis are the same condition. Osteopenia always develops into osteoporosis. Osteopenia is a more severe form of osteoporosis. Osteopenia is diagnosed when bone mineral density (BMD) T score of -1 to -2.5.
Osteopenia is diagnosed when bone mineral density (BMD) T score of -1 to -2.5.
On an x-ray, a clinician notes osteophyte formation around the knee joint. Which of the following is the correct interpretation? Osteophyte formation is a normal part of bone remodeling. Osteophyte formation occurs in osteoarthritis. Healthy cartilage cells are the most likely cause of osteophyte formations. Too much synovial fluid caused the osteophyte formation.
Osteophyte formation occurs in osteoarthritis
A nurse is reviewing degenerative disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Which of the following is the most common degenerative disorder of bone? Osteoarthritis Osteoporosis Rheumatoid arthritis Rickets
Osteoporosis
A patient is concerned about osteoporosis and wants to know if she has the disorder. What can the clinician share about diagnosing this disorder? Select all that apply. X-rays are the best option for diagnosing osteoporosis. Evaluation of serum calcium levels will indicate osteoporosis. Osteoporosis presents with early, acute signs and symptoms. Pathologic fracture may be the first sign of osteoporosis. A bone density test is the best diagnostic tool for osteoporosis.
Pathologic fracture may be the first sign of osteoporosis. A bone density test is the best diagnostic tool for osteoporosis.
A patient appears with a primary complaint of pain in the sole of his right foot. He states that it is the worst in the morning upon rising but gets a little better during the day. Which of the following is the likely diagnosis? Stress fracture Metatarsal misalignment Grade II sprain Plantar fasciitis
Plantar fasciitis
A nurse hears that a patient has presented with severe pain in the big toe area that awakened him at night. Which of the following may the nurse suspect? Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) Podagra Broken toe Pott's disease
Podagra
A muscle biopsy is scheduled for diagnostic purposes. Which of the following disorders are possibly being assessed? Select all that apply. Polymyositis Dermatomyositis Gout Lyme disease Pott's disease
Polymyositis Dermatomyositis
Which of the following recommendations is best for a patient with septic arthritis in the knee joint? Provide a standard 10-day course of oral antibiotics. Encourage high levels of activity to stimulate joint repair. Prepare the patient for joint aspiration and intra-articular antibiotic administration. Increase use of systemic corticosteroids.
Prepare the patient for joint aspiration and intra-articular antibiotic administration.
A patient is being evaluated for potential osteomyelitis. Which of the following is considered a significant factor that increases the risk for this disorder? Staphylococcal skin infection Prosthetic joint Age Sedentary lifestyle
Prosthetic joint
A patient is suspected of having an arthritic condition. The nurse asks to examine his nails. Which condition is associated with nail changes? Polymyalgia rheumatica Gout Psoriatic arthritis Ankylosing spondylitis
Psoriatic arthritis
A patient with ankle sprain does not require crutches or a brace. The patient is wondering what he can do to help the healing process. Which of the following acronyms may help the patient remember what to do? RICE therapy ACL therapy ECT therapy HRT therapy
RICE therapy
A patient is experiencing radiculopathy due to degenerative disc disease. Which of the following does the nurse expect to observe? Abnormal vital signs Complete loss of sensation and motor control Dizziness and vertigo Radiating pain and altered sensation in affected area
Radiating pain and altered sensation in affected area
A patient has been diagnosed with osteoarthritis in her right knee. The patient experienced a sports-related trauma to the knee several years ago. Which of the following should be discussed with the patient? She must be nonweight bearing for at least six weeks. Oral steroids may be prescribed. Regular, moderate exercise will be beneficial. In time, the joint will completely heal on its own.
Regular, moderate exercise will be beneficial.
