NSC 170 Exam 2 (5.3)

In response to rapidly declining blood glucose levels, the body secretes the hormone epinephrine, which is also called

adrenalin

______cells of people with type 2 diabetes usually produce insulin

beta

There is no way to prevent type ___ diabetes. However, you may reduce your risk of type ____diabetes

1,2

______ to____ mg/dl indicate pre-diabetes

100- 125

_____ mg/dl or more indicate diabetes

126

about ___ to ____% have type 1

5-10

_____ to _____ mg/dl are normal

70-99

value determined by multiplying the glycemic index of a carbohydrate-containing food by the amount of carbohydrate in a typical serving of the food

glycemic load (GL)

condition that occurs when the blood glucose level is abnormally low (below 70 mg/dl

hypoglycemia

A person with type 1 diabetes must obtain ________ by injections or via a device that's commonly called an "insulin pump."

insulin

Such diseases occur when certain immune system cells don't recognize the body's own insulin-producing cells of the pancreas.As a result, the immune system cells attack and destroy the pancreatic cells.

type 1

what are the two types of diabetes mellitus

type 1 and type 2

The fetus of a woman with poorly controlled _________________ receives too much glucose from its mother. As a result, the fetus gains weight rapidly and can be abnormally heavy at birth.

gestational diabetes

measure of the body's blood glucose response after eating a food that supplies 50 g of digestible carbohydrates as compared to a standard amount of glucose or white bread

glycemic index (GI)

the compound in red blood cells that carries oxygen

hemoglobin

to determine their patients' average blood glucose levels over the past 2 to 3 months Physicians will measure _______

hemoglobin A1c

People with type 1 diabetes tend to also have

increased appetite with weight loss, breath that smells like fruit, fatigue, confusion.

inability to digest lactose properly, people don't produce enough lactase, the enzyme that breaks down lactose into glucose and galactose

lactose intolerance

condition that increases risk of CVD

metabolic syndrome

the body's cells are insulin-resistant, which means they don't respond properly to the hormone. As a result, the blood glucose level rises to abnormal levels, and the signs of diabetes occur.

type 2

group of serious chronic diseases characterized by abnormal glucose, fat, and protein metabolism

diabetes mellitus

people with diabetes should strive to maintain their HbA1c level below____

7%