nur 2990 - prepu - oncologic disorders

Which is a growth-based classification of tumors? Carcinoma Leukemia Sarcoma Malignancy

Malignancy

In which phase of the cell cycle does cell division occur?

Mitosis

The nurse working on a bone marrow unit knows that it is a priority to monitor which of the following in a client who has just undergone a bone marrow transplant? Monitor the client's physical condition. Monitor the client closely to prevent infection. Monitor the client's heart rate. Monitor the client's toilet patterns.

Monitor the client closely to prevent infection.

The nurse working on a bone marrow unit knows that it is a priority to monitor which of the following in a client who has just undergone a stem cell transplant? Monitor the client's physical condition. Monitor the client's heart rate. Monitor the client closely to prevent infection. Monitor the client's toilet patterns.

Monitor the client closely to prevent infection.

A nurse is receiving a client with a radioactive implant for the treatment of cervical cancer. What is the nurse's best action? Place the client in a private room. Place a chair next to the bed to allow the spouse to sit. Allow visitors to telephone only. Have visitors wear dosimeters for safety.

Place the client in a private room.

You are a clinic nurse. One of your clients has found she is at high risk for breast cancer. She asks you what can be done to reduce her risk. What is a means of reducing the risk for breast cancer? Prophylactic surgery Curative surgery Palliative surgery Reduction surgery

Prophylactic surgery

A nurse assesses an oncology client with stomatitis during a chemotherapy session. Which nursing intervention would most likely decrease the pain associated with stomatitis? Monitor the client's platelet and leukocyte counts. Provide a solution of viscous lidocaine for use as a mouth rinse. Recommend that the client discontinue chemotherapy. Check regularly for signs and symptoms of stomatitis.

Provide a solution of viscous lidocaine for use as a mouth rinse.

After being seen in the oncology clinic, a client with severe bone marrow suppression is admitted to the hospital. The client's cancer therapy consisted of radiation and chemotherapy. When developing the care plan for this client, which nursing diagnosis takes priority? Anxiety Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements Risk for infection Risk for injury

Risk for infection

A client is receiving chemotherapy to treat breast cancer. Which assessment finding indicates a chemotherapy-induced complication? Serum potassium level of 2.6 mEq/L Sodium level of 142 mEq/L Urine output of 400 ml in 8 hours Blood pressure of 120/64 to 130/72 mm Hg

Serum potassium level of 2.6 mEq/L -side effect of fluid/electrolyte balances from nausea/vomiting

A client receiving treatment for a terminal illness develops cancer-related anorexia-cachexia syndrome (CACS). Which interventions will the nurse add to this client's plan of care? Select all that apply. Encourage the client to eat three meals per day. Remind the client to avoid alcoholic beverages at mealtimes. Suggest foods that are high in calories and protein. Remove unpleasant sights and odors before meals. Limit the intake of fluids during meals.

Suggest foods that are high in calories and protein. Remove unpleasant sights and odors before meals. Limit the intake of fluids during meals.

What primary prevention intervention(s) would the nurse include in a client's nursing plan of care? Select all that apply. Arranging for a screening mammogram Teaching about the importance of applying sunscreen Discussing smoking cessation strategies Recommending a yearly Pap test Discussing the importance of testicular self-examination

Teaching about the importance of applying sunscreen Discussing the importance of testicular self-examination

A newly diagnosed cancer client is crying and states the following to the nurse: "I promised God that I will be a better person if I can just get better." What is the appropriate assessment of this comment by the nurse? Loss is inevitable so client is making final plans. The cancer is viewed as a punishment from past actions. The client is just trying to protect self from potential loss. Anger directed toward nursing staff is not unusual in dealing with cancer clients.

The cancer is viewed as a punishment from past actions.

A nurse is caring for a client with prostate cancer and assesses bleeding gums and hematuria. What serum indicator should the nurse relate the bleeding? lymphocyte count of 30% platelet count of 60,000/mm3 neutrophil count of 40% reticulocyte count of 1%

platelet count of 60,000/mm3

The nurse is invited to present a teaching program to parents of school-age children. Which topic would be of greatest value for decreasing cancer risks? Pool and water safety Breast and testicular self-exams Hand washing and infection prevention Sun safety and use of sunscreen

Sun safety and use of sunscreen

myelosuppresion

to stop production/proliferation of bone marrow cells

A client is recovering from a craniotomy with tumor debulking. Which comment by the client indicates to the nurse a correct understanding of what the surgery entailed? "I am so glad the doctor was able to remove the entire tumor." "Thank goodness the tumor is contained and curable." "I will be glad to finally be done with treatments for this thing." "I guess the doctor could not remove the entire tumor."

"I guess the doctor could not remove the entire tumor."

The oncology nurse is giving chemotherapy to a client in a short stay area. The client confides that they are very depressed. The nurse recognizes depression as which of the following? A normal reaction to the diagnosis of cancer. A side effect of the neoplastic drugs. A psychiatric diagnosis everyone has at one time or another. An aberrant psychologic reaction to the chemotherapy.

A normal reaction to the diagnosis of cancer.

