Nursing as a Career Final study guide

Besides preparing for the NCLEX-RN, which one of the following strategies is suggested to help a student feel more at ease prior to taking the exam?

-Drive to the testing center prior to test day to become familiar with map directions and center location.

True or False? According to the American Nurses Association, a nurse should not reject a work assignment because of fatigue.

-False

NCLEX-RN test items that require the test taker to select an area on a diagram and then click the mouse to indicate the placement of an answer are called:

-Hot spot questions.

Which of the following groups reported the highest prevalence of smoking? a. -licensed practical (vocational) nurses b. Registered nurses c. Physicians d. physical therapists

-Licensed practical (vocational) nurses

Which one of the following agencies is responsible for the development of the NCLEX-RN?

-National Council of State Boards of Nursing

Which of the following is not an example of a healthy patient environment? a. access to views of nature b. listening to music to self-selected stories c.Rooms with no more than two patients per room d. architectural designs to promote interactions between mothers and preterm infants

-Rooms with no more than two patients per room

Which of the following is an example of a positive physical determinant of health for a registered nurse? a. gender b. laissez-faire charge nurse c. family history of heart disease d.-Safe working environment

-Safe working environment

Which of the following is considered to be a priority element of taking practice tests when preparing for the NCLEX-RN?

-Understanding the rationale of both correct and wrong answers

What is the maximum amount of time allowed to take the NCLEX-RN? a. No maximum time limit b. 3 hours c. 6 hours d. 8 hours

6 hours

If graduate nurses do not pass the NCLEX-RN, how long must they wait before retaking the exam? a. As soon as they are ready b. Six months c. Three weeks d. A minimum of 45 days

A minimum of 45 days

The National Student Nurses Association (NSNA) is organizationally governed through which type of structure? a. A national board of directors consisting of nursing faculty from across the U.S. b. The National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN) directs the activities of the NSNA c. A national student board elected by students from all U.S. schools of nursing d. A national student board elected by NSNA chapters located in member schools

A national student board elected by NSNA chapters located in member schools

A community health nurse plans to develop a health promotion program focusing on primary prevention. Which of the following activities is an appropriate primary prevention strategy? a. A walking program for seniors living in a retirement community b. A cardiovascular rehabilitation program for post myocardial infarction patients c. A transportation program to increase access to acute care facilities d. An educational program to promote breast mammograms

A walking program for seniors living in a retirement community

Which of the following is true about Associate Degree Programs in nursing? select all that apply a. ADN programs provided a way to enter nursing for men, married women, and mature students. b. ADN programs were developed in response to an acute nursing shortage. c. ADN programs were conceived by Mildred Montag as the topic of her doctoral dissertation. d. tests conducted during the 1950s indicated that graduates of ADN programs lacked the knowledge and technical skills to function as registered nurses.

ADN programs were established by Mildred montage as the topic of her doctoral dissertation ADN programs were developed in response to an acute nursing shortage ADN programs provided a way to enter nursing for men, married women, and mature students.

Which of the following is an effective way to assess client motivation for behavioral change? a. Asking whether the patient has thought about participating in an exercise program b. Explaining that as the patient's nurse practitioner, you recommend he loses weight c. Telling the patient he should be concerned about making dietary changes d. Asking whether the patient's spouse or significant other has suggested the patient change his unhealthy behavior

Asking whether the patient has thought about participating in an exercise program

Research that retrospectively compares the characteristics of one individual with certain medical conditions to another who does not have the medical condition is called: a. qualitative research b. empirical research c. RCT research d.Case-control studies

Case-control studies

Between which of the following pairs of entities do patient portals facilitate communication? a. Clinicians and patients b. Patients and caregivers c. Patients and insurers d. Clinicians and insurers

Clinicians and patients

Which of the following groups would least likely be considered a vulnerable population? a. Elderly residents in a long-term skilled facility b. New-born infants in a well-baby nursery c. College students residing in a dormitory d. Individuals with disabilities that impair mental cognition

College students residing in a dormitory

Which of the following is an example of protected health information? a. The patient's weight b. A partial picture of the patient's face c. Communicable diseases d. Hair color

Communicable diseases

Students who have a documented disability and require test accommodations should do which of the following prior to registering for the NCLEX-RN? a. Contact their physician for anti-anxiety medication as a precaution. b. Evaluate how well they do on the practice examinations without accommodations. c. Contact their state board of nursing to request test accommodations. d. Delay taking the test until they are sure they will be able to pass.

