Nutrition 2

complete proteins

Compared with most plant sources of protein, animal sources of protein contain more __?

false

Complete proteins are low in one or more essential amino acids.

No benefits, too many kcalories, weight gain, high cholesterol

Eating more protein than needed will result in what?

true

Examples of foods high in starch include potatoes, pasta, corn, and beans

true

Fat prevents protein from being burned for energy so that protein can do it's own important jobs.

solid, animal sources

Fats are generally what consistency, and come from what sources?

false

Hormones are chemical messengers secreted into the blood by various organs to regulate certain body activities so the body's internal environment changes frequently.

taste, flavor, aroma, crispness, juiciness, and tenderness

In foods, fat enhances what characteristics?

heart disease, diabetes, stroke, high blood pressure

Some research shows that a diet high in whole grains reduces your risk of what type of disease?

glucose

Under most circumstances, the brain and other nerve cells will only use __ for energy.

false

Vegetarian diets can't be nutritionally adequate so supplements will definitely be needed.

vegans

Vegetarians who won't eat meat, poultry, seafood, eggs, or dairy products are called ___?

Heart disease

A high blood cholesterol level increases the risk for what diseases?

Brain, eye, and heart function

Omega-3 fatty acids are most important for the health of your ____?

lactose intolerance

A condition that results from an inability to digest lactose?

B12

A nutrient that may be of concern to vegans because it only appears in animal foods is ____?

canola, flaxseed, soybean, and walnut oils

Alpha-linolenic acid is found in what types of foods?

essential amino acids

Amino acids that must be obtained from foods in order for the body to function properly are called what?

true

Being at a healthy weight and exercising regularly helps prevent heart disease.

true

Besides the cholesterol you eat in foods, your body makes cholesterol.

grains, nuts, seeds, rice, peas, and vegetables

By mixing beans with what types of foods, you have complete protein.

Alpha-linolenic acid (omega 3)

Canola oil is a good source of what type of fatty acid?

Animal foods

Cholesterol is only found in what types of foods?

heart disease

High levels of LDL increase your risk of what disease?

drink more water

If you decide to increase your fiber intake, you should do what at the same time?

saturated fats

In the body, trans fatty acids behave like __ and raise blood cholesterol levels.

true

Individuals who eat high amounts of added sugars are more likely to be obese and develop diabetes than individuals who eat moderate amounts of added sugars.

true

It is best to distribute your protein intake pretty evenly among all three meals, especially for older adults.

false

It is essential to take in enough fructose because the level of fructose in the blood is vital for your body.

Fruits, grains, and veggies

List foods that are good sources of carbohydrates:

vegetable oil that undergoes hydrogenation

Margarine is usually made from what ingredients?

true

Most of the fat you eat in foods you can't see.

DNA

Molecules that contain your genetic information, and the information to make proteins in the body are called what?

Olive, canola, and safflower oil, nuts and seeds

Monounsaturated fats are found in large amounts in what types of oils/fats?

veggies, fruits, grains, and milk

Most Americans need to eat fewer foods with added sugar and eat more of what types of foods?

true

Most fish is lower in fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol than are meat and poultry (skin off)

true

Most individuals with lactose intolerance can drink small amounts of milk without any symptoms, especially if it is taken with food.

stevia

Name a naturally sweet extract that comes from the leaves of a bush.

liquid, plant sources

Oils are generally what consistency, and come from what sources?

Corn, soybean, and sunflower oil

Polyunsaturated fats are found in large amounts in what types of oils?

mercury

Pregnant women, nursing mothers, and young children should take special precautions to avoid fish containing high levels of ___?

stomach

Protein digestion starts where in the body?

antibodies

Proteins that attack viruses, bacteria, and toxins are called?

hormones

Proteins that function as chemical messengers are called?

enzymes

Proteins that speed up chemical messengers are called?

true

Skinless white meat chicken and turkey have about the same amount of cholesterol but are lower in total fat and saturated fat than red meats

complex carbohydrates

Starch and fiber are examples of what type of nutrient?

plant foods

Starch is only found in what types of foods?

cavities

Sugar causes this harmful condition?

Fish! (Tuna, Salmon, Herring, Mackerel, Halibut, Trout)

The best sources of omega-3 fatty acids DHA and EPA are what types of food?

amino acids

The building blocks of protein are called__?

sucrose

The chemical name for white sugar:

false

The food highest in cholesterol is the egg white.

heart disease

The number one killer of men and women in the United States is ___?

glucose

The primary carbohydrate source of the body's energy is what?

shortening and margarine

The process of hydrogenating oils to solid fats creates what?

fructose

The sugar found in fruit:

lactose

The sugar found in milk:

Protein coated packages that carry triglycerides and cholesterol through the bloodstream/ 4 types

What are lipoproteins?

ecology, economics, ethics, religious beliefs

What are some reasons for becoming vegetarian?

dietary fiber

What complex carbohydrate found in plants is not digested by human digestive enzymes?

lowers blood cholesterol, reduces blood pressure, decreases diabetes, regulates blood sugar

What happens in the body when a generous intake of fiber is consumed?

glycogen is converted into glucose and used

What happens to glycogen stored in the liver when blood glucose levels fall?

gelatinization: absorbs water and swells in size

What happens to starches when heated in liquid?

Sugars occurring naturally in foods/ sugar added to foods/ glucose, fructose, lactose, and sucrose

What is a simple carbohydrate?

Two polyunsaturated fats that the body can't make.

What is an essential fatty acid?

liver and muscles

Where is glycogen stored in the body?

trans fats and saturated fats

Which fats are the main contributors to high blood cholesterol levels?

insulin

Which hormone is necessary for glucose to leave the bloodstream and enter the body's cells?

high density lipoprotein

Which lipoprotein is called 'good cholesterol' because it picks up cholesterol around the body and take it back to the liver for disposal?

fruits and veggies, beans, non-fat dairy, breads, and grains

Which of the following food groups generally contains little fat?

Adipose cells

Which type of cell in your body stores fat?

soluble fiber

Which type of fiber slows the emptying of food from the stomach?

Good cost, high vitamins and minerals, high fiber, low fat, moderate protein, and low calories

Why are whole grains and legumes an all- around good choice?

glucose

Your blood __ level is vital to the proper functioning of the body.