NUR 221A: Infection

A nurse is preparing to change a client's dressing. Which information should the nurse recall for using surgical asepsis? 1. keep the area free of microorganisms 2. protect self from microorganisms in the wound 3. confine the microorganisms to the surgical incision site 4. limit the number of opportunistic microorganisms to a minimum

1

What should be used to clean needles and syringes between intravenous drug users (IDUs)? 1. bleach 2. hot water 3. ammonia 4. rubbing alcohol

1

What are the symptoms of tuberculosis? Select all that apply. 1. fatigue 2. nausea 3. weight gain 4. low-grade fever 5. increased appetite

1, 2, 4

A nurse instills an antibiotic ophthalmic ointment into a newborn's eyes. What condition does this medication prevent? 1. herpetic ophthalmia 2. retinopathy of prematurity 3. ophthalmia neonatorum 4. hemorrhagic conjunctivitis

3

Which statement is true regarding Sjögren's syndrome? 1. sjogren's syndrome increases lacrimation 2. sjogren's syndrome increases body secretions 3. sjogren's syndrome decreases the risk for infeciton 4. sjogren's syndrome decreases the digestion of carbohydrates

4

A child is being treated with oral ampicillin for otitis media. What should be included in the discharge instructions that the nurse provides to the parents of the client? 1. complete the entire course of antibiotic therapy 2. herbal fever remedies are highly discouraged 3. administer the medication with meals 4. stop the antibiotic therapy when the child no longer has a fever

1

What determines if a client will develop AIDS from an HIV infection? 1. level of IgM in the blood 2. the number of CD4+ T cells available 3. presence of antigen-antibody complexes 4. speed with which the virus invades the RNA

2

A nurse is teaching a client about human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). What are the various ways HIV is transmitted? Select all that apply. 1. mosquito bites 2. sharing syringe needles 3. breastfeeding a newborn 4. kissing the infected partner 5. anal intercourse

2, 3, 5

An older client who is living in a nursing home is admitted to the hospital to be treated with intravenous antibiotics for sepsis. After the client becomes agitated and attempts to pull out the IV, the healthcare provider prescribes a stat dose of haloperidol 0.5 mg intramuscularly (IM). The haloperidol is available in a vial that contains 2 mg/mL. How much solution will the nurse administer? Record your answer using two decimal places. Include a leading zero if applicable. ___ mL

0.25 mL

A 16-year-old client has a steady boyfriend with whom she is having sexual relations. She asks the nurse how she can protect herself from contracting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Which guidance is most appropriate for the nurse to provide? 1. ask her partner to withdraw before ejaculating 2. make certain their relationship is monogamous 3. insist that her partner use a condom when having sex 4. seek counseling about various contraceptive methods

3

How would the nurse describe the exudate characteristic of a serosanguineous wound? 1. greenish-blue pus 2. creamy yellow pus 3. blood-tinged amber fluid 4. beige pus with a fishy odor

3

A client in a nursing home is diagnosed with urethritis. What should the nurse plan to do before initiating antibiotic therapy prescribed by the primary healthcare provider? 1. start a 24-hour urine collection 2. prepare for urinary catheterization 3. teach the client how to perform perineal care 4. obtain a urine specimen for culture and sensitivity

4

Which fungal infection does the client refer to as jock itch? 1. tinea pedis 2. tinea cruris 3. tinea corporis 4. tinea unguium

2

Which term describes the practice of placing clients with the same infection in a semi-private room? 1. isolating 2. cohorting 3. colonizing 4. cross-referencing

2

A client with localized redness and swelling due to a bee sting reports intense local pain, a burning sensation, and itching. What would be the most appropriate nursing action? 1. applying cold compresses to the affected area 2. ensuring the client keeps the skin clean and dry 3. monitoring for neurological and cardiac symptoms 4. advising the client to launder all clothes with bleach

1

A nurse is caring for a toddler who has undergone bone marrow transplantation. What clinical finding(s) should the nurse anticipate if an infection develops? 1. fever and lethargy 2. positive blood antibody titers 3. a delay in the growth of bone 4. neutropenia and lymphocytopenia

1

A chronically ill, older client tells the home care nurse that the daughter with whom the client lives seems run-down and disinterested in her own health, as well as the health of her children, who are 5, 7, and 12 years old. The client tells the nurse that the daughter coughs a good deal and sleeps a lot. Why is it important that the nurse pursue the daughter's condition for potential case findings? 1. tuberculosis has been rising dramatically in the general population 2. older adults with chronic illness are more susceptible to tuberculosis 3. there is a high incidence of tuberculosis in children less than 12 years of age 4. death from tuberculosis has been generally on the decrease in the United States (Canada)

2

A nurse is caring for a 9-year-old child who is undergoing chemotherapy to treat leukemia. What is the priority nursing action? 1. promoting optimum growth and development 2. using techniques to minimize risk of infection 3. encouraging food that will improve nutritional status 4. providing emotional support for the child and family members

2

During a pelvic examination of a 24-year-old woman, the nurse suspects a vaginal infection because of the presence of a white curdlike vaginal discharge. What other finding supports a fungal vaginal infection? 1. a foul odor 2. an itchy perineum 3. an ischemic cervix 4. a forgotten tampon

2

Which complication will the nurse suspect in a client with genital herpes disease? 1. infertility 2. cold sores 3. reactive arthritis 4. bartholin's abscess

2

After treatment for a bladder infection, a client asks whether there is anything she can do to prevent cystitis in the future. What is the best response by the nurse? 1. "avoid regular use of tampons" 2. "decrease your intake of prune juice" 3. "increase your daily fluid consumption" 4. "cleanse the perineum from back to front"

3

An older client with a history of congestive heart failure expresses concern about potential exposure to tuberculosis. The client states that a roommate at the extended care facility where the client resides sleeps a lot, coughs a great deal, and sometimes spits up blood. What is the primary reason that the nurse pursues more information about the roommate? 1. death from tuberculosis is on the increase 2. the roommate is causing the client to be anxious 3. older adults with chronic illness are affected adversely by tuberculosis 4. the roommate most likely is preventing the client from getting proper sleep

3

The client reports crumbly, discolored, and thickened toenails. What could be the possible reason for this condition? 1. allergy 2. insect bite 3. fungal infection 4. bacterial infection

3

What would be the drug of choice for a client who is diagnosed with chlamydia? 1. imiquimod 2. caftriaxone 3. azithromycin 4. benzathine penicillin

3