Contact their state board of nursing to request test accommodations.

Which of the following characteristics is a social determinant of health? a. Religion b. Political affiliation c. Cultural Influences d. Technological skills

Cultural Influences

The National Center for Cultural Competency uses a conceptual framework that describes a continuum from cultural destructiveness to cultural competency. The continuum level that refers to unintentional practices that maybe harmful to patients through ignorance, insensitive attitudes, or improper allocation of resources is referred to as: a. cultural insensitivity b. cultural awareness c. cultural blindness d. cultural incapacity

Cultural incapacity

Which of the following statements explains why one may not be able to generalize from one cultural situation to the next? a. Beliefs and value systems tend to be unstable. b. Cultural practices vary from one culture to the next. c. Cultural practices tend to change and adapt to environmental challenges. d. Most cultural environments are resource poor.

Cultural practices vary from one culture to the next.

Which of the following would be an appropriate reason to join a professional nursing organization? a. Enjoy travel to conferences b. Achieve an increase in salary c. Develop leadership skills d. Earn a promotion

Develop leadership skills

Which of the following is an item that healthcare delivery systems (HCDSs) were formed to directly respond to? a. Disparity in access to care b. Rapidly sinking clinician salaries c. Increasing environmental burden from paperwork d. Unhealthy eating habits

Disparity in access to care

Which of the following content areas would be tested under the NCLEX-RN psychosocial category? a. Growth and development b. Management of patient care c. End-of-life care d. Health promotion and screening activities

End-of-life care

An electronic exchange of health information and interoperability between a healthcare provider and independent laboratories, radiology centers, pharmacies, payers, public health departments, and other providers is known as a: a. Patient portal (PP) b. Health information exchange (HIE) c. Social media (SM) d. Patient-centered medical home (PCMH)

Health information exchange (HIE)

Which of the following is a major limitation of health information exchanges (HIEs) in the United States? a. Health information often cannot cross state lines legally. b. Health information exchanges are not structured. c. Health information exchanges inherently will never be able to support unstructured information. d. Health information exchanges are too often deployed over social media.

Health information often cannot cross state lines legally.

Which of the following is NOT a recommendation of the American Association of Critical Care Nurses for establishing and sustaining healthy work environments? A. skilled communication b. Hospital green space and gardens c.effective decision-making d. appropriate staffing

Hospital green space and gardens

The NCSBN conducts a job analysis every three years for what purpose? a. Determine how long it takes new RNs to gain confidence in the role b. Measure the expertise of RNs who have practiced for three or more years c. Identify changes taking place in the U.S. healthcare system d. Identify entry level skills and knowledge needed by novice nurses

Identify entry level skills and knowledge needed by novice nurses

Which of the following is not considered an objective of Healthy People 2020? a. Increase immunization rates and reduce preventable infectious diseases b. Reduce illness, disability, and death related to tobacco use and secondhand smoke exposure c. Increase the quality, availability, and effectiveness of educational and community-based programs designed to prevent disease and injury, improve health, and enhance quality of life d. Increase the number of residents living in long-term care facilities

Increase the number of residents living in long-term care facilities

Pender's Health Promotion Model is based on which of the following factors? a. Individual characteristics and experiences, such as prior related behavior and personal factors b. Family of origin c. Genetics d. Perceived fear of negative outcomes

Individual characteristics and experiences, such as prior related behavior and personal factors

Which of the following statements by a Caucasian nurse caring for an Hispanic patient would indicate that he is culturally competent? a. I will care for you just as I care for a dear family member. b. I have always wanted to learn Spanish, so let's do your discharge teaching in Spanish. c. Could you ask your wife to sit outside until I finish your discharge teaching? d. Is there a family member with whom you would like me to share your discharge teaching?

Is there a family member with whom you would like me to share your discharge teaching?

In the U.S., which professional nursing organization serves as the primary regulatory body in nursing? a. National Council of State Boards of Nursing b. Nursing Organization Alliance c. American Nurses Association d. American Association of Colleges of Nursing

National Council of State Boards of Nursing

One example of recent American Nurses' Association (ANA) political advocacy action in Congress is: a. gun control laws. b. climate control legislation. c. healthy nutrition in elementary schools. d. Nurse Workforce Development Program funding.

Nurse Workforce Development Program funding.

