NTR 108 - Week 14

Athletes participating in an intense competition lasting more than one hour should drink __________.

a beverage containing protein, carbohydrate, and fluid, such as chocolate milk, after a workout

Currently, the best known treatment of eating disorders is __________.

a team-management approach (The most effective approach would involve a physician, a psychologist, and a nutritionist working together, as well as support from family and others.)

Bulimia nervosa is characterized by __________.

extreme overeating (binging) followed by compensating behavior (purging

To fuel physical activity, cells may use ATP and creatine phosphate stored in muscle, or they may rely on glycolysis or the TCA cycle to supply ATP. Which energy system is used, in turn, determines the extent to which each macronutrient (glucose, fatty acids, and/or amino acids) serves as fuel. Fill in the blank about the metabolic processes cells use to fuel physical activity. The primary fuel the body uses during a long event of low intensity (like a 4-hour walk) is ___________.

fatty acids (The breakdown of fatty acids is relatively slow, but it yields more ATP per molecule than the aerobic breakdown of glucose. Fatty acids are aerobically metabolized by the TCA cycle.)

Which grouping of signs and symptoms is associated with anorexia nervosa?

fear of gaining weight, amenorrhea, and nutrient deficiency

Which of the following symptoms is characteristic of bulimia nervosa?

frequent episodes of extreme overeating followed by purging

To improve fitness, a person needs to reach an appropriate "overload," or extra physical demand on the body. A good way to achieve this is to utilize the FITT principle when designing an exercise program. Choose the statement below that correctly describes the FITT principle.

Type of activity refers to the range of activities (such as running for cardiorespiratory fitness and yoga for flexibility) a person can participate in to promote health and fitness. (FITT stands for frequency, intensity, time of activity, and type of activity.)

The female athlete triad consists of three conditions, including low energy availability/level, low bone density, and __________.

amenorrhea (menstrual disruption)

All of the following factors are thought to contribute to disordered eating behaviors EXCEPT __________.

an individual's BMI in late childhood, prior to puberty

Disordered eating is __________.

any of a variety of unusual eating behaviors that people use to control their body weight

Devin frequently comes home from campus, eats dinner, then over the course of the evening's studying consumes whatever ready-to-eat food—cookies, ice cream, chips, breakfast cereal, etc.—is in the house. When the food runs out, she stops, brushes her teeth, and goes to bed disgusted with herself. Since the beginning of her first year in college, she has gained 45 pounds and charged hundreds of dollars on her credit card for sweets and snack foods. Devin would MOST likely be diagnosed with __________.

binge-eating disorder

For recovery after an intense workout, a trained athlete should __________.

consume fluids or foods that contain more carbohydrate than protein, fluid, and minerals including calcium and electrolytes to replenish nutrients lost during exercise

All of the following describe characteristics of the female athlete triad EXCEPT __________.

diabetes mellitus

Which of the following is NOT associated with binge-eating disorder?

purging

Binge-eating disorder is common in men.

true

Which of the following sports is frequently associated with its female athletes being at risk for developing the female athlete triad?

gymnastics (Athletics that encourage low body weight increase the risk.)

The loss of the menstrual cycle among female athletes __________.

indicates the athletes are not eating enough to cover the energy costs of their training and daily living (Low body weight causes a reduction in reproductive ability.)

Fluid needs are higher during periods of physical activity, and consuming sufficient fluid before, during, and after exercise is necessary to prevent dehydration and heat-related illnesses. Physically active individuals also have higher requirements for certain micronutrients, such as B-vitamins and iron. Complete the sentence about iron requirements. Among physically active people and athletes in training, iron deficiency ___________.

is a significant risk for physically active females (Physically active individuals have higher fluid, thiamine, riboflavin, and vitamin B6 requirements, all of which can easily be met through dietary intake alone. Many active individuals also have higher iron requirements. Female athletes and vegetarian athletes may require an iron supplement.)

Chocolate milk may beneficial as a post-workout drink for some individuals because __________.

it contains amino acids utilized for repairing and building muscle mass, water to rehydrate the body, and carbohydrates for glycogenesis

Which of the following statements about treatment of eating disorders is true?

Nutrition counseling is an important aspect of effective inpatient and outpatient treatment for eating disorders.

Which of the following statements about syndromes involving disordered eating is TRUE?

The female athlete triad is a syndrome characterized by low energy availability, menstrual dysfunction, and a low bone density that increases the risk for fractures.

When physical activity increases, energy requirements increase also. Depending on the type, intensity, and duration of physical activity, the body's requirements for certain macronutrients may change as well. From the list below, choose all the correct statements about the effects of increased physical activity or athletic training.

-How much additional energy an athlete needs depends on the specific activity the athlete engages in and the frequency of the activity. -Athletes who are following energy-restricted diets are at risk for consuming insufficient protein. -An athlete who weighs 70 kg (154 lb) should consume 420 to 700 g of carbohydrate per day. (Recommended intake of carbohydrate is 6 to 10 g of carbohydrate per 1 kg body weight per day. Although the recommended intake for protein is higher for athletes than for nonathletes, most athletes have no difficulty meeting their higher protein requirements through dietary intake alone. Recommendations for fat and saturated fat are the same for athletes as for nonathletes.)

Regular physical activity not only helps improve overall health and fitness, but it can also reduce the risk of developing certain chronic health conditions and can help manage existing health conditions. Complete the sentence about health benefits of regular physical activity. A regular physical activity regimen ___________.

-can improve sleep patterns and improve immune function -decreases the risk of obesity (Regular exercise can reduce the risk of obesity, heart disease, and diabetes. It can also help with sleep, anxiety, depression, and immune function.)

The optimal window for post-exercise recovery to replenish nutrients lost during training begins __________.

within 30 minutes after exercise