Following surgery for adenocarcinoma, the client learns the tumor stage is T3,N1,M0. What treatment mode should the nurse anticipate? No further treatment is indicated. Adjuvant therapy is likely. Palliative care is likely. Repeat biopsy is needed before treatment begins.

Adjuvant therapy is likely. -treatment IS needed -'adjuvant' = chemotherapy or radiation therapy

When addressing a community group, the nurse identifies consumption of which substance(s) as a risk factor for the development of cancer? Select all that apply. Organic grown orange vegetables Alcohol Processed meats Tobacco Cruciferous vegetables

Alcohol Processed meats Tobacco

Which should a nurse thoroughly evaluate before a bone marrow transplant (BMT) procedure? Family history Blood studies Drug history Allergy history

Blood studies

An oncology nurse is caring for a client who relates that certain tastes have changed. The client states that "meat tastes bad." What nursing intervention can be used to increase protein intake for a client with taste changes? Suck on hard candy during treatment. Encourage maximum fluid intake. Encourage eating cheese, eggs, and legumes Stay away from protein beverages.

Encourage eating cheese, eggs, and legumes

A client with metastatic pancreatic cancer underwent surgery to remove a malignant tumor in the pancreas. Despite the tumor being removed, the physician informs the client that chemotherapy must be started. Why might the physician opt for chemotherapy? To prevent metastasis Fatigue Angiogenesis Stomatitis

To prevent metastasis

The client is diagnosed with a benign brain tumor. Which of the following features of a benign tumor is of most concern to the nurse? Random, rapid growth of the tumor Tumor pressure against normal tissues Cells colonizing to distant body parts Emission of abnormal proteins

Tumor pressure against normal tissues

Which of the following would be inconsistent as a common side effect of chemotherapy? Myelosuppression Fatigue Weight gain Alopecia

Weight gain

A client has been receiving chemotherapy to treat cancer. Which assessment finding suggests that the client has developed stomatitis? Rust-colored sputum Red, open sores on the oral mucosa White, cottage cheese-like patches on the tongue Yellow tooth discoloration

White, cottage cheese-like patches on the tongue

A nurse is performing a home visit for a client who received chemotherapy within the past 24 hours. The nurse observes a small child playing in the bathroom, where the toilet lid has been left up. Based on these observations, the nurse modifies the client's teaching plan to include: reinforcement of the client's medication regimen. signs and symptoms of infection. expected chemotherapy-related adverse effects. chemotherapy exposure and risk factors.

chemotherapy exposure and risk factors.

The nurse is working with a client who has had an allo-hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). The nurse notices a diffuse rash and diarrhea. The nurse contacts the physician to report that the client has symptoms of nadir. graft-versus-host disease. acute leukopenia. metastasis.

graft-versus-host disease.

A benign tumor of the blood vessels is a(n) chondroma. osteoma. hemangioma. neuroma.

hemangioma.

A nurse is caring for a client receiving chemotherapy. Which assessment finding places the client at the greatest risk for an infection? Stage 3 pressure ulcer on the left heel Ate 75% of all meals during the day Temperature of 98.3° F (36.8° C) White blood cell (WBC) count of 9,000 cells/mm3

Stage 3 pressure ulcer on the left heel -break in the skin's protective barrier -WBC is within normal limits

What foods should the nurse suggest that the patient consume less of in order to reduce nitrate intake because of the possibility of carcinogenic action? Green, leafy vegetables Fish and poultry Ham and bacon Eggs and milk

Ham and bacon

A client diagnosed with cancer has the tumor staged and graded based on what? How the tumor tends to grow and the cell type How the tumor differentiates the cell type How the tumor spreads and tends to grow How the tumor spreads and differentiates

How the tumor tends to grow and the cell type

What can the nurse do to meet the challenges in caring for a patient with cancer? Set the same goals for all patients with cancer. Tell the patient about the things the patient has done to cause cancer. Ensure that the patient has the financial means to afford their care. Identify own perception of cancer and set realistic goals.

Identify own perception of cancer and set realistic goals.

A client receiving chemotherapy has a nursing diagnosis of Deficient diversional activity related to decreased energy. Which client statement indicates an accurate understanding of appropriate ways to deal with this deficit? "I'll play card games with my friends." "I'll take a long trip to visit my aunt." "I'll bowl with my team after discharge." "I'll eat lunch in a restaurant every day."

"I'll play card games with my friends."

The nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for chemotherapy. Which is the best statement the nurse can make about the client experiencing chemotherapy-induced alopecia? "The hair loss is usually temporary." "New hair growth will return without any change to color or texture." "Clients with alopecia will have delay in grey hair." "Wigs can be used after the chemotherapy is completed."

"The hair loss is usually temporary."

A patient is scheduled for cryoablation for cervical cancer and tells the nurse, "I am not exactly sure what the surgeon is going to do." What is the best response by the nurse? "The surgeon is going to use medication to inject the area." "The surgeon is going to use liquid nitrogen to freeze the area." "The surgeon is going to use a laser to remove the area." "The surgeon is going to use radiofrequency to ablate the area."

"The surgeon is going to use liquid nitrogen to freeze the area."