Which population will grow substantially by 2030 and require nurses to have specialized knowledge? a. Young adults b. Women c. Older adults d. Children

Older adults

As a new member of a professional nursing organization, which of the following is an effective way to become involved in the organization's activities? a. Read the electronic newsletters disseminated by the organization. b. Participate in any local chapter events to network with other members. c. Remember to renew annual dues on time. d. Check the organization's website regularly for new initiatives.

Participate in any local chapter events to network with other members.

Concern over the lack of nursing representation on national healthcare boards recently led to the implementation of which of the following initiatives? a. Providing nurses with talking points on how to get elected to boards b. Advocating for equal numbers of nurses and physicians on boards c. Increasing the number of admissions to graduate nursing school d. Placing 10,000 nurses on boards by the year 2020

Placing 10,000 nurses on boards by the year 2020

What is the meaning of the acronym PHI? a. Protected health information b. Personal health information c. Personally high-tech information d. Protected health intelligence

Protected health information

Which of the following strategies is effective for eliciting positive behavior changes among clients of varied cultural backgrounds? a. A singular approach to facilitate client education b. Providing a range of active and learning strategies to engage the client c. Speaking loudly when delivering an educational program d. Using an approach that has worked for all Caucasian clients

Providing a range of active and learning strategies to engage the client

Which of the following is NOT one of Betancourt's components for developing cultural sensitivity? a. awareness and acceptance of cultural differences b. awareness of one's own biases c. interacting with people from different cultures d. Reading about cultures

Reading about cultures

What is the most reliable method by which to obtain information regarding a professional nursing organization's mission and strategic activities? a. Reviewing the organization's official website b. Talking to members of the organization c. Writing the organization's chief executive officer for information d. Asking the nursing faculty to explain the organizations

Reviewing the organization's official website

A nursing license is issued by which of the following? a. American Nurses Association b. American Medical Association c. State Board of Nursing d. U.S. Health and Human Services

State Board of Nursing

The nurse who consistently assigns the Hispanic nurse to patients from Mexico admitted to her unit may be making decisions based on cultural: a. Stereotyping b. bias c. myths d. sensitivity

Stereotyping

A variety of health challenges have been found to be more common among specific cultural groups. Which of the following statements is true? a. Hepatitis is common among African Americans. b. Suicide is common among Asians. c. Tuberculosis is common among Caucasians. d. Mental disorders are common among Hispanics.

Suicide is common among Asians.

Which of the following is true about online discussion forums? a. They allow for organized discussion of user-generated topics. b. They allow for organized discussion of expert-generated topics. c. By definition, they never include clinician input. d. The information contained within them is always federally protected.

They allow for organized discussion of user-generated topics.

What is the most recent addition to the components of nursing informatics practice? a. Wisdom b. Knowledge c. Information d. Data

Wisdom

Chronic diseases, such as diabetes, cancer, and heart disease, account for the majority of the deaths in the U.S. A chronic disease is: a. a long-lasting disease that typically remains with an individual from onset to the end of life and lasts longer than three months. b. a disease that can easily be self-managed. c. considered both life threatening and terminal. d. typically less costly for the individual than an acute illness.

a long-lasting disease that typically remains with an individual from onset to the end of life and lasts longer than three months.

The "Healthy nurse" and " Healthy Nurse, Healthy Nation" programs are associated with which one of the following professional nursing organizations? a. American Nurses Association b. American Organization of Nurse Executives c. American Association of Psychiatric Nurses d. Holistic Nursing Society

a. American Nurses Association

The goal for nursing science and nursing knowledge is that: a. EBP becomes part of the professional culture of nursing b. all research funding is awarded to translational research studies c. all research funding is awarded to treatment trials. d. research is conducted in disciplinary specific fields

a. EBP becomes part of the professional culture of nursing

The American Nurses Credentialing Center offers _______________ in over 40 areas of nursing practice. a. certifications b. regulations c. recognition d. licenses

a. certifications

Experts urge all nurses to be involved in research as either: a. consumers of research or as participants involved in the research process itself b. consumers of research or principal investigations c. principal investigations or grant writers d. data collectors or participants in disseminating the findings

a. consumers of research or as participants involved in the research process itself

An end result of evidence-based health care is: a. improved patient outcomes b. decreased readmission rates c. interprofessional collaboration d. lower nosocomial infection rate

a. improved patient outcomes

How did The American Nurses Association Position Paper, which was published in 1965, have a significant impact on the nursing profession? a. reaffirmed that nursing education should occur in institutions of higher education, rather than in hospitals. b. stated that the minimum preparation for beginning professional nurses should be a baccalaureate degree. c. united U.S. nurses in the belief that significant changes were needed in nursing education. d. stated that no formal education should be required for beginning technical nurses who would practice solely at the patient's bedside

a. reaffirmed that nursing education should occur in institutions of higher education, rather than in hospitals.