Which of the following diagnostic options will yield the most accurate information about possible Lyme disease? X-ray Joint aspiration Quick, rapid test Repeated blood test for antibody levels
Repeated blood test for antibody levels
A patient has developed bursitis in her elbow from playing tennis. Which of the following applies to this condition? Developed due to a severe pulling action on the arm Tear of the elbow ligament Repetitive overuse injury Due to a genetic, anatomical abnormality
Repetitive overuse injury
A nurse uses the acronym "RICE" with a patient. Which of the following is the correct understanding of its meaning? Range of motion, Immobility, Casting, Elevation Rest, Immobility, Compression, Elevation Range of motion, Immobility, Compression, Ergonomic aids Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation
Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation
A patient has been diagnosed with spinal stenosis. Which of the following describes the typical development of this condition? Results from a traumatic event Results from severe osteoporosis Results from gradual spinal degeneration Synonymous with cauda equina syndrome
Results from gradual spinal degeneration
Which of the following is not considered to be an oncogenic virus? Human papillomavirus (HPV) Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) Hepatitis B virus Rotavirus
Rotavirus
A patient is diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis. Which of the following areas should the nurse ask about particularly in her assessment of the patient? Knees and wrists Sacroiliac area of the spine Shoulder and ankles Distal joints of the hand
Sacroiliac area of the spine
A patient's biopsy sample came back estrogen receptor (ER)-positive. Which of the following treatments may be considered based on these results? Bisphosphonates Tyrosine kinase inhibitors Selective ER modulators (SERMs) Angiotensin receptor blockers
Selective ER modulators (SERMs)
A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan shows a narrowing spinal canal for a patient experiencing pain and weakness in his lower extremities. Which of the following is the likely diagnosis? Osteoporosis Spinal stenosis Rickets Cervical degenerative disc disease
Spinal stenosis
A patient has been diagnosed with osteomyelitis, which is believed to be from contiguous spread. A sample has been sent to the laboratory for identification of the infectious agent. Which of the following will most likely be the target of treatment? Staphylococcus pyogenes Streptococcus pyogenes Streptococcus pneumoniae Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus aureus
A patient, while bending down, immediately feels pain in the muscles of his lower back. Any movement involving those back muscles causes soreness. Which of the following would be the correct classification? Strain Grade I sprain Grade II sprain Grade III sprain
Strain
A patient is discharged after orthopedic knee surgery. Which signs and symptoms may appear if deep vein thrombosis (DVT) has developed? Select all that apply. Tenderness in the area "Ropiness" of the vein Appearance of white patches on the skin Warm to the touch Red skin rash
Tenderness in the area "Ropiness" of the vein Warm to the touch
A patient self-reports that she takes 1200 mg of calcium per day. What interpretation by the clinician is correct? The calcium intake is too high. The calcium intake is too low. The calcium intake is the recommended amount. The calcium intake is at toxic levels.
The calcium intake is the recommended amount.
A man fell off scaffolding that was positioned two stories above the ground. He experienced a broken fibula and a comminuted fracture of the tibia. The clinician is worried about nonunion of the tibia. How can this be explained to the patient? To heal, the fracture will require insertion of hardware. The fracture is likely to heal without complication. The fracture has no chance of healing. The fracture is likely to heal in an abnormal position.
The fracture has no chance of healing.
A patient receives a T score of 1.0. What is the correct interpretation? The individual has severe osteoporosis. The individual has osteoporosis. The individual has osteopenia. The individual has normal bone mineral density.
The individual has normal bone mineral density.
Scanning a patient's chart, the nurse notes a history of issues with the median nerve. Which of the following does the nurse suspect? The patient has tennis elbow. The patient has carpal tunnel syndrome. The patient has lower back pain. The patient has pain with hip flexion.
The patient has carpal tunnel syndrome.
A patient is complaining that his osteoarthritis is not being taken seriously. His friend has arthritis and has been given a prescription for methotrexate. The patient wants to know why he has not received the same prescription as his friend. What explanation is most reasonable if the patient's information is correct? The patient has osteoarthritis, while his friend has rheumatoid arthritis. The condition of the patent's friend is being mismanaged. The patient should be receiving methotrexate treatment. As the patient's osteoarthritis progresses, he will also likely receive methotrexate treatment.
The patient has osteoarthritis, while his friend has rheumatoid arthritis.
A nurse sees on a patient's chart the diagnosis of polymyalgia rheumatica. As the nurse meets the patient, which of the following does she observe is atypical for this disorder? The patient is female. The patient is 34 years old. The patient states that the onset of symptoms was abrupt. The patient reports that pain is worse in the morning.
The patient is 34 years old.
A nurse is caring for a patient with rickets. Which of the following will be expected? Select all that apply. The patient is likely between 4 and 12 months of age. The patient may be suffering from malnutrition. The patient has a bone infection. The patient may be lacking in sunlight exposure. The patient may have a delay in fontanelle closure.
The patient is likely between 4 and 12 months of age. The patient may be suffering from malnutrition. The patient may be lacking in sunlight exposure. The patient may have a delay in fontanelle closure.
A patient is presenting with pain and tenderness in the middle of the 2nd metatarsal. The nurse is speaking to the patient about her recent health history. Which of the following may the nurse want to note? The patient has lost 15 pounds over the past year. The patient recently began training for a marathon. The patient takes a multivitamin supplement. The patient has a bunion on the opposite foot.
The patient recently began training for a marathon.
A patient with a history of degenerative disc disease in the lumbar area has developed bowel and bladder dysfunction. Which of the following is the correct assessment? The patient needs more physical therapy to lessen spinal impingement. The patient requires immediate treatment for this medical emergency. The patient should be on bedrest for one to two weeks until symptoms resolve. The patient requires NSAIDs and muscle relaxants.
The patient requires immediate treatment for this medical emergency.
