Nu 325 GI Assignment prep u

Ingestion of strong acids, overuse of aspirin, irritating foods

A nursing student is caring for a client with gastritis. Which of the following would the student recognize as a common cause of gastritis? Choose all that apply. Ingestion of strong acids Overuse of aspirin DASH diet Irritating foods Participation in highly competitive sports

Appendicitis

A patient arrives in the emergency department with complaints of right lower abdominal pain that began 4 hours ago and is getting worse. The nurse assesses rebound tenderness at McBurney's point. What does this assessment data indicate to the nurse? Ulcerative colitis Diverticulitis Appendicitis Crohn's disease

Protrusion of the upper stomach into the lower portion of the thorax.

A patient has been diagnosed with a hiatal hernia. The nurse explains the diagnosis to the patient and his family by telling them that a hernia is a (an): Extension of the esophagus through an opening in the diaphragm. Involution of the esophagus, which causes a severe stricture. Twisting of the duodenum through an opening in the diaphragm. Protrusion of the upper stomach into the lower portion of the thorax.

Hang a solution of dextrose 10% and water until the new solution is available.

A patient is receiving parenteral nutrition. The current solution is nearing completion, and a new solution is to be hung, but it has not arrived from the pharmacy. Which action by the nurse would be most appropriate? Hang a solution of dextrose 10% and water until the new solution is available. Begin an infusion of normal saline in another site to maintain hydration. Slow the current infusion rate so that it will last until the new solution arrives. Have someone go to the pharmacy to obtain the new solution.

Endoscopy

A physician suspects that a client has peptic ulcer disease. With which of the following diagnostic procedures would the nurse most likely prepare to assist? Barium study of the upper gastrointestinal tract Stool antigen test Gastric secretion study Endoscopy

Right lateral decubitus position

After undergoing a liver biopsy, a client should be placed in which position? Right lateral decubitus position Supine position Prone position Semi-Fowler's position

Inflammation of all layers of intestinal mucosa

Crohn's disease is a condition of malabsorption caused by which pathophysiological process? Gastric resection Inflammation of all layers of intestinal mucosa Disaccharidase deficiency Infectious disease

Peritonitis

Post appendectomy, a nurse should assess the patient for abdominal rigidity and tenderness, fever, loss of bowel sounds, and tachycardia, all clinical signs of: An ileus. A pelvic abscess. An abscess under the diaphragm. Peritonitis

"These medications decrease gastric acidity and volume."

The nurse is working in the preoperative area with a client going to surgery for a cholecystectomy. The client has histamine2-receptor antagonists ordered preoperatively. The client asks the nurse why these medications are needed. What would be the nurse's best answer? "These medications decrease gastric acidity and volume." "These medications decrease the amount of anesthesia you will need." "These medications decrease anxiety before surgery." "These medications slow motor activity."

Change in bowel habits

Which is the most common presenting symptom of colon cancer? Change in bowel habits Weight loss Anorexia Fatigue

The client will be monitored closely to detect malignant changes.

A client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has a diagnosis of Barrett esophagus with minor cell changes. What principle should be integrated into the client's subsequent care? Antacids may be discontinued when symptoms of heartburn subside. Liver enzymes must be checked regularly, as H2 receptor antagonists may cause hepatic damage. The client will be monitored closely to detect malignant changes. Small amounts of blood are likely to be present in the stools and are not cause for concern.

Infection typically occurs due to ingestion of contaminated food and water.

A nurse is assessing a client who has peptic ulcer disease. The client requests more information about the typical causes of Helicobacter pylori infection. What would it be appropriate for the nurse to instruct the client? Infection typically occurs due to ingestion of contaminated food and water. Most affected clients acquired the infection during international travel. The H. pylori microorganism is endemic in warm, moist climates. Many people possess genetic factors causing a predisposition to H. pylori infection.