While doing a health history, a client tells the nurse that their mother, grandmother, and sister died of cancer. The client wants to know what to do to keep from getting cancer. What would be the nurse's best response? "With your family history, there is nothing you can do to prevent getting cancer." "Cancer often skips a generation, so don't worry about it." "You can't prevent cancer, but you can have your blood analyzed for tumor markers to see what your risk level is." "If you eat right, exercise, and get enough rest, you can prevent breast cancer."

"You can't prevent cancer, but you can have your blood analyzed for tumor markers to see what your risk level is."

A young female client has received chemotherapeutic medications and asks about any effects the treatments will have related to her sexual health. The most appropriate statement by the nurse is "You will be unable to have children." "You will continue having your menses every month." "You will need to practice birth control measures." "You will experience menopause now."

"You will need to practice birth control measures."

After cancer chemotherapy, a client experiences nausea and vomiting. The nurse should assign highest priority to which intervention? Serving small portions of bland food Encouraging rhythmic breathing exercises Withholding fluids for the first 4 to 6 hours after chemotherapy administration Administering metoclopramide and dexamethasone as ordered

Administering metoclopramide and dexamethasone as ordered -"antiemetic, such as metoclopramide, and an anti-inflammatory agent, such as dexamethasone"

An oncology nurse is contributing to the care of a client who has failed to respond appreciably to conventional cancer treatments. As a result, the care team is considering the possible use of biologic response modifiers (BRMs). The nurse should know that these achieve a therapeutic effect by what means? Promoting the synthesis and release of leukocytes Potentiating the effects of chemotherapeutic agents and radiation therapy Altering the immunologic relationship between the tumor and the client Focusing the client's immune system exclusively on the tumor

Altering the immunologic relationship between the tumor and the client

The nurse is conducting a screening for familial predisposition to cancer. Which element should the nurse note as a possible indication of hereditary cancer syndrome? An aunt and uncle diagnosed with cancer Onset of cancer after age 50 in family member A second cousin diagnosed with cancer A first cousin diagnosed with cancer

An aunt and uncle diagnosed with cancer -two or more is notable

The nurse is providing client teaching for a client undergoing chemotherapy. What dietary modifications should the nurse advise? Eat wholesome meals. Eat warm or hot foods. Avoid intake of fluids. Avoid spicy and fatty foods.

Avoid spicy and fatty foods.

Which oncologic emergency involves the accumulation of fluid in the pericardial space? Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) Tumor lysis syndrome Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone release (SIADH) Cardiac tamponade

Cardiac tamponade

A nurse is planning caring for a client who has developed erythema following radiation therapy for a lesion on the left lower leg. Which intervention would the nurse include in the client's plan of care to best support skin recovery at the affected site? Periodically apply ice Keep the area cleanly shaven Apply an emollient immediately before treatment Cleanse with lukewarm water and pat dry Wear clothing that fits snugly

Cleanse with lukewarm water and pat dry -'erythema' = redness -'emollient' = moisturizing, smoothening

The nurse is conducting a community education program using the American Cancer Society's colorectal screening and prevention guidelines. The nurse determines that the participants understand the teaching when they identify that people over the age of 50 should have which screening test every 10 years? Colonoscopy Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) Fecal occult blood test Papanicolaou (Pap)

Colonoscopy

The nurse is conducting a community education program using the American Cancer Society's colorectal screening and prevention guidelines. The nurse determines that the participants understand the teaching when they identify that people over the age of 50 should have which screening test every 10 years? Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) Papanicolaou (Pap) Fecal occult blood test Colonoscopy

Colonoscopy

Which procedure uses liquid nitrogen to freeze tissue, thereby destroying cells? Electrosurgery Chemosurgery Cryoablation Laser surgery

Cryoablation

The drug interleukin-2 is an example of which type of biologic response modifier? Retinoids Monoclonal antibodies Antimetabolites Cytokine

Cytokine

A client with a nagging cough makes an appointment to see the physician after reading that this symptom is one of the seven warning signs of cancer. What is another warning sign of cancer? Indigestion Chronic ache or pain Persistent nausea Rash

Indigestion

When caring for an older client who is receiving external beam radiation, which is the key point for the nurse to incorporate into the plan of care? Avoid showering or washing over skin markings Time, distance, and shielding Inspect the skin frequently The use of disposable utensils and washcloths

Inspect the skin frequently

A client is diagnosed with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the stomach. The physician orders mitomycin and other chemotherapeutic agents for palliative treatment. How does mitomycin exert its cytotoxic effects? It inhibits deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis. It inhibits protein synthesis. It inhibits ribonucleic acid (RNA) synthesis. It's cell cycle-phase specific

It inhibits deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis.

A nurse is teaching a client about the rationale for administering allopurinol with chemotherapy. Which example would be the best teaching by the nurse? It treats drug-related anemia. It lowers serum and uric acid levels. It stimulates the immune system against the tumor cells. It prevents alopecia.

It lowers serum and uric acid levels.

A decrease in circulating white blood cells (WBCs) is referred to as Neutropenia Thrombocytopenia Leukopenia Granulocytopenia

Leukopenia