Use of approaches to teaching and learning in nursing education that are best include those that promote: a. lectures. b. active learning. c. flipped classrooms. d. passive learning.

active learning.

Boards of nursing can consist of which of the following? a. Licensed practical nurses b. All of these can be on a board of nursing. c. Healthcare consumers d. Registered nurses

b. All of these can be on a board of nursing.

One model that guides nurses how to introduce, develop, and evaluate evidence-based practice is the: a. Billings Model b. Iowa Model c. Cochrane Review d. U.S Preventive Task Force

b. Iowa Model

Which one of the following professional nursing organizations has a primary mission of supporting a nursing role function? a. Oncology Nursing Society b. National Association of Clinical Nurse Specialists c. American Association of Critical Care Nurses d. American Nurses Association

b. National Association of Clinical Nurse Specialists

Kerry is a nurse in a compact state. As long as she remains in good standing, renews her multistate licensure, and continues to reside in a primary state of residence that is a compact state, what is the time limit for her working in other compact states? a. One year b. There is no time limit. c. Ten years d. Five years

b. There is no time limit.

Nurses most often face which type of workplace violence? a. Type I which involves a criminal intent b. Type II which involves a customer, client, or patient c. Type III which involves worker on worker d. Type IV which involves personal relationships

b. Type II which involves a customer, client, or patient

Evidence-based practice begins with: a. research methodology b. a clinical question c. funding to conduct a study d. data collection

b. a clinical question

When addressing a client's smoking or tobacco use history, the nurse should: a. avoid the subject unless the clients specifically addresses the issue. b. begin with an assessment to determine whether the client is ready to stop smoking. c. consult with a primary care provider to initiate nicotine replacement therapy prior to the initial client consultation. d. use aggressive scare tactics.

begin with an assessment to determine whether the client is ready to stop smoking.

At the beginning of the twentieth century, states established ______ to protect the public's health by overseeing and ensuring the safe practice of nursing. a. nurse practice acts b. boards of nursing c. licensing requirements d. nursing schools

boards of nursing

What main purpose do all professional organization serve regardless of discipline? a. Provide a social networking opportunity for all members b. Generate funding sources for special interest groups c. Advocate collectively for their members and other constituents d. Serve those who are not empowered to speak on their own behalf

c. Advocate collectively for their members and other constituents

Statutes that define the legal limits for the practice of nursing, NPAs, are issued by which of the following? a. State nursing boards b. The federal government c. Individual state governments d. American Medical Association

c. Individual state governments

A challenge for current EBP models is the need to move from emphasizing disciplinary focused practice to: a. emphasis on resource constraints b. translation of clinical findings to the hospitalized patient c. addressing patient problems with a team approach d. emphasis on bench science findings

c. addressing patient problems with a team approach

Challenges cited by nurses as barriers to implementing evidence-based practice include: a. lack of research literature b. salary compensation c. lack of time and limited resources d. patient-nurse ratio

c. lack of time and limited resources

EBP is a lifelong problem-solving approach to the delivery of health care that integrates the best evidence from well-designed studies and integrates it with: a. the patient's preference b. the patient's values c. the clinician's expertise d. the patient's preferences and values and the clinician's expertise.

c. the clinician's expertise

Research demonstrates that interprofessional education can result in improved: a. safety, quality, patient education, and collaboration and teamwork b. morbidity and mortality rates among older adults. c. conflict among disciplines attempting to learn from one another. d. clinical outcomes, patient-centered communication, and collaborative teamwork.

clinical outcomes, patient-centered communication, and collaborative teamwork.

In order for nurses practicing in Ohio to determine how standards are interpreted and applied, what should be consulted? a. Ohio state statutes and administrative codes b. Hospital policies c. State and federal case laws and published opinions by judges d. All of these should be consulted.

d. All of these should be consulted.

