NUR 1050 Fundamentals II Ch 2 Theory reasearch and EBP
A nurse is reading a research article from a nursing journal. The nurse is aware that the opening paragraph summarizing the article and the research findings is a good place to start. What part of the article is the nurse reading?
Abstract
Which criterion is not used for critically evaluating websites when doing a literature review?
Accessibility
A nurse researcher ensures that a research subject's privacy is protected by which method? Select all that apply.
Anonymity Confidentiality
A community health nurse has been visiting a diabetic client whose morning fasting glucose levels are constantly elevated. Upon further assessment, the nurse determines that the client's spouse does not understand how to prepare meals following the prescribed diabetic diet. Using Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Theory, how can the nurse help meet the needs of this client?
Arrange an evaluation appointment with a dietitian.
A nurse subscribes to the Basic Needs theory. Which action by the nurse exemplifies this theory?
Assisting the client to the bedside commode
Knowledge gained from someone with a great deal of perceived experience is which type of knowledge?
Authoritative knowledge
A nursing theorist studies health care systems in communities. Which statement accurately describes a characteristic of these systems?
Boundaries separate health care systems both from each other and from the environment.
A group of objects with relationships is which?
Concept
An abstract idea or object that relates to other abstract ideas or objects is which?
Concept
A nursing theory differs from a theoretical framework in which way?
Concepts and propositions are more specific
A nurse researcher develops a foreground question in preparation for conducting a research study. The question is: "In clients with intravenous catheters, how does replacing administration sets every 72 hours (h) compared with other frequent intervals (24h, 48h, or 96h) decrease infection rates?" Applying the PICO framework, which part of the statement reflects the "O"?
Decrease infection rates
Which is a focus of medical research rather than nursing research?
Drug metabolism
A nurse who works in a pediatric practice assesses the developmental level of children of various ages to determine their psychosocial development. These assessments are based on the work of:
Erikson.
What nursing activity forms the bridge between theory and practice?
Evidence-based research
Which activity best helps the nurse apply theory to practice?
Evidence-based research
A nurse researcher is examining the cause-and-effect relationship between the consumption of tap water containing minimal amounts of bleach, and the incidence of cancer in rats. The research is taking place in a laboratory setting. What type of quantitative research is being used based upon this description?
Experimental research
Who is considered to be the first nursing theorist who conceptualized nursing in terms of manipulating the environment?
Florence Nightingale
A nursing theorist examines a hospital environment by studying each ward and how it works individually, and then relates this information to the hospital as a whole working entity. This is an example of the use of which theory?
General systems theory
Which theory emphasizes the relationships between the whole and the parts, and describes how parts function and behave?
General systems theory
The nurse researcher is aware that the type of variable that can be manipulated in a study is which type of variable?
Independent
What is the process of considering a group of specific ideas and then drawing conclusions that relate to a general idea?
Inductive reasoning
A nurse is reviewing nursing theory for usefulness in a home healthcare setting. Which is the appropriate application of Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Model in a home healthcare setting?
Match the client's self-care needs with appropriate supportive interventions.
A nurse is planning to conduct a nursing research study and is seeking federal funding. Which institution would be most helpful for the nurse to contact regarding acquiring funding?
National Institute of Nursing Research
What is the best explanation for the way evidence-based practice (EBP) has changed the way nursing care is delivered?
Nursing care now uses EBP as a means of ensuring quality care.
Which activity systematically inquires about the problems encountered in nursing practice and into the modalities of client care?
Nursing research Knowledge gained from someone with a great deal of perceived experience is which type of knowledge? Authoritative knowledge
Which theory describes, explains, predicts, and controls outcomes in nursing practice?
Nursing theory
The focus of nursing is always on which of the four common concepts in nursing theory?
Person
Which are core concepts in nursing theory? (Select all that apply.)
Person (client) Environment Health Nursing
A group of nurses is planning to investigate the effectiveness of turning immobilized stroke clients more frequently in order to prevent skin breakdown. The team has begun by formulating a PICO question. Which element will the "O" in the team's PICO question refer to?
Preventing skin breakdown
When following evidence-based practice, a nurse's actions are based on which sources of information? (Select all that apply.)