Diarrhea, diaphoresis, and tachycardia

A nurse is assessing a patient receiving tube feedings and suspects dumping syndrome. Which of the following would lead the nurse to suspect this? Select all that apply. Diarrhea Hypertension Diaphoresis Tachycardia Decreased bowel sounds

Fried chicken

A nurse is assisting with serving dinner trays on the unit. Upon receiving the dinner tray for a client admitted with acute gallbladder inflammation, the nurse will question which of the following foods on the tray? Tapioca pudding Mashed potatoes Fried chicken Dinner roll

peptic ulcer disease.

A nurse is caring for a client who is undergoing a diagnostic workup for a suspected GI problem. The client reports gnawing epigastric pain following meals and heartburn. The nurse suspects the client has: diverticulitis. ulcerative colitis. peptic ulcer disease. appendicitis.

Paracentesis

A nurse is gathering equipment and preparing to assist with a sterile bedside procedure to withdraw fluid from a client's abdomen. The procedure tray contains the following equipment: trocar, syringe, needles, and drainage tube. The client is placed in he high Fowler position and a blood pressure cuff is secured around the arm in preparation for which procedure? Paracentesis Abdominal ultrasound Liver biopsy Dialysis

Encourage plenty of fluids

A nurse is preparing a client with Crohn's disease for a barium enema. What should the nurse do the day before the test? Serve the client his usual diet. Encourage plenty of fluids. Order a high-fiber diet. Serve dairy products.

dumping syndrome

A nurse is providing follow-up teaching at a clinic visit for a client recovering from gastric resection. The client reports sweating, diarrhea, nausea, palpitations, and the desire to lie down 15 to 30 minutes after meals. The nurse suspects the client has: peritonitis. a normal reaction to surgery. dumping syndrome. dehiscence of the surgical wound.

Liver biopsy

A client is being prepared to undergo laboratory and diagnostic testing to confirm the diagnosis of cirrhosis. Which test would the nurse expect to be used to provide definitive confirmation of the disorder? Radioisotope liver scan Magnetic resonance imaging Coagulation studies Liver biopsy

Use semi-Fowler position during, and 60 minutes after, an intermittent feeding.

A client receives tube feedings after an oral surgery. The nurse manages tube feedings to minimize the risk of aspiration. Which measure should the nurse include in the care plan to reduce the risk of aspiration? Change the tube feeding container ,tubing, and adjust patient head of bed . Use semi-Fowler position during, and 60 minutes after, an intermittent feeding. Administer 15 to 30 mL of water before and after medications and feedings. Avoid cessation of feedings and adjust patient head of bed.

Acute gastritis

A client reports to the clinic, stating that she rapidly developed headache, abdominal pain, nausea, hiccuping, and fatigue about 2 hours ago. For dinner, she ate buffalo chicken wings and beer. Which of the following medical conditions is most consistent with the client's presenting problems? Duodenal ulcer Gastric cancer Acute gastritis Gastric ulcer

severe abdominal pain with direct palpation or rebound tenderness.

Nursing assessment of a client with peritonitis reveals hypotension, tachycardia, and signs and symptoms of dehydration. The nurse also expects to find: severe abdominal pain with direct palpation or rebound tenderness. jaundice and vomiting. tenderness and pain in the right upper abdominal quadrant. rectal bleeding and a change in bowel habits.

Notify the physician.

The nurse is admitting a patient with a diagnosis of diverticulitis and assesses that the patient has a boardlike abdomen, no bowel sounds, and complains of severe abdominal pain. What is the nurse's first action? Start an IV with lactated Ringer's solution. Administer an opioid analgesic. Notify the physician. Administer a retention enema.

Prothrombin time (PT)

The nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for a percutaneous liver biopsy. Which diagnostic test is obtained prior? Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) Complete blood count (CBC) Prothrombin time (PT) Blood chemistry

presents with a rigid, boardlike abdomen.

Which client requires immediate nursing intervention? The client who: presents with ribbonlike stools. presents with a rigid, boardlike abdomen. complains of epigastric pain after eating. complains of anorexia and periumbilical pain.

The stools may be a white or clay colored.