Following the implementation of the APRN Consensus Model, why are certifying organizations such as ANCC changing certification programs? a. To make APRN practice and regulation more uniform and consistent b. To adapt to an aging population c. To adapt to regulatory state requirements within particular states d. To more accurately reflect the roles and populations required

d. To more accurately reflect the roles and populations required

The ANA does NOT reccomned which of the following evidence-based steps for enhancing performance and safety and patient outcomes? a. regular and predictable work schedules b. working no more than 40 hours in a 7-day period c. giving RNs the right to accept or reject a work assignment d. Using mandatory overtime to make sure all shifts are covered.

d. Using mandatory overtime to make sure all shifts are covered.

The ANA defines healthy sleep as: a. adequate sleep as determined by the individual b. sufficient sleep 15 out of 30 days of the month c. at least six hours of daily comfortable and restorative rest d. at least seven hours of daily comfortable and restorative rest.

d. at least seven hours of daily comfortable and restorative rest.

Which of the following factors contributes the most to premature mortality in the United States? a. genetics b. infectious disease c. environmental poisons d. behavior

d. behavior

According to the Journal of Patient Safety, the third leading cause of death in the U.S. is what? a. Misdiagnosis b. Patient falls c. Neglect d. Medical errors

d. medical errors

What type of wellbeing does a "healthy nurse" address by maintaining healthy work interactions with co-workers and positive relationships with family members and friends? a. economic b. physical c. career d. psychosocial

d. psychosocial

The goal of evidence-based health delivery of care is: a. safety b. quality c. inclusion and patient values d. quality care with cost restraints

d. quality care with cost restraints

The Doctorate of Nursing Practice (DNP) degree focuses on ensuring nurses are competent to: a. design healthcare systems. b. generate nursing theory. c. begin new nursing programs. d. provide bedside nursing.

design healthcare systems.

NCLEX-RN test items that require the test taker to prioritize a list of nursing actions in the order by which the nurse would perform them are called: a. sequential questions. b. exhibit questions. c. graph questions. d. drag-and-drop questions.

drag-and-drop questions.

Florence Nightingale's most significant contribution to the emergence of nursing as a profession was her: a. discovery that dirt, rather than pathogens, is the primary cause of disease. b. use of political influence to obtain permission to take a group of nurses to the Crimean War. c. establishment of the Nightingale School of Nursing at St. Thomas' Hospital. d. work with Pastor Fliedner to establish the Deaconess Home and Hospital.

establishment of the Nightingale School of Nursing at St. Thomas' Hospital.

Today's nursing students need to be well versed in evidence-based practice, which involves: a. gathering, analyzing, using, and synthesizing evidence. b. using the nursing process. c. applying interdisciplinary sciences. d. collaborating with healthcare professionals.

gathering, analyzing, using, and synthesizing evidence.

Today's electronic culture has an enormous impact on the beliefs, values, and behaviors of contemporary society and challenges healthcare providers to: a. help patients interpret information and make appropriate choices. b. protect patients from reading false information about their health conditions. c. spend less time teaching patients material that can be found online. d. determine how best to treat patients based on information gained online.

help patients interpret information and make appropriate choices.

Culturally derived actions are usually based on: a. written directives b. explicit cues c. implicit cues d. socialization

implicit cues

The 2011 Institute of Medicine (IOM) report "The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health" recommended increasing the number of baccalaureate-prepared nurses to 80 percent by 2020 because nurses with this degree have greater potential to: a. provide nursing leadership. b. provide better bedside manner. c. improve patient outcomes. d. improve healthcare team communication.

improve patient outcomes.

During the late 19th century, advances in science contributed to the growth in nursing education because: a. schools of nursing were increasingly relied upon to aid in the discovery of the causes of disease. b. the need for university preparation of professional nurses had been firmly established. c. improvement in technology required educated nurses for the care of patients with more complex conditions. d. the hospital was determined to be the only place where patients should be treated.

improvement in technology required educated nurses for the care of patients with more complex conditions.

Accredited nursing programs have demonstrated to external accrediting bodies that they: a. have enough clinical sites to meet the needs of students. b. have enough nursing faculty to serve the needs of students. c. meet professional nursing education standards. d. are fit to prepare nursing students for public health care.

meet professional nursing education standards.

To avoid being found negligent or guilty of malpractice, a nurse must provide care that represents a _______ level of practice. a. standard b. safe c. competent d. minimum

minimum

Curriculum in nursing programs reflects the: a. apprenticeship model of nursing education. b. mission and philosophy of the school .c. American Nurses Association codes. d. Hospital Joint Commission standards.

mission and philosophy of the school.