Published research National standards National guidelines Targeted literature
What type of research study would a hospital conduct to explore clients' and families' perceptions of receiving care?
Qualitative
The nurse researcher would like to gather data about the attitudes of young adults on spirituality and health care. What is the most effective form of research on this topic?
Qualitative research
A nurse researcher must decide on the method for conducting the research. The researcher that plans to emphasize collection of numerical data and analysis would select which method of research?
Quantitative research
A nurse is discussing dietary issues with a Latino client in the clinic. The client states, "My grandmother always told me that I needed to include beans in my diet so that my muscles would grow." The information that the client is expressing is known as what?
Traditional knowledge
A nurse is reading a journal article about evidence-based practice. The nurse understands that this practice is an outcome of which type of research?
Translational
Which aspect of the nursing research process addresses a client's understanding of the potential risks and benefits of the study?
Undergoing the informed consent process with the client
A nurse is preparing to conduct a research study and uses the PICO format to develop the foreground question which is: "In adults, does reducing salt intake, compared to no change in salt intake, lower blood pressure?" The nurse identifies the "P" as:
adults.
The National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) was established following a study in 1983. The center's purpose is to:
promote research for health promotion.
A nurse is searching the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for information about evidence-based practice related to pain control measures. The nurse searches this database based on the understanding that these reviews reflect which type of research?
randomized, controlled trials
Evidence-based care emphasizes decision making based on the best available evidence and:
use of outcome studies to guide decisions.
A nurse develops the following foreground question using the PICOT format in preparation for a research study: "In overweight clients, how do chromium supplements compared to no supplements help with weight loss?" Which part of the question reflects the intervention?
Chromium supplements
Place the steps of evidence-based practice in the correct order.
Design a question related to a clinical area of interest. Collect the most relevant and best evidence available. Critically evaluate the collected evidence. Integrate the evidence with clinical expertise, client preferences, and values as the decision is made to make a change. Evaluate the decision or change.
When looking at a model for evidence-based practice, what is the final step of the process?
Evaluating practice change
Which represents the basic framework of the research process?
Nursing process
A nurse is discussing dietary issues with a Latino client in the clinic. The client states, "I read a research article about the importance of beans in the Latino diet. The findings from the study suggested that inclusion of meat and beans in the diet would help in the development of muscles and bones." The information that the client is expressing is known as what?
Scientific knowledge
The second step in implementation of evidence-based practice includes systematic review. To complete a systematic review of the literature, what must the nurse do?
Summarize findings from multiple studies that are related to a particular nursing practice.
One of the primary reasons for conducting nursing research is to:
generate knowledge to guide practice.
In order for the nurse to be able to apply the knowledge that has been obtained in the formal education process, which theory would best break whole concepts into parts and then determine how the parts would work together as a whole?
General systems theory
A nurse working in a long-established hospital learned a specific approach to administering intravenous injections from the previous generation of nurses at the hospital. This is an example of which type of knowledge?
Traditional knowledge
A novice nurse is sharing a newly published research article which outlines a different approach in preventing a wound infection after surgery with a colleague and states the nurse is going to try this new method. Which is the best response from the colleague?
Wait until the method is analyzed to ensure it will be appropriate for their clients.
Nurses in an ICU noticed that their clients required fewer interventions for pain when the ICU was quiet. They then asked a researcher to design a study about the effects of noise on the pain levels of hospitalized clients. How does this demonstrate the ultimate goal of expanding the nursing body of knowledge?
Nursing research helps improve ways to promote and maintain health.
What are the primary purposes for conducting research in nursing? Select all that apply.
Provide a basis for best practice guidelines Provide a resource for evaluating care Develop new ways to improve assessment and diagnostic skills
A nurse researcher is involved in an experimental research study. Which component would the nurse researcher manipulate?
Independent variable
The nurse is preparing to submit a research project to the institutional review board (IRB). The nurse understands that if the IRB were to reject the research project, it would most likely be for which reason?
The project lacks sufficient safeguards to protect human subjects.
A nurse is planning to participate in a research project and is looking for information about what is already known about the topic. The nurse is involved in which step of the research process?
Scientific literature review What was the focus of nursing research during the first half of the twentieth century,? Nursing education