NUR231 chapter 24 PREPU

A client is admitted to the hospital with tuberculosis. Which statement by the nurse explains how to reduce the risk of transmission to others?

"All visitors who enter the room must wear special masks."

A pediatric client's caregiver states, "I will never give my child vaccinations." What is the priority nursing response?

"Help me understand your thoughts about vaccinations."

The nurse is caring for a client admitted with tuberculosis (TB). What would be the best action by the nurse?

Apply a nonparticulate (N-95) respirator when entering the room.

A nurse has finished providing care for a client who is on contact precautions. When removing the protective gown, the nurse should take which action?

Avoid touching the outer surfaces of the gown.

The nurse is preparing to don a gown to care for a client requiring contact precautions. When should the nurse don the gown?

Before entering the client's room

Upon review of a client's microbiology culture results, the nurse recognizes which organism as indicative of normal flora?

Escherichia coli in the intestinal tract -is normal in the intestinal tract but if this bacteria was to go into the urinary tract, it could cause a UTI

Which mask should the nurse don when caring for a client with tuberculosis?

Filtered respirator

An experienced nurse is teaching a student nurse about the proper use of hand hygiene. Which guideline should the nurse provide to the student?

Hand hygiene is needed after contact with objects near the client.

The nurse is caring for a postpartum mother who delivered her second child yesterday. The mother states that her older child has just been diagnosed with chickenpox. She is concerned that her newborn will develop the disease. What is the best response by the nurse?

Have you had chickenpox?"

The nurse must assign a room for a client admitted with endocarditis and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the blood. A client with which diagnosis can share a room with this client?

MRSA in the wound

The nurse is preparing a sterile field to change a dressing for a client with a surgical wound to the abdominal area. After observing the location of sterile supplies in the image, what is the next action by the nurse?

Obtain new supplies for the dressing change

What is the primary goal of the observable action associated with the removal of contaminated gloves?

Prevent contamination of ungloved hand

An older adult client is admitted into the hospital due to pneumonia. Which transmission-based precautions should the nurse initiate?

Standard

The nurse is preparing to enter a client's room who is on airborne precautions. Which technique should the nurse use when wearing a nonparticulate respirator (N-95) mask? Select all that apply.

The mask covers the nose and mouth. Replace the mask after 20-30 minutes. Tie the upper strings of mask snugly against back head.

The nurse is caring for a client who is hospitalized and has an indwelling urethral catheter. Which finding would most likely indicate the client has developed an infection?

Urine culture is positive for vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE).

The nurse is preparing to apply a prescription ointment to the client's wound. After reviewing the image, what is the most important step for the nurse to take?

Use a sterile cotton-tipped applicator to apply the prescription to the site

The nurse is providing an in-service educational program for the interprofessional health care team about infection control precautions. What teaching will the nurse include? Select all that apply

Wear personal protective equipment (PPE). Practice hand hygiene. Keep client's environment clean.

The nurse conducting a hand hygiene in-service determines that the participants need additional education when they state that the use of an alcohol-based hand rub is appropriate in which situation?

When hands are visibly soiled

Surgical asepsis is defined as:

absence of all microorganisms.

The nurse is caring for a client with tuberculosis. Which precautions will the nurse select for this client?

airborne

Which are the names of the transmission-based precautions defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)? Select all that apply.

airborne precautions contact precautions droplet precautions

The nurse is reviewing the plan of care for assigned clients. Which client has the highest risk for developing an infection?

an older adult client with a history of heart failure

The nurse is caring for a client with a draining abscess. Which precautions will the nurse begin?

contact

systematic infection

fever nausea/vomiting malaise possible confusion possible decreased LOC

portals of entry/exit

gastrointestinal respiratory blood and tissue breaks in skin genitourinary tract

The nurse is caring for a client who developed pneumonia while hospitalized. How will the nurse document this condition?

health care-associated infection (HCAI)

stages of infection

incubation: organism is growing prodromal stage: most infectious, vague and nonspecific signs of disease full stage of illness; presence of specific signs and symptoms of disease convalescent period: recovery from the infection

A nurse is taking stock of the equipment in the room of an older adult client with pneumonia who has been on parenteral nutrition for a long time. Which equipment can transmit infection to older adult clients?

indwelling catheter

chain of infection

infectious agent- bacteria, viruses, fungi reservoir- natural habitat of the organism portal of exit-point of escape for the organism mode of transmission-direct contact, indirect contact, airborne route portal of entry-point at which organisms enter a new host susceptible host- must overcome resistance mounted by hosts defenses

The nurse is receiving a confused client with a draining wound onto the medical-surgical unit. Which room assignment will the nurse make?

into a private room

common infectious agents: parasites

live on or in a host and rely on it for nourishment

common infectious agents: fungi

molds and yeasts -can cause infection -present in air, soil, and water

common infectious agents: bacteria

most common agent in the health care system can be categorized by shape, reaction to gram stain, need of oxygen

A nurse is taking care of a client with tuberculosis who has developed resistance to the ordered antibiotic. Which type of client is most likely at increased risk for infection?

older adult

A nursing student is donning sterile gloves to perform routine tracheostomy care for a client. Which behavior by the student would require immediate intervention from the instructor?

reaches down to the bed to pick up a sterile drape

cardinal signs of local infection

redness heat swelling pain loss of function

The nurse observes an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) collecting a urine specimen from a client with Staphylococcus aureus infection. Which action by the UAP would require the nurse to intervene?

removes gloves and walks out of the room

common infectious agents: viruses

smallest microorganisms- cause common cold and do not respond to antibiotics

A client has an inguinal hernia repair and later develops a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. What is the most important factor to prevent this infection?

surgical asepsis

A nurse is caring for a 55-year-old postoperative client. The client returns to the ICU after surgery intubated and mechanically ventilated with a Salem sump nasogastric tube, a Foley catheter, and a PICC line in place. Based on the nurse's knowledge of the most common hospital-acquired infections, which apparatus is most important to remove first?

urinary catheter

Which factor has contributed to resistant microbial strains?

use of antibiotics in clients with viral infections

Which is not appropriate regarding the use of gowns as PPE?

use of one gown per person per shift

A team of nurses is caring for a client with tuberculosis. They have not been fitted for N95 respirators. How will the team proceed with care?

utilize a powered air purifying respirator (PAPR)