A key message of the 2011 Institute of Medicine (IOM) report "The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health" was: a. the PhD in nursing should be phased out and replaced with the DNP. b. all nurses need to obtain a master's degree for entry into practice. c. nurses should work with physicians to redesign healthcare systems. d. more nurses need to be prepared with associate degrees.

nurses should work with physicians to redesign healthcare systems.

Throughout antiquity, prior to the modern era, the safest nursing care was provided in: a. hospitals linked to early European universities. b. almshouses established for the destitute. c. public hospitals that had been established in some large cities. d. one's own home, by one's relatives.

one's own home, by one's relatives.

HIPAA is the federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996. The primary goal of HIPAA is to: a. support the implementation of meaningful use criteria. b. protect the confidentiality of healthcare information and make it easier for people to keep health insurance. c. organize the healthcare industry. d. provide consumers access to their health records.

protect the confidentiality of healthcare information and make it easier for people to keep health insurance.

A pregnant woman comes for her monthly checkup in the clinic. She does not speak English but she has her 13-year-old son with her who speaks little English. The nurse in taking the obstetrical history may decide to: a. request a medical translator from the hospital. b. takes the history and ask the 13-year-old son to translate. c. takes the history but uses visual aids to support her questions. d. takes the history and has the son repeat and emphasize sensitive material.

request a medical translator from the hospital.

Culturally competent care is defined as care that: a. is self-determined by those who need it. b. respects diversity in the patient population. c. is reflective of the health care provided. d. results in positive outcomes.

respects diversity in the patient population.

The primary reason that educated nurses first joined together to form the precursor to the American Nurses Association was to: a. require licensure for all graduates of schools of nursing in the U.S. b. establish consistency in the curricula of schools of nursing. c. secure the passage of nurse licensure legislation in each of the states in the U.S. d. establish consistency in the entrance requirements for schools of nursing.

secure the passage of nurse licensure legislation in each of the states in the U.S.

As a result of the Great Depression of the 1930s, the majority of registered nurses in the U.S.: a. sought employment in hospitals, often working for little or no wages. b. were opposed to government relief efforts to provide relief to unemployed persons. c. increasingly found work as self-employed private duty nurses. d. decided to leave nursing to seek work in areas other than health care.

sought employment in hospitals, often working for little or no wages.

The chief characteristic of early hospital-based schools of nursing in the U.S. was that: a. student nurses received an education based on sound instructional principles. b. student nurses were required to work long hours with few formal classes and little clinical supervision. c. schools of nursing were few in number so that their quality could be ensured. d. schools of nursing employed well-educated faculty members committed to meeting their students' needs.

student nurses were required to work long hours with few formal classes and little clinical supervision.

Health disparities can be defined as which of the following: a. the differences in health status among racial-ethnic characteristics. b. the differences in the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and burden of disease that exist among specific populations. c. the similarities between two or more ethnic-racial or age groups. d. the differences that exist among income and education.

the differences in the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and burden of disease that exist among specific populations.

A cautionary approach to the use of social media in the context of providing health care is strongly advised because which of the following a. the nature of social media creates significant risks of violating HIPAA and state privacy regulations. b. social media is unstructured. c. providers are not allowed to use social media. d. social media promotes untested healthcare advice.

the nature of social media creates significant risks of violating HIPAA and state privacy regulations.

The scope and function of the practical/vocational nurse includes providing nursing care: a. under the supervision of a registered nurse or primary care provider. b. under the supervision of nurse practitioners and physicians. c. independently in long term and community care settings. d. only in hospitals and extended care facilities.

under the supervision of a registered nurse or primary care provider.

The profession of nursing strove to develop its own body of knowledge through all of the following mechanisms except: a. use of theoretical frameworks from related healthcare professions. b. development of nursing theory by nurse scholars such as Martha Rogers, Hildegarde Peplau, and Dorothy Orem. c. publication of the journal Nursing Research. d. increased focus on evidence-based practice to improve nursing practice.

use of theoretical frameworks from related healthcare professions.

The first nurse practice acts passed in the U.S.: a. allowed anyone in the state to apply for nurse licensure, regardless of their educational preparation. b. barred persons who had not graduated from a school of nursing from the practice of nursing for pay. c. were "permissive" laws that allowed only nurses who were licensed to use the title "Registered Nurse." d. allowed any person who worked as a nurse for pay to use the title "Registered Nurse."

were "permissive" laws that allowed only nurses who were licensed to use the title "Registered Nurse."