A nurse is speaking to a patient about how to lessen the risk of Lyme disease. Which of the following recommendations is appropriate for the nurse to make? Nothing can be done to prevent Lyme disease because it is so common. The patient should move to an area of the United States in which Lyme disease in not common. The patient should receive the Lyme disease vaccine. The patient should always examine himself for ticks after being outdoors.
The patient should always examine himself for ticks after being outdoors.
A patient with cancer is developing signs and symptoms related to paraneoplastic syndrome. Which of the following would be an appropriate manner for the nurse to explain this development to the patient? The signs and symptoms you are experiencing are related to the size of your tumor. You have these signs and symptoms because they are indicative of metastatic cancer. The signs and symptoms have developed because your tumor is releasing hormone-like substances. You have these signs and symptoms because the cancer has spread to all of your endocrine glands.
The signs and symptoms have developed because your tumor is releasing hormone-like substances.
Which of the following does the nurse recognize to be true about ovarian cancer? It is monitored by evaluating alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels. It is not associated with breast cancer (BRCA)1 mutations. It presents with specific, acute symptoms. Treatment may involve several rounds of chemotherapy.
Treatment may involve several rounds of chemotherapy.
A patient complains that the "little" and "ring" fingers on the right hand (4th and 5th fingers) fall asleep and tingle. Which of the following may likely be leading to this development? Median nerve injury Rotator cuff injury Sciatica Ulnar nerve injury
Ulnar nerve injury
A nurse knows that an osteoporotic fracture is more likely in bones with a high percentage of trabecular bone. Which of the following bones would be at greatest risk for such fractures? Select all that apply. Upper femur (hip) Sternum Vertebrae Wrist Humerus
Upper femur (hip) Vertebrae Humerus
A patient has septic arthritis in the knee joint. Which of the following are likely treatment options? Immunosuppressant medications IV antibiotics Instructions to increase activity and mobility of affected joint No joint aspiration
V antibiotics
Which of the following fracture types is considered pathognomonic for osteoporosis? Colle's fracture Vertebral compression fracture Metatarsal foot fracture Transverse mid-shaft fracture
Vertebral compression fracture
A postmenopausal patient is worried about her bone mineral density. She takes a calcium supplement currently. Which vitamin may aid with her calcium absorption? Vitamin E Vitamin K Vitamin D Vitamin B12
Vitamin D
Osteoporosis Osteoarthritis Rheumatoid arthritis Psoriatic arthritis
Which of the following diseases is depicted in the image?
A nurse learns that she is caring for a patient with polymyalgia rheumatica. Which of the following does the nurse expect relative to the patient? Young, fit male Woman over the age of 60 years Woman in her 20s Patient presenting with pain in big toe
Woman over the age of 60 years
A clinician sees on a report that a patient has suffered a Smith's fracture. Which area of the body should the clinician expect to evaluate? Hip Wrist Ankle Elbow
Wrist
A patient has been diagnosed with osteoarthritis. Which of the following joints does the clinician expect to have the least amount of damage? Select all that apply. Wrist Hip Elbow Knee Ankle
Wrist Elbow Ankle
A patient is concerned about her calcium intake, as she is worried about developing osteoporosis. Which of the following should the nurse share with the patient? You need between 200 and 400 mg of calcium per day. You need between 400 and 600 mg of calcium per day. You need between 600 and 800 mg of calcium per day. You need between 1000 and 1200 mg of calcium per day.
You need between 1000 and 1200 mg of calcium per day.
A patient with osteoporosis is prescribed bisphosphonates. Which of the following ideas should the nurse review with the patient? Select all that apply. You can take this medication any time in during the day, as it is well tolerated. You need to maintain an upright position after taking this medication. In some individuals, this medication has been associated with atypical fractures. For best absorption, take the medication before bedtime. You must take this medication with water.
You need to maintain an upright position after taking this medication. In some individuals, this medication has been associated with atypical fractures. You must take this medication with water.
A patient is asking about lifestyle changes that may help to lessen gout attacks. Which of the following may the nurse share that would be helpful? You should severely restrict your fluid intake. You do not need to modify your alcohol intake because alcohol does not increase gout attacks. You do not need to lose weight. Excess weight does not worsen gout. You should reduce your intake of red meats.
You should reduce your intake of red meats.
Which of the following is appropriate discharge instruction for a patient recently diagnosed with osteomyelitis? Increase your activity level back to normal as soon as possible. Unless further symptoms develop, no further follow-up in needed. You must be on bed rest for at least three months for healing to reach completion. You will need to be evaluated every three months to prevent relapse.
You will need to be evaluated every three months to prevent relapse.
A child needs open reduction with internal fixation for a tibia fracture. How would the nurse explain this process to the parents? Your child will have hardware inserted internally to aid in the healing of the bone. Your child will wear an immobilization cast. Your child will have surgery to insert hardware to help bone healing; portions of the hardware will remain outside the body. Your child will have a removable splint to aid in healing.
Your child will have hardware inserted internally to aid in the healing of the bone.