Which nursing instruction is correct to provide the client following a barium enema? Sips of fluid may be increased if tolerated. An enema will be used to clear the bowel. The client will maintain a low residue diet. The stools may be a white or clay colored.

"I'll eat frequent, small, bland meals that are high in fiber."

A client is diagnosed with a hiatal hernia. Which statement indicates effective client teaching about hiatal hernia and its treatment? "I'll lie down immediately after a meal." "I'll eat three large meals every day without any food restrictions." "I'll eat frequent, small, bland meals that are high in fiber." "I'll gradually increase the amount of heavy lifting I do."

Sudden, severe upper abdominal pain

Which of the following are signs/symptoms of perforation? Hypertension Bradycardia Sudden, severe upper abdominal pain Soft abdomen

Omeprazole

Which of the following medications is classified as a proton pump inhibitor (PPI)? Ranitidine Cimetidine Famotidine Omeprazole

Upright at the edge of the bed

Which position should be used for a client undergoing a paracentesis? Trendelenburg Prone Supine Upright at the edge of the bed

Acute pain related to biliary spasms

A client is evaluated for severe pain in the right upper abdominal quadrant, which is accompanied by nausea and vomiting. The physician diagnoses acute cholecystitis and cholelithiasis. For this client, which nursing diagnosis takes top priority? Acute pain related to biliary spasms Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements related to biliary inflammation Deficient knowledge related to prevention of disease recurrence Anxiety related to unknown outcome of hospitalization

Six small meals daily with 120 mL fluid between meals

A client is recovering from gastric surgery. Toward what goal should the nurse progress the client's enteral intake? Three meals and three snacks and 120 mL fluid daily Six small meals and 120 mL fluid daily Six small meals daily with 120 mL fluid between meals Three meals and 120 ml fluid daily

common bile duct, pancreatic duct, and biliary tree

A client is scheduled to have an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Which structures are visualized during this procedure? common bile duct, pancreatic duct, and biliary tree common bile duct, portal vein, and gallbladder portal vein, pancreatic duct, and biliary tree portal vein, gallbladder, and pancreatic duct

Ulcerative colitis

A client presents to the emergency department with complaints of acute GI distress, bloody diarrhea, weight loss, and fever. Which condition in the family history is most pertinent to the client's current health problem? Ulcerative colitis Hypertension Gastroesophageal reflux disease Appendicitis

Peritonitis

Diagnostic imaging and physical assessment have revealed that a client with peptic ulcer disease has suffered a perforated ulcer. The nurse recognizes that emergency interventions must be performed as soon as possible in order to prevent the development of what complication? Gastroesophageal reflux Gastritis Peritonitis Acute pancreatitis

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

What test should the nurse prepare the client for that will locate stones that have collected in the common bile duct? Abdominal x-ray Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) Cholecystectomy Colonoscopy

Regurgitation and aspiration are less likely.

A client who suffered a stroke had an NG tube inserted to facilitate feeding shortly after admission. The client has since become comatose and the client's family asks the nurse why the physician is recommending the removal of the client's NG tube and the insertion of a gastrostomy tube. What is the nurse's best response? Feeds can be infused at a faster rate. Regurgitation and aspiration are less likely. It eliminates the risk for infection. It allows caregivers to provide personal hygiene more easily.

Serum antibodies for H. pylori

The nurse is instructing the client who was newly diagnosed with peptic ulcers. Which of the following diagnostic studies would the nurse anticipate reviewing with the client? A complete blood count including differential Gastric analysis Serum antibodies for H. pylori A sigmoidoscopy

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy

The nurse is working in a diagnostic testing unit focusing on gastrointestinal studies. For which testing procedure is the nurse correct to assess the gag reflex before offering fluids? Sigmoidoscopy Esophagogastroduodenoscopy Colonoscopy Peritoneoscopy

Drink 8 to 10 glasses of fluid daily.

The nurse is conducting discharge teaching for a client with diverticulosis. Which instruction should the nurse include in the teaching? Avoid daily exercise. Use laxatives weekly. Avoid unprocessed bran. Drink 8 to 10 glasses of fluid daily.